Study and Forecast of OLEDs as Display and Lighting Solutions

1. FUTURE OF OLED
AS
LIGHTING SOLUTION
SHAMEER P.HAMSAhshameer@gmail.com

2. 1. OLED TECHNOLOGY- A
REVIEW
2. METHODOLOGY
3. FORECASTING RESULTS
AND DISCUSSIONS
4. CONCLUSION
FUTURE OF OLEDS AS
LIGHTING SLOUTION

3. This Section deals with
 Basics of Luminescence
 Evolution and Types of Light
Bulbs
 OLED technology
OLED TECHNOLOGY- A REVIEW

4. Basics of Luminescence
 Light is a form of Energy.
 To create light, another form of
energy must be supplied
 There are two common ways for this
to occur:
 Incandescence
 Luminescence

5. INCANDESCENT
 LIGHT from HEAT.
 If you heat something to a high enough
temperature, it will begin to glow.
 Sun and other Stars...
 Incandescent Bulbs, Halogen bulbs..

6. LUMINESCENCE
 COOL LIGHT
 Caused by movement of electrons from
more energetic state to less energetic state.
 Chemiluminescence, Electroluminescence,
Bioluminescence….
 Fluorescence &Phosphorescence

7. FLUORESCENCE
PHOSPHORESCE
NCE
 The luminescence caused by
absorption of some form of radiant
energy, and ceases as soon as the
radiation causing it has stopped.
 The luminescence continues after
the radiation causing it has stopped.

8. TYPES &EVOLUTION OF LAMPS

9. TYPES OF LAMPS
 INCANDESCENT LAMPS
 HALOGEN LAMPS
 FLUORESCENT LAMPS
 COMPACT FLLORESCENT LAMPS
 HIGH INTENSITY DISCHARGE LAMPS
 LOW PRESSURE SODIUM LAMPS
 SOLID STATE LIGHTING

10. EVOLUTION OF LAMPS

11. IN TERMS OF LUMINOUS EFFICACY

12. DEALS WITH
what is an OLED?
structure of OLED,
working principle of OLED
its applications and advantages.
OLED TECHNOLOGY

13. What is an OLED ?
 OLEDs are energy conversion devices
based on ELECTROLUMINESCENCE.
 OLEDs are organic because they are made
from carbon and hydrogen.
 made by placing a series of organic thin
films between two conductors.

14. background
 The first observations of electroluminescence in
organic materials were in the early 1950s by A.
Bernanose and co-workers at the Nancy-
Université, France.
 M. Pope and co-workers discovered electro-
luminescence in organic semiconductors in
1963.
Unfortunately, their high operating voltages
(>1000V) prohibited them from becoming
practical devices.

15. However, the scene changed when..
 Chin Tang and Van Slyke
introduced the first light emitting
diodes from thin organic layers at
Eastman Kodak in 1987.
 In 1990 electroluminescence in
polymers was discovered at
Cavendish Laboratory, Cambridge
University by Friend and co-
workers.

16. then..
 2000 - Alan G. MacDiarmid, Alan J. Heeger,
and Hideki Shirakawa of University of
Pennsylvania received Nobel Prize in chemistry
for “The discovery and development of
conductive organic polymer”.
 1999- The First OLED display on market.
 2008- The first OLED lighting fixture was
introduced by OSRAM.

17. OLED is a solid-state semiconductor device that is 100 to 500
nanometres thick or about 200 times smaller than a human hair.
OLEDs can have either two layers or three layers of organic material.
STRUCTURE OF OLED

18. structure
 Substrate (clear plastic, glass, foil) -
The substrate supports the OLED.
 Anode (transparent) - The anode removes
electrons (adds electron "holes") when a
current flows through the device.
 Cathode (may or may not be transparent
depending on the type of OLED) - The
cathode injects electrons when a current
flows through the device.

19. structure
 Organic layers:
 Conducting layer- made of organic plastic
molecules that transport "holes" from the anode.
One conducting polymer used in OLEDs is
polyaniline.
 Emissive layer - made of organic plastic
molecules (different ones from the conducting
layer) that transport electrons from the cathode;
this is where light is made. One polymer used in
the emissive layer is polyfluorene.

20. HOW IT WORKS..
 The battery or power supply of the device
containing the OLED applies a voltage
across the OLED.
 An electrical current flows from the
cathode to the anode through the organic
layers
 At the boundary between the emissive
and the conductive layers, electrons find
electron holes.
 The OLED emits light

21. TYPES OF OLEDS
 SMALL
DISPLAYS
 LARGE
PMOLED AMOLED WHITE OLED
 LIGHTING
SOLUTIONS

22. APPLICATIONS

23. The essential requirements of present generation displays are
reproduction of good light quality, brightness, contrast,
improved colour variation, high resolution, low weight,
reduction in thickness, reduction in cost, low power
consumption. All these features can be seen in the OLED
devices. OLEDs offer many advantages over both LCDs and
LEDs
OLED DISPLAYS

24. Applications
 Televisions
 Cell Phone screens
 Watches
 Computer Screens
 Digital Camera
 Portable Device displays

25. OLED DISPLAYS
 Thinner, lighter and flexible.

26. OLED DISPLAYS
 BRIGHTER!!
 The organic layers of an OLED
are much thinner than the
corresponding inorganic crystal
layers of an LED.
 Also, LEDs and LCDs require
glass for support, and glass
absorbs some light. OLEDs do
not require glass.

27. OLED DISPLAYS
 LARGE FIELD OF VIEW.

28. OLED DISPLAYS
 FAST RESPONSE TIME
LCDOLED

29. OLEDs are an entirely new way for architects,
designers, system integrators, planners and
luminaire makers to create with light. OLED
devices are ultra-flat and emit very homogeneous
light. The OLED grants a high degree of design
freedom to users. By combining colour with
shape OLEDs offer an exciting new way of
decorating and personalizing surroundings with
light.
OLED lighting SOLUTIONS

30.  Mood Lighting
 Object Illumination
 General Illumination
applications

31.  Non-glaring area light source.
 High quality white light. (CRI 80)
 Requires less power (Low voltage DC(2-10 v))
 Mercury free, RoHS conform.
 High luminous efficacy.
 Light weight (˜ 24 gm)
advantages

32. OLED AND OTHERS ….

33. WHOALLAREIN
THEFIELD..
Source:
HENDY

34. The key players
 GE
 PHILIPS
 OSRAM
 KONICA MINOLTA
 MOSER BAER
 LUMIOTEC
 VERBATIM OLED
 LEDON OLED
 PANASONIC IDEMITSU
OLED
 LG CHEM.
 SMD
 NEC LIGHTING

35. WHY OLEDs…
 Lighting
 Incandescent bulbs are inefficient !
 Fluorescent bulbs give off ugly light !!
 Ordinary LEDs are bright points; not versatile !!!
 Displays: Significant advantages over liquid crystals
 Faster!
 Brighter!!
 Lower power!!!
OLEDs may be better on all counts 

36. A. OLED DISPLAY
FORECAST
B. OLED LIGHTING
FORECAST
FORECASTING*
* The Forecasting was done in

37.  Forecasting was done using
the number of patents filed
each year.
FORECASTING
OLED DISPLAY TECHNOLOGY

38. S-CURVEOF OLEDDISPLAYTECHNOLOGY
WIDESCREEN
PICTURES

39. PHASES OF LIFE
EMEREGNT PHASE : up to 2004
GROWTH PHASE : 2004-2015
MATURITY PHASE : 2015-2020
SATURATION PHASE : 2021-

40. INFERENCE:
 The Technology is
currently in its end of
growth phase.
 Will enter its mature
stage by 2015.
 Uncertainty is reduced.
 High Competition .
 The mainstream technology
in small screen displays.
 Best time for the Industry
players to enter the market.
R & D MARKET

41.  Forecasting was done using
the number of patents filed
each year.
OLED LIGHTING TECHNOLOGY

42. S-CURVE OF OLED LIGHTING TECHNOLOGY

43. PHASES OF LIFE
EMEREGNT PHASE : up to 2015
GROWTH PHASE : 2015-2025
MATURITY PHASE : 2025-2034
SATURATION PHASE : 2034-

44. INFERENCE:
 OLED Lighting
technology is still in its
emergence phase.
 Huge investments are
required.
 Less Competition.
 High Opportunities.
 For Newcomers, this is
the best (sometimes the
only ) phase to enter
the market.
R & D MARKET

45. CONCLUSIONS
The OLED technology in Display Sector will enter its maturity
stage by 2015.
For small size displays OLED will be the mainstream technology.
The competition will be in an increasing mode.
For companies already present in the industry this may be a good
phase to enter the market. But, for the newcomers it will be
almost impossible.

46. CONCLUSIONS
The OLED Lighting technology is still in its emerging
phase.
There is an uncertainty about the market.
For newcomers this phase is often the only phase to
enter the new market.
The concerned industrial players can opt for investing in
research and development activities.
If the companies are still in confusion to invest in this
field, its better for them to go for joint ventures.