computer

1. Lakx.kd dh ljapuk dk;Z ,oa 'kks/k
esa vuqiz;ksx dh foospuk

2.  euq"; esa lwfu;ksftr dk;Z laiknu] thou’kSyh vkSj fujarj
[kkst o vfo’dkj djus dh izo`fr vf/kd rhoz gksrh gSA
 blh dkj.k euq"; us fofHkUu ;qxksa esa u;s&u;s vfo"dkj
djrs gq;s ekuo tkfr dks ,d fodflr :Ik fn;k gSaA
bu lHkh esa ls ,d gS dEI;wVj e’khu
vkSj blls lacaf/kr lHkh rduhdksa ds
fodkl us fodkl nj dks mRizsfjr
fd;k gS vkSj fodkl dks ,d bZdkbZ
,oa vfr rhoz xfr iznku dh gSA

3.  dEI;wVj ,d bysDVªkfud e'khu gS tks funsZs'kksa ds
fua;=.k esa MkVk ij Process dj ifj.kke izLrqr djrh gSA
 dEI;wVj esa MkVk Lohdkj djus ds fy;s Input
Device gksrh gS tcfd ifj.kke dks izLrqr djus ds fy;s
Output device gksrh gS A
 Processing dk dk;Z ftl Device eas gksrk gS mls
CPU dgrs gS A
dEI;wVj ,d bysDVªkfud ;qfDr gS tks xf.krh; x.kuk dj
ldrh gS ,oa rkfdZd QSlyss ldrh gS A

4. daI;wVj ds fo’ks"krk,sa
1 xfr
2 'kq)rk
3 laxzg.k
4 fo’olfu;rk
daI;wVj dh lhek,a
1 cqf)erk dh deh
2 vuqHko dh deh
3 Lo;a dh =qfV dks ugh lq/kkj ldrk gS

5. 'kks/k ds vuqiz;ksx
1 'kks/k dk lexz dk;Z ,e ,l vkWfQl ds }kjk gksrk gS A
2 'kks/k esa lexz fooj.k dk o.kZu ,e ,l vkWfQl ds }kjk gksrk gSA
3 'kks/k isij ok dk;Z dk Vad.k ,e ,l oMZ ij fd;k tkrk gSaA
4 'kks/k ls lacaf/kr fnukad le; Vscy vkfn cukus dk dk;Z ,e ,l
,Dlsy esa fd;k tkrk gSA
5 ,e ,l ,Dlsy ds }kjk xf.krh; fu;e laca/kh dk;Z gy fd;s tkrs gSA
6 fdlh Hkh izdkj dh x.kuk dk dk;Z ,e ,l ,Dlsy esa fd;k tkrk gS
rFkk blesa Vscy cukus dk dk;Z Hkh fd;k tkrk gSA
7 ikWoj IokbaV esa iztsUVs’ku izLrqr fd;k tkrk gS ftlesa lexz lkexzh
dks LykbM ds ek/;e ls izLrqr fd;k tkrk gSa

6. ;fn vklku :i esa lkspk tk, rks dEI;wVj dks fuEu pkj
Hkkxksa esa ckaV ldrs gSA
 buiqV midj.k
 lsUVªsy izkslsfalax ;wfuV
 vkmViqV midj.k
 eseksjh
buiqV ;qfuV. ;g unit MkVk vkSj instruction dks dEI;wVj ds
vanj ys tkus ds dk;Z dks laiUu djrh gSA buiqV ;qfuV ds }kjk
gh MkVk vkSj instruction command e'khu ds le>us yk;d
Hkk"kk esa convert gksrs gSA blesa data computer dh eseksjh ls
electric pulses ds :i esa transmit gksrs gSA

8. lsUVªsy izkslsfalax ;wfuV. lsUVªy izkslsflax ;wfuV dEI;wVj dk fnekx gksrk
gS bldk eq[; dk;Z izksxke dks execute djuk gSA CPU dEI;wVj
ds lHkh Hkkxksa tSls & memory, input or output device ds
dk;ksZ dks fu;af=r djrk gS A Program vkSj Data blds fu;a=.k
esa eseksjh esa LVksj gksrs gSA blh ds fu;a=.k esa output screen ij
fn[kkbZ nsrk gS ;k printer ij print gS A
vkmViqV ;qfuV. bldk dk;Z buiqV ;qfuV ds fcYdqy foijhr gSA ;g
ifj.kke nsrk gSA ;g CPU }kjk Hksts x;s ifj.kke dks accept djrk
gSA vkSj ;g ifj.kke dks euq"; ds le>us yk;d Hkk"kk esa ifjofrZr djrk
gSA
Storage memory computer dk dk;Zdkjh laxzg
(working storage) gSA