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New Media:
managing your legal
      risks


                      1
Paul Jacobson
Web and Digital Media Lawyer




                               2
3
The are risks
                4
Don’t panic




              5
The legal stuff ...




                      6
Issues to consider ...

✦   Freedom of expression
✦   Content licensing
✦   Privacy
✦   Unlawful competition




                               7
(we call it
“Freedom of
Expression”)
               8
This is the right ...




                        9
There are
competing
 rights ...



              10
versus




“Freedom of the press does not mean that the press is free to ruin a reputation or break a confidence, or to pollute the cause of justice
  or to do anything that is unlawful. However freedom of the press does mean that there should be no censorship. No unreasonable
                               restraint should be placed on the press as to what they should publish.”



                                                                                                                                           11
It is all about balance




                          12
Content
licensing




            13
14
What is copyright?

✦   Exclusive rights
✦   Works embodying intellectual content
✦   Authorise others
✦   Perform certain acts (for example, to exploit works
    for personal gain or profit)




                                                          15
There are exemptions ...




                           16
✦   Fair dealing

✦   Use for judicial proceedings

✦   Quotations

✦   Illustrations for teaching

✦   Ephemeral copies

✦   Works delivered in public

✦   Reproductions in press or broadcast

✦   Official texts, political speeches, news of the day



                                                         17
Is sharing caring under
  the Copyright Act?




                          18
There is another option ...




                              19
20
Creative Commons licenses are free licenses that
permit a range of uses of content licensed under
                     them

  Creative Commons licenses work within the
     framework established by Copyright

http://creativecommons.org/about/licenses/meet-
                  the-licenses




                                                   21
22
22
How about a practical
     example


                        23
36 Ghosts IV by Nine Inch Nails released under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial ShareAlike 3.0 US license

                                                                                                                         24
25
✦   Free download (9 tracks)
✦   $5 download (all 4 albums, high quality)*
✦   $10 2 CD set (including download)
✦   $75 deluxe edition 2 CD, 1 DVD, 1 Blu-ray
    disc (don’t forget the downloads)
✦   $300 Ultra-deluxe edition superpack


                      * I bought one one these ... and I am barely a fan

                                                                           26
So what happened?


                    27
2 500 x $300 = $750 000




                          28
$1 619 420 in the first
                                            week of sales*




*According to Rolling Stone: http://www.rollingstone.com/rockdaily/index.php/2008/03/13/nine-inch-nails-ghosts-i-iv-makes-trent-reznor-an-instant-millionaire/



                                                                                                                                                                 29
Oh, and NIN isn’t signed to a major record label




                                                   30
and it isn’t just about the big bands




                                        31
Jonathan Coulton

jonathancoulton.com




                      32
Unlawful
competition




              33
Customer relationships

                         34
The stick

Restraint of trade provisions*

Monitor data transfers and
employee communications

Disciplinary procedures

Dismissals



                                 *Most definitely enforceable


                                                               35
The carrot

Participate in relationship
building exercises with
customers

Look after employees

Take an interest in who is
saying what to whom




                              36
Privacy




          37
Which of
these do you
    use?




               38
How much do you
 publish online?


                   39
What happens to
what you publish
    online?

                   40
41
Take your chances

                    42
or ...




         43
Read the terms of
      use


                    44
45
Read the privacy
    policy


                   46
Draw lines in the sand
✦   What information is most
    sensitive?

✦   Decide to never let that
    information out into the wild.

✦   Everything else is
    compromised and public.




                                     47
Claim your identity on the Web




                                 48
on the other hand you could be the provider ...




                                                  49
in which case there are a
 couple things to bear in
         mind ...




                            50
There are rules about gathering personal information




                                                       51
“personal information”1 means information about an identifiable, natural person, and in so far as it is applicable, an
identifiable, juristic person, including, but not limited to-

a) information relating to the race, gender, sex, pregnancy, marital status, national, ethnic or social origin, colour,
sexual orientation, age, physical or mental health, well-being, disability, religion, conscience, belief, culture, language
and birth of the person;

b) information relating to the education or the medical, criminal or employment history of the person
or information relating to financial transactions in which the person has been involved;

c) any identifying number, symbol or other particular assigned to the person;

d) the address, fingerprints or blood type of the person;

e) the personal opinions, views or preferences of the person, except where they are about another individual or
about a proposal for a grant, an award or a prize to be made to another individual;

f) correspondence sent by the person that is implicitly or explicitly of a private or confidential nature or
further correspondence that would reveal the contents of the original correspondence;

g) the views or opinions of another individual about the person;

h) the views or opinions of another individual about a proposal for a grant, an award or a prize to be made to the person,
but excluding the name of the other individual where it appears with the views or opinions of the other individual; and

i) the name of the person where it appears with other personal information relating to the person or where the disclosure
of the name itself would reveal information about the person;

j) but excludes information about a natural person who has been dead, or a juristic person that has ceased to
exist, for more than 20 years;
                                                                                               Draft Protection of Personal Information Bill




                                                                                                                                               52
How would this
 affect you?


                 53
Makes
    biometric
security systems
  a little tricky




                    54
Suddenly people’s opinions you may gather




  are protected as personal information

                                            55
Privacy can be tricky ...




                            56
Do you have a
privacy policy?


                  57
58
Social media has tremendous potential
provided you manage your risks effectively




                                             59
60
Paul Jacobson
  083 444 8260
paulj@jacobson.co.za
  pauljacobson.org



                       61
paul.myplaxo.com

 linkedin.com/in/paulj

 identi.ca/pauljacobson

twitter.com/pauljacobson

        pejrm1




                           62
Selected image credits*
✦   Slide 3: Image by Cambodia4Kidsorg (http://www.flickr.com/photos/cambodia4kidsorg/354932362/) licensed under
    Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 license;
✦   Slide 6: Constitutional Court by Paul Jacobson licensed under Creative Commons Attribution ShareAlike 2.0
    license;
✦   Slide 8: Free speech zone by mus (http://flickr.com/photos/mus/3457967/) licensed under Creative Commons
    Attribution ShareAlike 2.0 license;
✦   Slide 10: Doors of the Constitutional Court by Paul Jacobson licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution
    ShareAlike 2.0 license;
✦   Slide 12: Balancing Act by zeebleoop (http://flickr.com/photos/zeebleoop/325400310/) licensed under a Creative
    Commons Attribution No Derivatives 2.0 license;
✦   Slide 13: Free Content for a Free Society! 7/12 by Matthias Mehldau (Creative Commons BY 2.0) at http://
    flickr.com/photos/wetterfrosch/130493617/;
✦   Slide 18: Sharing birthday cake by efleming (Creative Commons BY 2.0) at http://www.flickr.com/photos/efleming/
    237379252/;
✦   Slide 34: the conversation by polandeze (Creative Commons BY 2.0) at http://flickr.com/photos/polandeze/
    1206596658/;
✦   Slide 54: my fingerprint (index, left hand) (http://flickr.com/photos/fazen/3778408/) licensed under a Creative
    Commons Attribution 2.0 license;
✦   Slide 55: interview (http://flickr.com/photos/timsnell/1387723389/) licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution
    No-Derivatives 2.0 license.

    *All images used are available under license from iStockphoto.com, have been licensed under Creative Commons license or are in the public domain.
    Where the images are licensed under Creative Commons license, the license permits commercial use. Due to an error or pure laziness on my part, not all
    images are properly attributed in this presentation.




                                                                                                                                                             63

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Corporate Social Media Management Conference October 2008

  • 1. New Media: managing your legal risks 1
  • 2. Paul Jacobson Web and Digital Media Lawyer 2
  • 3. 3
  • 7. Issues to consider ... ✦ Freedom of expression ✦ Content licensing ✦ Privacy ✦ Unlawful competition 7
  • 8. (we call it “Freedom of Expression”) 8
  • 9. This is the right ... 9
  • 11. versus “Freedom of the press does not mean that the press is free to ruin a reputation or break a confidence, or to pollute the cause of justice or to do anything that is unlawful. However freedom of the press does mean that there should be no censorship. No unreasonable restraint should be placed on the press as to what they should publish.” 11
  • 12. It is all about balance 12
  • 14. 14
  • 15. What is copyright? ✦ Exclusive rights ✦ Works embodying intellectual content ✦ Authorise others ✦ Perform certain acts (for example, to exploit works for personal gain or profit) 15
  • 17. Fair dealing ✦ Use for judicial proceedings ✦ Quotations ✦ Illustrations for teaching ✦ Ephemeral copies ✦ Works delivered in public ✦ Reproductions in press or broadcast ✦ Official texts, political speeches, news of the day 17
  • 18. Is sharing caring under the Copyright Act? 18
  • 19. There is another option ... 19
  • 20. 20
  • 21. Creative Commons licenses are free licenses that permit a range of uses of content licensed under them Creative Commons licenses work within the framework established by Copyright http://creativecommons.org/about/licenses/meet- the-licenses 21
  • 22. 22
  • 23. 22
  • 24. How about a practical example 23
  • 25. 36 Ghosts IV by Nine Inch Nails released under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial ShareAlike 3.0 US license 24
  • 26. 25
  • 27. Free download (9 tracks) ✦ $5 download (all 4 albums, high quality)* ✦ $10 2 CD set (including download) ✦ $75 deluxe edition 2 CD, 1 DVD, 1 Blu-ray disc (don’t forget the downloads) ✦ $300 Ultra-deluxe edition superpack * I bought one one these ... and I am barely a fan 26
  • 29. 2 500 x $300 = $750 000 28
  • 30. $1 619 420 in the first week of sales* *According to Rolling Stone: http://www.rollingstone.com/rockdaily/index.php/2008/03/13/nine-inch-nails-ghosts-i-iv-makes-trent-reznor-an-instant-millionaire/ 29
  • 31. Oh, and NIN isn’t signed to a major record label 30
  • 32. and it isn’t just about the big bands 31
  • 36. The stick Restraint of trade provisions* Monitor data transfers and employee communications Disciplinary procedures Dismissals *Most definitely enforceable 35
  • 37. The carrot Participate in relationship building exercises with customers Look after employees Take an interest in who is saying what to whom 36
  • 38. Privacy 37
  • 39. Which of these do you use? 38
  • 40. How much do you publish online? 39
  • 41. What happens to what you publish online? 40
  • 42. 41
  • 44. or ... 43
  • 45. Read the terms of use 44
  • 46. 45
  • 47. Read the privacy policy 46
  • 48. Draw lines in the sand ✦ What information is most sensitive? ✦ Decide to never let that information out into the wild. ✦ Everything else is compromised and public. 47
  • 49. Claim your identity on the Web 48
  • 50. on the other hand you could be the provider ... 49
  • 51. in which case there are a couple things to bear in mind ... 50
  • 52. There are rules about gathering personal information 51
  • 53. “personal information”1 means information about an identifiable, natural person, and in so far as it is applicable, an identifiable, juristic person, including, but not limited to- a) information relating to the race, gender, sex, pregnancy, marital status, national, ethnic or social origin, colour, sexual orientation, age, physical or mental health, well-being, disability, religion, conscience, belief, culture, language and birth of the person; b) information relating to the education or the medical, criminal or employment history of the person or information relating to financial transactions in which the person has been involved; c) any identifying number, symbol or other particular assigned to the person; d) the address, fingerprints or blood type of the person; e) the personal opinions, views or preferences of the person, except where they are about another individual or about a proposal for a grant, an award or a prize to be made to another individual; f) correspondence sent by the person that is implicitly or explicitly of a private or confidential nature or further correspondence that would reveal the contents of the original correspondence; g) the views or opinions of another individual about the person; h) the views or opinions of another individual about a proposal for a grant, an award or a prize to be made to the person, but excluding the name of the other individual where it appears with the views or opinions of the other individual; and i) the name of the person where it appears with other personal information relating to the person or where the disclosure of the name itself would reveal information about the person; j) but excludes information about a natural person who has been dead, or a juristic person that has ceased to exist, for more than 20 years; Draft Protection of Personal Information Bill 52
  • 54. How would this affect you? 53
  • 55. Makes biometric security systems a little tricky 54
  • 56. Suddenly people’s opinions you may gather are protected as personal information 55
  • 57. Privacy can be tricky ... 56
  • 58. Do you have a privacy policy? 57
  • 59. 58
  • 60. Social media has tremendous potential provided you manage your risks effectively 59
  • 61. 60
  • 62. Paul Jacobson 083 444 8260 paulj@jacobson.co.za pauljacobson.org 61
  • 64. Selected image credits* ✦ Slide 3: Image by Cambodia4Kidsorg (http://www.flickr.com/photos/cambodia4kidsorg/354932362/) licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 license; ✦ Slide 6: Constitutional Court by Paul Jacobson licensed under Creative Commons Attribution ShareAlike 2.0 license; ✦ Slide 8: Free speech zone by mus (http://flickr.com/photos/mus/3457967/) licensed under Creative Commons Attribution ShareAlike 2.0 license; ✦ Slide 10: Doors of the Constitutional Court by Paul Jacobson licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution ShareAlike 2.0 license; ✦ Slide 12: Balancing Act by zeebleoop (http://flickr.com/photos/zeebleoop/325400310/) licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution No Derivatives 2.0 license; ✦ Slide 13: Free Content for a Free Society! 7/12 by Matthias Mehldau (Creative Commons BY 2.0) at http:// flickr.com/photos/wetterfrosch/130493617/; ✦ Slide 18: Sharing birthday cake by efleming (Creative Commons BY 2.0) at http://www.flickr.com/photos/efleming/ 237379252/; ✦ Slide 34: the conversation by polandeze (Creative Commons BY 2.0) at http://flickr.com/photos/polandeze/ 1206596658/; ✦ Slide 54: my fingerprint (index, left hand) (http://flickr.com/photos/fazen/3778408/) licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 license; ✦ Slide 55: interview (http://flickr.com/photos/timsnell/1387723389/) licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution No-Derivatives 2.0 license. *All images used are available under license from iStockphoto.com, have been licensed under Creative Commons license or are in the public domain. Where the images are licensed under Creative Commons license, the license permits commercial use. Due to an error or pure laziness on my part, not all images are properly attributed in this presentation. 63