Evolution of API-driven Architectures

© OPITZ CONSULTING 2018
¢¢¢ überraschend mehr Möglichkeiten!
Sven Bernhardt
Evolution of API-driven
Architectures

© OPITZ CONSULTING 2018 API-First-Design Seite 2
About me
Sven Bernhardt
¢ Senior Solution Architect @OPITZ CONSULTING Deutschland GmbH
¢ Oracle ACE Director
@sbernhardt
https://svenbernhardt.wordpress.com/

© OPITZ CONSULTING 2018 Seite 3
Agenda
1
2
3
API history
APIs today
Where APIs are heading to?
API-First-Design
4 Conclusion4

API history
1
API-First-Design

Horizontal integration
API-First-Design Seite 5
A long time ago in a galaxy far, far away…
¢ APIs in the context of horizontal integration scenarios
¢ Classic System2System integration
¢ Heavy-weight, proprietary protocols
¢ Technical interfaces
¢ Batch processing
¢ Asynchronous interaction patterns

API Management in times of EAI and SOA
https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/articles/soa/weir-3rd-gen-api-mgmt-3787102.html
https://tinyurl.com/y5gx45xb

With the rise of mobile applications, API focus changed
Horizontal integration
Verticalintegration
¢ End User ”integration”
¢ APIs born from business requirements
¢ Not only who is using the API, but also how an
API is being used
¢ Foucs less on reusabilty, but more on providing
the data in the right format at the right time
¢ Use of lightweight, standard protocols
¢ (Near) Real-time interaction
¢ Synchronous interaction patterns

Meaning of APIs and API Management today
http://www.soa4u.co.uk/2015/08/oracle-api-management-implementation.html

Key patterns for implementing API-based solutions
API Gateway Backend for Frontend
https://microservices.io/patterns/apigateway.html

APIs today
2
API-First-Design

Components of API-driven architectures
¢ API Gateway (Runtime)
¢ API policy enforcement
¢ Request routing
¢ API Management Portal/Console (Designtime)
¢ API policy definition
¢ Platform management
¢ API / Developer Portal (Designtime)
¢ API Catalog
¢ View API descriptions
¢ Register for API usage

REST: The new hope (especially for vertical integrations)
https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/articles/soa/weir-3rd-gen-api-mgmt-3787102.html

Use Case: APIs for modernizing legacy/monolithic applications
Monolithic Application
CRM Financials
HR PM
UI Logic
Internal networkDMZExternal network
Service
Implementation
Proprietary
Protocol
API {JSON}
API

Technological evolution singificantly influences the way how
applications are built today

Evolution of application infrastructures: From on-premises to
hybrid, scalable and elastic infrastructures
¢ Kubernetes is the new de-facto application
platform
¢ Container orchestration platform developed
by Google
¢ Abstracts Infrastructure, Network & Storage
¢ Cloud technologies enable infinite
scalability and elasticity on a infrastructure
level

© OPITZ CONSULTING 2018 Serverless architectures with Fn Project Seite 17
Evolution of application architectures: From Monoliths to Cloud-
Native Apps
Monolithic
architectures
µService
architectures
Serverless
architectures
f(a1) f(a2)
f(a3) f(a4) f(b4)f(b3)
f(b2)f(b1)
f(c3) f(c4)
f(c2)f(c1) f(d1) f(d2)
f(d3) f(d4)
Ø Single application
Ø Mixed data from different
business context
Ø Mixed business logic
Ø Application consists of
different µService
Ø Business logic and data
belong to a bounded
business context
Ø Application consists of
multiple functions
Ø Fine-granular logic for a
specific step, data resides
externally

Where APIs are heading to?
3
API-First-Design

Next-gen API Management solutions are needed

Example 3rd Gen API Platform: Oracle API Platform Cloud Service
¢ Designed API first
¢ Implemented Cloud-Native
¢ Supports full API lifecycle
¢ Problem: Gateway is not a real
µGateway

API Gateway solutions should be capable to cover as many
scenarios as possible
API-
Gateway
API-
Gateway
Client Client
Monolith Microgateway Serverless
f(a1) f(a2)
f(a3) f(a4) f(b4)f(b3)
f(b2)f(b1)
f(c3) f(c4)
f(c2)f(c1) f(d1) f(d2)
f(d3) f(d4)
Cloud 1 Cloud 2
API-
Gateway
Client

Real 3rd Gen API Gateway Platform: Kong API Management
¢ Gateway can be scaled horizontally by
adding new nodes
¢ Modular approach powered by plugins
that are configured using a RESTful API
¢ Runs on any infrastructure and supports
various deployment topologies
https://konghq.com/solutions/gateway/

x
Microgateways and Kubernetes: Ingress Controller
Ingress
An API object that manages external access to the services in a cluster, typically
HTTP.
Ingress can provide load balancing, SSL termination and name-based virtual hosting.
https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/services-networking/ingress/
¢ Ingress traffic = North-South traffic
¢ Protecting your exposed Kubernetes
services
?

Microgateways and Kubernetes: Service Mesh
Service Mesh
A platform that makes service-to-service communication more reliable, secured and
observable.
¢ Service Mesh approach for East-West
traffic
¢ Mutual TLS scenarios
¢ Identity Token propagation
¢ …
¢ Protecting internal Service
communications

x
GraphQL: The new kid on the block
¢ GraphQL was originally invented by Facebook and released in 2015
¢ GraphQL supports typed schema definitions, defines a consumer orientied query
language and provides a runtime to execute the respective queries
¢ Consumers exactly receive, what they are asking for
Describe:
type Conference {
name: String
description: String
host: [Company]
}
Ask:
{
conference(name: “DIX2019") {
description
}
}
Get results:
{
"conference": {
"description": “Awesome conference" }
}

When does GraphQL come into the game?
¢ GraphQL is good to reduce application chattiness, which occurs due to limitations
of REST-based APIs
https://blog.apollographql.com/graphql-vs-rest-5d425123e34b

It shouldn‘t be a decision, if using REST or GraphQL, but have
them both co-existing
¢ Think of GraphQL as an API Composition layer for your existing REST APIs
¢ API compositions using GraphQL is a concrete Backend For Frontend
implementation
https://microservices.io/patterns/data/api-composition.html

Conclusion
4
API-First-Design

With great power, comes great responsibility
¢ Don‘t be a sinner by
implementing API Sandwich
architectures!
¢ Choose your API Gateway
architecture wisely
¢ Don‘t add API layers that do not
add value to the solution
¢ Think about the way how
you implement your APIs
¢ There‘s not only black and white
https://de.slideshare.net/luisw19/7-deadly-sins-of-api-at-devoxxuk-2019

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Seite 31
Contact me!
Sven Bernhardt
Senior Solution Architect | Oracle ACE Director
OPITZ CONSULTING Deutschland GmbH
Kirchstrasse 6, 51647 Gummersbach, Germany
Phone: +49 172 2193529
Mail: sven.bernhardt@opitz-consulting.com
@sbernhardt
https://svenbernhardt.wordpress.com
API-First-Design

APIs are important part of Micorservices architectures
µ
Customers
µ
Orders
µ
Loyalty
µ
Finance
µ
Logistics
Web Shop Portal
Micro-UIs
µ
Customers
µ
Orders
µ
Loyalty
µ
Finance
µ
Products
µ
Products
APIs

Data-driven APIs in Big Data architectures
Analytics App 1
Analytics App 2
Analytics App 3
Analytics App 4
Landing
Zone
Data Pipeline /
Data Ingestion
Metadata
Store
Content
Store
Rawdata
Store
Big Data Platform
DataLake
Integration
Services
APIs

Evolution of API-driven Architectures

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