1. FOOD AND ENERGY
FACT OR FICTION?
a. Athletes need more proteins in their diets.
b. The only salt in food is the one you add to
it.
c. As a part of a healthy diet, everyone
should take vitamin supplements.
d. You can go without water for longer than
you can go without food.
2. WHY IS FOOD NEEDED?
• Remember homeostasis?
• FOOD PROVIDES ENERGY
THAT IS NEEDED AND THE
MATERIALS NECESSARY TO
GROW AND REPAIR
TISSUES.
• NUTRIENTS: Substances in food that
provide the raw materials and energy
the body needs to carry out all the
essential processes.
3. NUTRIENTS
• SIX KINDS: • To measure energy, the
– Carbohydrates unit is calorie.
– Fats • 1 cal = the amount of
– Proteins energy necessary to
– Vitamins raise 1oC 1g of water.
– Minerals
• 1 Calorie = 1000 cal
– Water
• The more calories, the
more energy.
4. CARBOHYDRATES (CHO’s)
• Composed of Carbon, Hydrogen and
Oxygen
• Major source of energy:
– 1g CHO’s = 4000 calories
• Recommended ingestion: 50-60% of
total Calories needed as CHO’s
• Classified in: Simple and Complex.
5.
6.
7. FATS
• High energy nutrients made of
Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen; but has
more than twice the energy of
carbohydrates.
• Classified as:
– Unsaturated: Liquid at room temperature.
– Saturated: Solid at room temperature.
• No more than 30% of the Calories in your
diet should come from fats.
8.
9. PROTEINS
• Nutrients that contain Nitrogen as
well as Carbon, Hydrogen and
Oxygen. These are needed for
tissue growth and repair.
• Found in meat, poultry, fish, lentils
and dairy products.
• 12% of your diet should come from
proteins.
• Made of Amino Acids (AA’s): 20
different make up all proteins.
• Essential AA’s: Comes only from
food.
• Complete/Incomplete: Depend on
the number of AA’s in them.
10. NEEDED IN SMALL AMOUNTS…
VITAMINS MINERALS
• Act as helper molecules • Nutrients NOT made by
in chemical reactions living things.
inside the body. • Found in plants or animals
• Water-soluble: You need that eat plants.
to ingest them daily • Examples:
• Fat soluble: Can be – Calcium Chlorine
stored in fatty tissue. – Fluorine Iodine
– Potassium Iron
– Magnesium Phosphorus
– Sodium
11.
12.
13.
14. WATER
• Makes up about 65-
70% of our body
weight.
• Needed for:
– Digestion
– Body fluids DRINK 2 LITERS A DAY
(saliva, blood, sweat
)
– Cell transport, etc.
15. THE FOOD GUIDE PYRAMID
• Classifies food into six groups and indicates how many
servings from each group should be eaten every day.
16. FOOD LABELS
• Tells you in
numbers, the
nutrient content
of a food so you
can evaluate
and compare.