This document discusses fog computing, which is a decentralized computing infrastructure that processes data closer to the data source, between IoT devices and cloud servers, to address limitations of cloud computing. It defines fog computing and compares it to cloud computing. It outlines the characteristics, architecture involving terminal, fog and cloud layers, and how fog computing works. The document also discusses advantages like low latency, applications like connected vehicles, and the future potential of fog computing.

1. Fog Computing
Under the guidance of:
Prof. V. S. Bhonkar
Presented by:
Miss Chaitali Gajanan Panvalkar
Roll no.:2201955
PRN no.:2030408246001
Institute of Petrochemical Engineering
Department of Information Technology
Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Technological University
Seminar on

2. Index
o What is IoT and Cloud ?
o Fog computing
o Limitations overcome from cloud
o Limitations overcome in fog
o Characteristics of fog computing
o Fog computing architecture
o How fog computing works ?
o Features of fog computing
o Advantages of fog computing
o Limitations of fog computing
o Why fog computing ?
o When to use fog computing ?
o Applications
o Conclusion
o Future scope
o References

3. What is IoT and Cloud ?
o Cloud Computing is defined as storing and accessing of data and computing
services over the internet.
o The Internet of Things can be described as connecting everyday objects to the
internet.
o IoT applications generate a large amount of data. Transferring this data to the cloud
leads to a number of issues/challenges.
o To overcome these challenges, faced by IoT applications, in the cloud environment,
the term fog computing was introduced by Cisco in the year 2012.

4. Fog Computing
It is also known as fogging/edge computing.
It is a decentralized computing infrastructure in which data, compute, storage and
applications are located somewhere between the data source and the cloud.
Rather than sending all of data to cloud-based servers to be processed, many of these
devices will create large amounts of raw data and then it will get forwarded to reduce
bandwidth.
Fog is nothing but cloud near end user.

5. Limitations overcome from cloud
Vulnerability
Depends on internet connection
The level of security
1
3
5
Power consumption
7
High latency
2
4
6
8 Low connection
Technical problem
Downtimes

6. Limitations overcome in Fog Computing
A lack of centralized processing power.
The ability to process data in real-time.
Increased distributed storage capacity with fog computing.
The ability to adapt more quickly than cloud computing when an outage occurs.
The ability to work better with IoT devices and big data sets.
Data Locality.
Faster Processing of data and power consumption.

7. Charcteristics of Fog Computing
Geographical
distribution
Real-time
interaction
Close to the end
user
Edge location
Massive sensor
networks

8. Fog Computing Architecture
The hierarchical fog architecture comprises of following three layers:
1. Terminal Layer
o This layer includes devices like mobile phones, sensors, smart vehicles, readers,
smartcards, etc.
o Devices are distributed across a number of locations separated far apart from each
other.
o The layer mostly deals with data sensing and capturing.

9. 2. Fog Layer
o Fog layer includes devices like routers, gateways, access points, base stations,
specific fog servers, etc., called as Fog nodes.
o Fog nodes are located at the edge of a network. The Fog nodes are situated in-
between end devices and cloud data centers.
o Fog nodes can compute, transfer and store the data temporarily.

10. 3. Cloud Layer
o This layer consists of devices that can provide large storage and machines (servers)
with high performance.
o The data centers are both scalable and provide compute resources on-demand basis.
o It acts as a back-up as well as provides permanent storage for data in a fog
architecture.

11. Terminal layer
Fog layer
Cloud layer

12. How Fog Computing works ?
4. Data is analyzed
locally, filtered, and
then sent to the
cloud for long-term
storage if necessary.
1.Works by
utilizing fog nodes
and edge devices.
3. This data is
sent to a fog
node close to the
data source.
2. Raw data is
captured by IoT
beacons.

13. 1
Features of Fog
2 3 4
Aims to place the
data close to the
end user.
Enhance the cloud
experience.
Big data and
analytics can be
done faster with
better results.
Administrators are
able to support
location based
mobility demands.

14. Advantages of Fog Computing
Productivity
Privacy
Bandwidth
Security
Latency
Fog
computing

15. Limitations of Fog Computing
Complexity Security Maintenance

16. Why Fog Computing ?
Reduction of
network traffic
Suitable for
IOT tasks and
Quries
Scalability
Low Latency
requirement
Monitoring
Raw data
management
Resource
Provisioning

17. When to use Fog Computing ?
1
2
3
4
When only selected data is required to
send to the cloud.
When the data should be analyzed within a
fraction of seconds.
whenever a large number of services need to
be provided over a large area at different
geographical locations.
Devices that are subjected to rigorous
computations and processing’s.
Use

18. Applications of Fog Computing
Linked vehicles
Real-time analytics
Smart Grids and Smart
Cities:

19. Connected cars
o Fog computing is ideal for connected
vehicles (CV) because real-time interactions.
o The connected car will start saving lives by
reducing automobile accidents.

20. Decentralized smart building control
o Wireless sensors are installed to measure temperature,
humidity, or levels of various gaseous components in the
building atmosphere.
o Information can be exchanged among all sensors in the
floor.

21. Smart cities
o Fog computing would be able to obtain
sensor data on all levels, and integrate
all the mutually independent network
entities within.

22. Conclusion
o The key advantages of fog computing are greater comparing to cloud
computing.
o Fog provides unprecedented levels of security in the cloud and in social
networks.
o The usage of fog computing can accelerate the innovation process in ways
that has never been seen before.

23. Future Scope
Fog computing is the future for organizations. It has several
advantages over cloud computing.
Cloud computing for IoT may fade away but fog computing will
take over.
Fog computing is the key to accomplish this critical work. It can
boost usability and accessibility in various computing environments

24. Any Questions ?

25. THANK YOU

26. References
1. Bonomi, Flavio (September 19–23, 2011). "Connected Vehicles, the Internet of Things,
and Fog Computing, The 8th ACM International Workshop on VehiculAr Inter-
NETworking (VANET 2011), Las Vegas, NV, USA". www.sigmobile.org.
Retrieved 2019-08-07.
2. "What Is Fog Computing? Webopedia Definition". www.webopedia.com.
Retrieved 2017-04-07.
3. Bonomi, F., Milito, R., Zhu, J., and Addepalli, S. Fog Computing and its Role in the
Internet of Things. In Proc of MCC (2012), pp. 13-16.[4].
4. "Fog brings the cloud closer to the ground: Cisco innovates in fog
computing". newsroom.cisco.com. Retrieved 2019-01-24.