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Toledo Valencia

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Historical Facts: Spanish transition
• Spain moved from the dictatorship of Francisco Franco to restoration of
the Spanish Monarchy
• Since 22 november 1975 until 29 december 1978
• The elections ,held on 15 June 1977, were the first democratic elections
since the Civil War.
• On December 6, 1978 the Spanish Constitution was approved by
referendum.

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Historical Facts: 23-F
• 23 of february 1981.
• State coup called “El Tejerazo”.
• The bursting into the Spanish Congress of
Deputies by a group of 200 armed officer
• King s intervention

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One actual political events or discussion
CORRUPTION
• Politicians: • Royal Family
PSOE:264 opened cases Iñaki Urdangarín charged with tax
evasion
PP: 200 opened cases

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One actual political events or discussion
Corruption map

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One actual political events or discussion
This was the answer of the people:
15M movement/ Spanish Revolution
Started on 15 May 2011
International Impact
Still working on the performance of human rights

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Economical situation: illustration buyfacts
The risk premium: 416 points Unemployement: 25%
(7/12/2012) We reach 5.778.100 people

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Economical situation: illustration buyfacts
Primary sector: Second sector:
• Agriculture • Derivated from
(cereal, wine)
primary sector (i.e.
• Livestock (sheeps) cheese or sugar)
• Car industry
• Quemical industry
• Construction
materials
• Metallurgy and iron
and steel industry
Third sector:
• Tourism (> 70% of the population works in this
sector in Balearics)
• Services (85% of the economy in Madrid)

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Social Problems
1- Austerity measures in Public Health Service:
• The introduction of co-payments for health care in pharmacies (prescription
payment based on income).
• No drugs for minor symptoms.
• Non registered foreign residents in Spain may only have access to emergency in
case of "serious illness or accident”.
• Payment of prosthesis-patient and non-emergency medical transport
• Doctors' salaries are reduced by 20%- 50% in many cases (disappearance of
Christmas bonuses)

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Consequences…
• Protest demonstrations of workers in the Public Health Service (Doctors, nurses,
cleaning staff in hospitals and health centers…) More than 70,000 just in the
capital, Madrid.
• Strikes all over the country. No privatization of public health

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2- Migration:
• Year 2012: first year in Spain with more Migration than Immigration.
• Given that the financial crisis and the unemployment rate of 25%, Spanish
students and workers decide to go abroad to find better options and a better
quality life level. (South America, the United States, rest of the countries in
Europe such as Italy, France, Germany or UK)
• Problems -> Not all families can afford to have one member abroad, low level
of languages and little work experience abroad to find a good job.

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Relations with neighboring
countries: Portugal
Positive points:
• Portugal and Spain are two countries that share history, culture and geography
• Many economic exchanges that allow the two economies to grow.
• Similar economies nowadays.
• Good relations thanks to the tourism (Spanish people who go to Portugal and
Portuguese people who go to Spain on holidays)

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Negative points:
• From the Portuguese point of view, Spain’s proximity has been permanently seen as a
threat to Portugal’s independence.
• From the Spanish side, Portugal seems so close to Spain that can not be considered as
a foreign country, but as part of a shared community, something that is not always well
received by the Portuguese.
• Portugal permanently tended to differentiation and Spain responded by approaching.
Here lies the root of misunderstanding.
• Important conflicts along history.
• Since the accession of the two countries to the
European Union in 1986, relations between the
two, both economic and political and cultural,
have narrowed in a fast and intense way.

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Spanish Famous People

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Cultural Characteristics
The twelve grapes of luck
• The last 12 seconds of the year 31 december. We eat one grape
for each second.
• This tradition started in Puerta del Sol (Madrid) in 1895.

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The Three Kings
• The night of 5 january the three kings cavalgade in each
village and city of Spain.
• The morning of 6 january children open and enjoy their
gifts.

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Balearic Islands

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SPANISH COSTUMES: CASTILLIAN JOTA COSTUME

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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KCmYLmLFe-0
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hhKpOz4SROE
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=azpxHbUyuOw