Storytelling for Summarizing Collections in Web Archives
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Yasmin AlNoamany Michele C. Weigle Michael L. Nelson Old Dominion University Web Science and Digital Libraries Group @WebSciDL This work is supported in part by IMLS LG-71-15-0077 CNI Spring 2016 2016-04-05
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Storytelling for Summarizing Collections in Web Archives
- 1. Storytelling for Summarizing Collections in Web Archives Yasmin AlNoamany Michele C. Weigle Michael L. Nelson Old Dominion University Web Science and Digital Libraries Group @WebSciDL This work is supported in part by IMLS LG-71-15-0077 CNI Spring 2016 2016-04-05 1
- 2. IMLS-Funded Research 1. Use small “stories” to summarize much larger collections of archived web pages – big small 2. Generate web archive collections by mining user-generated stories for seed URIs – small big http://ws-dl.blogspot.com/2015/10/2015-10-07-imls-and-nsf-fund-web.html 2
- 3. Archive-It, a subscription-based service, hosts curated web collections 3 > 3,000 collections > 400 partners > 10B archived pages
- 4. 4 Collection title Collection categorization according to the curator Seed URI Metadata about the collection Text search box The group that the resource belongs to List of the seed URIs Timespan of the resource and the number of times it has been captured
- 5. Problem: Collection understanding and collection summarization are not currently supported Not easy to answer “what’s in that collection?” 5
- 6. There is more than one collection about the Egyptian Revolution 6 • “2010-2011 Arab Spring” https://archive-it.org/collections/3101 • “North Africa & the Middle East 2011-2013” https://archive-it.org/collections/2349 • “Egypt Revolution and Politics” https://archive-it.org/collections/2358
- 7. (1000s of Seeds X 1000s of Mementos) + Dimension of Time == Conventional Vis Methods Not Applicable 7 Using Timelines, Treemaps, etc.: http://ws-dl.blogspot.com/2012/08/2012-08-10-ms-thesis-visualizing.html
- 9. Stories in Literature Story elements: setting, characters, sequence, exposition, conflict, climax, resolution 9 Once upon a time… http://www.learner.org/interactives/story/
- 10. Stories in social media 10 “It's hard to define a story, but I know it when I see it” (Alexander, 2008) A sampling and arrangement of web resources for summarization.
- 11. Collection == thematic sample from the Web Story == arranged sample from the collection S 1 S 2 S 3 S 4 S 2 S 1 S 3 Collection Y S 3 S 2 S 1 Collection Z Collection X 11 We sample k mementos from N pages of the collection to create a summary story
- 12. Collections have two dimensions 12 Time URI
- 13. Fixed Pages, Fixed Time R1 R1 R1 R1 t1 t3t2 t5t4 t6 13
- 14. Fixed Page, Fixed Time 14 A desktop Chrome user-agent http://www.cnn.com/2014/02/24/world/africa/egypt- politics/index.html?hpt=wo_c2 Andriod Chrome user-agent http://www.cnn.com/2014/02/24/world/africa/egypt- politics/index.html?hpt=wo_c2 First Steps in Archiving the Mobile Web: Automated Discovery of Mobile Websites, JCDL 2013: https://www.harding.edu/fmccown/pubs/jcdlsp182-schneider.pdf A Method for Identifying Personalized Representations in Web Archives, D-Lib Magazine, 2013: http://www.dlib.org/dlib/november13/kelly/11kelly.html
- 15. Fixed Page, Sliding Time R R R R R R t1 t3t2 t5t4 t6 15
- 16. Feb 1 Feb 1 Feb 2 Feb 4 Feb 5 Feb 7 Feb 9 Feb 11 Feb 11 16
- 17. Sliding Page, Fixed Time R1 R2 R3 R4 t1 t3t2 t5t4 t6 17
- 18. Feb. 11, 2011 Mubarak resigns 18
- 19. Sliding Page, Sliding Time R1 R2 R1 R3 R4 R2 t1 t3t2 t5t4 t6 19
- 20. Jan 27 Jan 31 Feb 7Feb 4 Feb 11 Feb 11 Feb 2 Jan 25 Feb 10 20
- 21. 21 What do stories in Storify look like? “Characteristics of Social Media Stories”, TPDL 2015 http://www.cs.odu.edu/~mln/pubs/tpdl-2015/tpdl-2015-stories.pdf
- 22. What is the length of a story (the number of resources per story)? • This story has 31 resources 22 1 3 2
- 23. What are the types of resources that compose a story? • This story has – 19 quotes – 8 images – 4 videos 23 Quotes Video
- 24. What are the most frequently used domains? • This story uses: – 90% twitter.com – 7% instagram.com – 3% facebook.com 24 Twitter.com Twitter.com Twitter.com
- 25. What differentiates a popular story? 25 19,795 views 64 views
- 26. (skipping many details, see TPDL 2015 paper) 26
- 27. We should create stories with: • ~28 pages • moar images! • where possible, select pages from social media, news, blogs • additional dimensions of quality: – are well archived (e.g., not missing images, stylesheets) – generate nice summaries in the Storify interface 27
- 28. Stories from collections about the Egyptian Revolution 28 https://storify.com/yasmina85/auto-stories-from-archived-collections-56fbc3d1b8d27c6f6571c647 https://storify.com/yasmina85/auto-stories-from-archived-collections-5702ff8f228eede273d49c21 https://storify.com/yasmina85/auto-stories-from-archived-collections-5702c7f1228eede273d48ddf
- 29. Evaluation: can humans tell human generated stories from machine generated? 29 https://storify.com/yasmina85/this-is-manually-generated-story-from-archive-it-c-56b25ae72c0664474ee34f13 https://storify.com/yasmina85/auto-stories-from-archived-collections-56f1cfd36bc660f47f1b9f5e
- 30. Use an interface people already know how to use to summarize collections 30 Archived collectionsStorytelling services Archived enriched stories more info: https://github.com/yasmina85/OffTopic-Detection http://ws-dl.blogspot.com/2015/09/2015-09-28-tpdl-2015-in-poznan-poland.html http://ws-dl.blogspot.com/2015/08/2015-08-20-odu-l3s-stanford-and.html
Notes de l'éditeur
- What we mean here by Storytelling here is using visualizations to put a set of web pages from web archives in a narrative structure, ordered by time
- First deployed in 2006, Archive-It is a subscription web archiving service from the Internet Archive that helps organizations to harvest, build, and preserve collections of digital content.
- Lori created the collections and entered metadata about them,description, title, etc Collection level metadata but it doesn’t help a lot Archive-It provides faceted browsing and search services on the resulting collection
- , there are about 3 or 4 collections about egyptian revolution in Archive-it, If I want to know about the egy rev, which collection should I browse?? Collection is two dimensions <<URIs, and copies of these URIs>> Historian with more than one collection will not know where to start
- Every story is made up of a set of events. We use ``story'' in its current, loose context of social media, which is sometimes missing elements from the more formal literary tradition of dramatic structure, morality, humor, improvisation, etc What we mean here by Storytelling here is using visualizations to put a set of web pages from web archives in a narrative structure, ordered by time
- Story def. in social media much looser and more relaxed. Storytelling may be seen as the set of cultural practices for representing events chronologically.
- So if this is the web, the archived collections are subsets from the web, we will sample from these collections to create a story…..
- http://www.cnn.com/2014/02/24/world/africa/egypt-politics/index.html?hpt=wo_c2 http://america.aljazeera.com/ Personalized Web resources offer different representations based on the user-agent string and other values in the HTTP request headers, GeoIP, and other environmental factors. Currently web archives don’t support browsing different representation. This means Web crawlers capturing content for archives may receive representations based on the crawl environment which will differ from the representations returned to the interactive users.
- http://wayback.archive-it.org/2358/20110211191423/http://news.blogs.cnn.com/category/world/egypt-world-latest-news/ http://wayback.archive-it.org/2358/*/http://news.blogs.cnn.com/category/world/egypt-world-latest-news/
- Here
- Here is feb 11 from different news sites https://wayback.archive-it.org/2358/20110211074248/http://www.globalpost.com/dispatch/egypt/110210/mubarak-resign-obama-egypt https://wayback.archive-it.org/2358/20110211191445/http://www.cnn.com/ https://wayback.archive-it.org/2358/20110211192204/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-12433045 https://wayback.archive-it.org/2358/20110211192142/http://www.modernegypt.info/ https://wayback.archive-it.org/2358/20110211191423/http://news.blogs.cnn.com/category/world/egypt-world-latest-news/ https://wayback.archive-it.org/2358/20110211191423/http://www.arabist.net/ https://wayback.archive-it.org/2358/20110211194239/http://www.globalpost.com/dispatch/egypt/110211/mubarak-quits-resigns-egypt-cairo
- And here I want to get the broadest coverage possible for the egyptian revolution
- Our research question is What are the structural characteristics of popular (i.e., receiving the most views) human-generated stories? We answer the following questions:
- the top 25% of views, normalized by time available on the web
- So what we want to do is to create persistent stories then visualize them using storytelling tool that users already know about, such as storify. So we will integrate the story telling servises and the archived collections to generate archived enriched stories.