Design Considerations for 1MW Solar PV Power Plant

1. 1 MW SCALE SOLAR PV
POWER PLANT
By: Piyush Charan
Assistant Professor, Integral University, Lucknow

2. Background
 Solar energy is free source of energy
 Solar radiation on earth surface per hour is equal to total
power consumption of earth for whole year.
 Grid power in India is polluting, unreliable and inefficient
 Solar energy is a renewable, clean alternative to fossil
fuels.
 solar energy is converted into electricity by using either
photo-voltaic or solar thermal

3. A modest 2.5kw solar power system can have over its
lifetime equivalent to
300 barrels of oil not produced
270,000 miles not driven
1,100 lbs of acid rain emissions not discharged
550 lbs of smog emissions not produced
220,000 lbs of greenhouse gases not emitted
equivalent to planting 500 trees.
Solar Energy vs Conventional Energ

4. •Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission (MNRE, Govt of
India) launched in, 2010 by the Prime Minister, a target of
deploying 20,000 MW of grid connected solar power by
2022. It is enhanced by new government to 100,000 MW.
Target by 2022 Old Revised
•Solar power 20,000 MW 100,000 MW
•Wind Energy 38500 MW 60,000 MW
• Others 13500 MW 15,000 MW
•Total 72,000 MW 175,000 MW
(Installed capacity of india as on April 2015 : 274,818 MW including renewable Energy
35,777 MW) Source: cea.nic.in powermin.nic.in

5. Incentives to Solar power plant
• Various incentives offered by central and state government, few
of them are
• Benefit in land registration for solar power plant
• 15-30 % subsidy for sanctioned project for equipments.
• Support in grid connectivity
• Depreciation benefits

6. 1MW SPV Power Plant : Initial
costing
Sr NoItem Unit @ rate Cost
(lac)
1 Land 6 Acre 600000 36
2 Modules 1100000 Watt 33 363
3 Civil Structure 60,500 Kg 66 44
4 Inverter 1100000 VA 11 121
5 Transformer 1 27,00,000 27
6 Protective devices 1 10
7 Wires, Cables 10
8 SCADA/RMS 10
9 Installation 10
10 Legal & official work 24
11 Grid Evacuation 10
12 Execution & commisioning 30
Total 695

7. 1MW SPV Power Plant:
Financial
Plant Capacity 1000 KW
Plant Cost (in lacs) 0.695 lac/KW 695
Equity 30% 208.5
Debt 70% 486.5
Interst rate 12% 1.01
Payment Period (yrs) 9 108
EMI 7.3871
Maintenance & Manpower 3%
P V of Inverter Cost 132
Price reduction rate of
Inverter 2%
• Area Shade free 3 Acre Only 80% of the input area is considered to adjust for potential
shaded areas
• Maintenance & Manpower 4% of project cost, with annual escalation of 5%
• Inverter lifespan is 10 years, with 2.00% annual cost reduction (110 % of capacity, @Rs
11/W)
• Accelerated depreciation is at 80.00%. It is assumed that the entire benefit of accelerated
depreciation can be claimed
• Corporate tax rate 35%
• Plant generation 4.7 kWh per KW per day, with 1% annual panel degradation and 10%
losses10%
• Debt service calculation assumes 70.00% debt; 2.00% interest rate; 9-year loan term with
no moratorium; repayable monthly through EMI
• Tariff 7.5 /KWH through PPA for 12 years
• Annual inflation 7%

8. 1MW SPV Power Plant : Financial in lacs
Year
Plant Expenditure
Net
Yearly
Expend
Generation
return
by
power
selling
REC
Return
@
3000/
MWH
Net
Return
Present
value
of Net
return
Equity/
Inverter
replacem
ent
Mainten
ance
Debt
Int
Debt
Prin
Power
Unit
(MWH)
Tariff
Rs per
KWH
earning
0 208.50 -208.50
-
208.50
-208.50 -208.50
1 20.85 56.66 31.99 -109.50 1478 7.50 110.85 1.35 1.35 1.27
2 21.89 52.60 36.04 -110.54 1463 7.50 109.73 -0.81 44.00 43.19 37.72
3 22.99 48.03 40.61 -111.63 1449 7.50 108.68 -2.96 43.00 40.04 32.69
4 24.14 42.88 45.77 -112.78 1434 7.50 107.55 -5.23 43.00 37.77 28.81
5 25.34 37.08 51.57 -113.99 1420 7.50 106.50 -7.49 43.00 35.51 25.32
6 26.61 30.54 58.11 -115.26 1406 7.50 105.45 -9.81 42.00 32.19 21.45
7 27.94 23.17 65.48 -116.59 1392 7.50 104.40 -12.19 42.00 29.81 18.57
8 29.34 14.86 73.78 -117.98 1378 7.50 103.35 -14.63 41.00 26.37 15.35
9 30.80 5.50 83.14 -119.45 1364 7.50 102.30 -17.15 41.00 23.85 12.97
10 108.29 32.35 0.00 0.00 -140.63 1350 7.50 101.25 -39.38 41.00 1.62 0.82
11 33.96 -33.96 1337 7.50 100.28 66.31 40.00 106.31 50.51
12 35.66 -35.66 1324 7.50 99.30 63.64 40.00 103.64 46.02

9. 1MW SPV Power Plant : Financial in lacs
Year
Plant Expenditure
Net
Yearly
Expen
Generation
return
by
power
selling
REC
Return
@
3000/
MWH
Net
Return
Presen
t value
of Net
return
Equity/
Inverter
replace
ment
Mainten
ece
Debt
Int
Debt
Prin
Power
Unit
(MWH)
Tariff
Rs per
KWH
earning
13 37.44 -37.44 1310 10.00 131.00 93.56 39.00 132.56 55.01
14 39.32 -39.32 1297 10.00 129.70 90.38 39.00 129.38 50.18
15 41.28 -41.28 1284 10.00 128.40 87.12 39.00 126.12 45.71
16 43.35 -43.35 1271 10.00 127.10 83.75 38.00 121.75 41.24
17 45.51 -45.51 1259 10.00 125.90 80.39 38.00 118.39 37.48
18 47.79 -47.79 1246 10.00 124.60 76.81 37.00 113.81 33.67
19 50.18 -50.18 1234 10.00 123.40 73.22 37.00 110.22 30.48
20 88.83 52.69 -141.52 1221 10.00 122.10 -19.42 37.00 17.58 4.54
21 55.32 -55.32 1209 10.00 120.90 65.58 36.00 101.58 24.53
22 58.09 -58.09 1197 10.00 119.70 61.61 36.00 97.61 22.03
23 60.99 -60.99 1185 10.00 118.50 57.51 36.00 93.51 19.73
24 64.04 -64.04 1173 10.00 117.30 53.26 35.00 88.26 17.40
25 67.24 -67.24 1161 10.00 116.10 48.86 35.00 83.86 15.45
405.62 995.11 311.31 486.50-2198.54 32842.00 220.002864.33 665.79 942.001607.79 480.44

10. 1MW SPV Power Plant :
Financial
• Initial Investment : 6.950 crore
Equity : 2.085 crore
Debt : 4.865 crore
• Present Value of Investment : 12.56 crore
• Present Value of earning (PPA & REC) : 17.36 crore
• Present Value of Profit before tax :4.80 crore
• Payback period : 6 years
• Levelized cost of power : Rs 3.28/unit
• After payback period capacity enhancement of another 1 MW in same land can be
done with maintenance covered by first project
(conservative estimate of earning is made. No incentive by government is considered
in investment)