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Revamping of SEBI Regulations: A move towards ensuring lucidity in the Regime
NEW DELISTING NORMS: A Boost for Promoters as well as Retail Investors 
SEBI’s Delisting Arena: 
SEBI (Delisting of Equity Shares) Regulations, 2009 
(Notified on June 10, 2009)
What is Delisting ? 
•“Delisting”istotallythereverseoflisting.Todelistmeanspermanentremovalofsecuritiesofalistedcompanyfromastockexchange.Asaconsequenceofdelisting,thesecuritiesofthatcompanywouldnolongerbetradeableatthatstockexchange. 
•"Delisting"i.e.thesaidremovalfromaStockExchange,maybeVoluntary(i.e.atthewilloftheCompany)orCompulsory(i.e.outofapenalactionbytheStockExchanges, forthereasonofanyviolations/lapses). 
DELISTING 
STOCK EXCHANGES 
COMPANY
Brief History: The Evolution of Delisting Regulations 
oIn1979,videcircularNo.F6/9/SE/78datedJune28,1979issuedbytheMinistryofFinance,delistingofcompanieswaspermittedsubjecttocertaincriteriabeing 
satisfiedbytheconcernedcompany. 
oSEBIvidecirculardatedApril29,1998laiddownaframeworkforvoluntaryor 
compulsorydelistingofsecuritiesfromtheStockExchanges. 
oSubsequently,SEBIcameoutwithSEBI(DelistingofSecurities)Guidelines, 2003. 
oThereafter,SEBI(DelistingofEquityShares)Regulations,2009("thesaid 
Regulations")wasnotifiedonJune10,2009.
Reasons for Delisting 
For 
Smaller & undervalued Companies 
Other Companies 
maintaining a listing status entails various costs which may no longer be justifiable. 
maintainingalistingstatusinvolvesvariousongoingcostsrelatingtofinancialreportingrequirements,ad- hocdisclosures,investorrelationsandtheincreaseddemandsonmanagementtodevelopagood 
relationshipwithanalystsandinvestors.
How to Delist??
Why there is a need to review Delisting Regulations?? 
Minorityshareholdersholdingsignificantstakeexercisedisproportionatepowersindeterminingexitprice; 
Parkingofshareswithfriendlyinvestors/Tacitunderstandingbetweenmarketparticipants; 
Destabilizationofprocessbyputtingunreasonablebids. 
Issueshighlighted: 
Pricediscoverymechanism 
Lackofsufficientdemand/EnhancingparticipationinRBB 
Shorteningofprocess 
ThresholdLimit 
Delistingofsmallcompanies 
IndicativeTimelinestocompletethedelistingprocess
Main Highlights of New Delisting Norms vis-à-vis Extant Norms 
AsperextantRegulations,theDelistingOfferbeconsideredsuccessfulonlywhenthepostofferholdingofthePromoterreachesthehigherofthefollowing: 
When Delisting Offer be considered successful? 
90% of the total issued shares of that class 
Pre-Offer Promoter Holding + 50% of the Offer Size. 
Rationale 
To address the concern of informal arrangements or parking with friendly investors
Main Highlights of New Delisting Norms vis-à-vis Extant Norms Contd… 
Extant Delisting Norms 
Proposed Delisting Norms 
Final Price= Price at which maximum number of shares are tendered by the Public Shareholders 
Final Price= Price at which shareholding of the Promoter plus shares tendered by the public shareholders reaches the threshold limit of 90%
Determination of Final Exit Price 
ExitpricedeterminedthroughReverseBookBuilding(RBB)tobethehighestpriceatwhichthepromotertouchesthethresholdof90%insteadofthepriceatwhichthemaximumnumberofsharesaretendered: 
Bid price (Rs.) 
No. of investors 
Demand 
(no. of shares) 
Cumulative Demand 
(no. of shares) 
550 
5 
2,50,000 
2,50,000 
565 
8 
4,00,000 
6,50,000 
575 
10 
2,00,000 
8,50,000 
585 
4 
4,00,000 
12,50,000 
595 
6 
1,20,000 
13,70,000 
600 
5 
1,30,000 
15,00,000 
605 
3 
2,10,000 
17,10,000 
620 
1 
5,00,000 
25,00,000 
Exit price as per the proposal 
Exit price as per the existing framework 
Rationale-To ensure that a single investor does not dictate the price for delisting 
Promoter shareholding = 75,00,000 shares 
Public shareholding = 25,00,000 shares 
Min Tendering = 15,00,000 shares 90% threshold limit for successful Delisting
Determination of Exit Price and Exiting No. 
Acquirertoreach90%ofthetotalshareholdingforsuccessfuldelistinginsteadof(90%oftotalorpromotershareholdingplus50%ofremainingoffersize,whicheverishigher)asexisting; 
Rationale-Promotershareholdinghasbeencappedatmaxof75%andtherequirementofacquiring50%oftheoffersizewouldberedundant
Extant Delisting Norms 
Proposed Delisting Norms 
No Restriction Prescribed 
NopersonbelongingtothePromoterGrouphavesoldsharesduringsixmonthsprecedingthedateofBoardMeetingwhereDelistingProposalisapproved. 
Main Highlights of New Delisting Norms vis-à-vis Extant Norms Contd…
Main Highlights of New Delisting Norms vis-à-vis Extant Norms Contd… 
Extant Delisting Norms 
Proposed Delisting Norms 
Delisting Process generally takes approximately in 117 working days 
Delisting Process proposed to be completed approximately in 76 working days 
SEBI might waive off the requirement of seeking in-principle
Extant Delisting Norms 
Proposed Delisting Norms 
Company having paid up capital not exceeding Rs. 1 Cr. and having no trading in its scrips immediately preceding 1 year from the the date of decision of delisting; 
Or 
Company having upto 300 public shareholders and the paid up value of shares held by them is upto Rs. 1 Cr. 
Company having paid up capital not exceeding Rs. 10 Cr. and Net worth not exceeding Rs. 25 Cr. as on the last day of previous financial year. 
+ 
No trading during last 1 year 
+ 
Securities are not suspended from Stock Exchange 
Main Highlights of New Delisting Norms vis-à-vis Extant Norms Contd…
Main Highlights of New Delisting Norms vis-à-vis Extant Norms Contd… 
Extant Delisting Norms 
Proposed Delisting Norms 
No Exemption from compliance with the provisions is allowed. 
SEBImayrelaxthestrictenforcementofanyrequirementoftheprovisionsofDelistingRegulations.
PROPOSED CHANGE IN DELISTING & TAKEOVER CODE: 
New Jigs for the Acquirers
SEBI’s Decisions opened new avenues for Acquirers 
Option to the Acquirerto delist the shares directly through Delisting Regulations pursuant to triggering Takeover Regulations. 
Acquirer whose shareholding increases beyond maximum permissible non- public shareholding pursuant to takeover open offer, is not eligible to make a voluntary delisting offer as per Delisting Regulations unless a period of 12 months is elapsed. 
On the specific demand of industry 
Subject to a stipulation 
Incase delisting attempts fails, Acquirer would be required to complete mandatory open offer under Takeover Regulations along with payment of interest @ 10% p.a. for the delayed open offer.
Concerns with the promulgamation of New Provisions
ACompanyhavingShareCapitalexceedingRs.10Cr.AndNet-worthexceedingRs.25Cr.whereinPromoterShareholdingis75%andoutof25%ofNon-PromoterShareholding,19%wouldbeheldbyoneForeignInvestorandrestby5publicshareholders. 
Case Study…… 
How the Company would opt for delisting?? 
Because 
NeitheritfallsundertheambitofSmallCompanynoritiseligiblefortheRBBprocessasperthenewnorms.
Case Study…… 
ACompanyhavingPromoterShareholdingof64%andoutof36%ofNon-PromoterShareholding, 30%stakeisheldby2foreigninvestorsandrest6%byGeneralPublic.Since,sharesoftheCompanyareinfrequentlytradedand2foreigninvestorsdonotwanttotendersharesintheDelistingOfferandarewillingtobeapartofPAC,onlyforthepurposeofDelisting?? 
Whether the said foreign investors can be considered as PAC only for the purpose of Delisting Offer??
SEBI’s Decision pertaining to tendering of shares in Delisting/Buyback/Takeover offers 
AwelcomemovethatallowsuseofStockExchangePlatformfortenderingsharesinDelisting/Buyback/Takeoveroffershaveultimatelyresultedinremovingtaxhurdlesresultingina“win-win”situationforstakeholders.
Present Scenario in Buyback, Takeover & Delisting Offers 
Proposed Scenario 
Considered as off market transaction and liable to hefty Capital Gain Tax in the hands of investors. 
Considered as secondary market transaction and now liable only to STT i.e. Investors are not liable to pay Capital Gain Tax. 
ThiswasalongdrawndemandfromtheInvestorscommunitythattenderingofsharesundertheseoffersshouldnotattractCapitalGains(CG)Tax,buttheSecuritiesTransactionTax(STT) 
Tax Burden
NEW PROPOSED REGULATIONS: AIMED TO CRACK WHIPS ON WILFUL DEFAULTERS
What is Insider Trading? 
Insider trading is dealing in securities of a listed company by 
any person who has knowledge of material inside information 
which is not available to general public. 
It is breach of a fiduciary duty or other relationship of trust, 
and confidence. 
It is a crime if made to get wrongful gain or avoid losses
Insider Trading: Genesis 
InsiderTradingisoneofthemostprevailingformofSecuritiesMarketOffenceworldwide.ThegenesisInsiderTradingishumanGREED! 
Itisreallydifficultforpersonswithprivilegedinformationwhichcouldhelphimtogainsubstantialprofitorallowavoidanceoflosstocontrolthetemptationofusingtheseprivilegedinformation 
ButpossessionofprivilegedinformationputthepersoninafiduciarypositionandmisusingthispositionisaBreachofTrustandFraudulentact 
Whenacompanygetlisted-itspromoters,directorsandotherkeyemployeesaswellasotherpersonswhohavemoreinformationthangeneralinvestorsbecomethetrusteeofInvestors’interestandareinfiduciarydutytonottousethemfortheirpersonalbenefit.Thus,InsiderTradingisaCrime
Insider Trading: Genesis 
Contd… 
INSIDERTRADINGisthemisuseofprivilegedposition&breachoftrustandhencecandisturbwholestructureofSecuritiesMarket.Itcanalsobeabigmenaceforsmallinvestorsastheycanloosetheirhardearnedmoneyinthehandsofcorporateinsiders,henceitseffectivepreventionisverysignificant. 
Theimportanceofpolicinginsidertradinghasassumedinternationalsignificanceasregulatorsattempttoboosttheconfidenceofinvestors 
PreventionofInsidertradingisnecessarytocreateaLevelPlayingFieldforInvestorsinCapitalMarket 
EffectivemeasurestopreventInsiderTradingwouldcreatetrust&confidenceamongtheInvestorCommunitiesandhelptodevelopsecuritiesmarket
Main Highlights of SEBI’s decisions to amend Insider Trading Regulations 
oReviewofthe22yearoldInsiderTradingRegulations:ThesaidRegulationswerepromulgatedin1992andovertheyears,thecapitalmarketsscenariohaschangedalot,sothisoverhaulingisawelcomemove; 
oProposedtointroduceprovisionsonProhibitiononderivativetradingbydirectorsandKMPsonsecuritiesoftheCompanyinlinewiththeCompaniesAct,2013; 
oProposaltointroduceconceptofthird-partyconnectedpersonswiththeintenttocurbmalpractices.
Who Is 
an 
INSIDER ?????
INSIDER TRADING –Sec 195 of Companies Act, 2013 
Any act 
Subscribing, buying, selling, dealing 
Agreeing to subscribe, buy, sell or deal 
of 
OR 
OR 
In any securities by any 
Director 
KMP 
Any other officer of the company 
OR 
Either as principal or agent, if such 
OR 
Director 
KMP 
Any other officer of the company 
OR 
Is reasonably expected to have access to any non-public price sensitive information in respect of securities of Company 
An act of counseling about procuring or communicating directly or indirectly any non public price sensitive information in respect of securities of Company 
OR
INSIDER –As per SEBI (Prohibition of Insider Trading) Regulations, 1992 
connected with the company 
OR 
deemed to have been connected with the company 
AND 
Is reasonably expected to have access to 
UNPUBLISHED PRICE SENSITIVE INFORMATION 
Has Received 
Has Had Access 
UNPUBLISHED PRICE SENSITIVE INFORMATION 
OR 
TO 
OR 
(ii) 
is 
was 
OR 
Any Person 
Who 
(i) 
contractual employees and intermediaries 
including Consultants 
Now Includes
Who Is 
Considered as Connected Person??
may reasonably to have an access to 
Unpublished Price Sensitive Information 
is a director under section 2(13) of the Companies Act, 1956, 
or 
deemed to be a director of that company under section 307(10) of the Act 
Any Person 
Who 
Whether TEMPORARY or PERMANENT 
Professional relationship 
Business relationship 
an officer 
an employee 
OR 
occupies the position Involving 
or 
or 
AND 
CONNECTED PERSON –As per SEBI (Prohibition of Insider Trading) Regulations, 1992 
now 
Immediate relatives
Main Highlights Related to Connected Person 
Now,inthecaseofconnectedpersons,onusofproofhasbeenshiftedfromtheRegulatortosuchconnectedpersonthattheywerenotinpossessionofUnpublishedPriceSensitiveInformation.Thatistosay,now,itwillbeforsuchpersonstoprovethatwhiledoingthetrade,theywerenotinpossessionofanyunpublishedpricesensitiveinformation. 
This is in line with the judgment passed in one of the Insider Trading Case being decided in US wherein Driver was guilty of using Price Sensitive Information.
What Is Price Sensitive 
Information ?????
PRICE SENSITIVE INFORMATION-AS PER CLAUSE 36 LISTING AGREEMENT 
Change in the general character or nature of business. 
Disruption of operations due to natural calamity. 
Commencement of Commercial Production/ Commercial Operations. 
Litigations/ dispute with a material Impact. 
Revisions in Ratings.
PRICE SENSITIVE INFORMATION-AS PER CLAUSE 36 LISTING AGREEMENT 
Anyotherinformationhavingbearingontheoperation/performanceoftheCompanyaswellaspricesensitiveinformationwhichincludesbutnotrestrictedto: 
oChange in market lot / sub-division ; 
oVoluntary delisting by the company ; 
oForfeiture of shares; 
oAlteration in terms of any securities ; 
oInformation regarding securities issued abroad ; 
oCancellation of dividend/ rights/ bonus etc.
Deemed Price Sensitive Information as per Stock Exchange Directives 
Periodical financial results of the company; 
Intended declaration of dividend; 
Issue of securities orbuy back of securities; 
Major expansion plan OR Execution of new projects; 
Amalgamations, merger, takeovers; 
Disposal of whole or substantial part of the undertaking; 
Changes in policies, plans or operations
UNPUBLISHED –As per SEBI(Prohibition of Insider Trading) Regulations, 1992 
Informationwhichisnotpublishedbythecompanyoritsagentsandisnotspecificinnature. 
Explanation 
Speculativereportsinprintorelectronicmediashallnotbeconsideredaspublishedinformation. 
As per SEBI’s Board Meeting Decision, it is proposed to link the unpublished Price Sensitive Information with listing agreement thereby widening the ambit of price sensitive information i.e. unpublished would not be considered from Co.’s point of view only but from the securities point of view as well. For eg: Pledge of Shares by Promoters 
Taking into account investors’ interest in the securities market and to facilitate legitimate business transactions, advance disclosure of UPSI at least 2 days prior to trading has been made mandatory 
NowbyaligningwhatwouldtantamounttoUPSIwiththeListingAgreement,thearenaofUPSIhasbeenmadeinclusive.
CHINESE WALL 
•"ChineseWall"policydemarcates“insideareas”from"publicareas". 
•Thoseareashavingaccesstoconfidentialinformation, considered“insideareas”andareaswhichdealwithsales/marketing/investmentconsidered"publicareas". 
•TheemployeesintheinsideareashallnotcommunicateanyPSItoanyoneinpublicarea. 
•Inexceptionalcircumstancesemployeesfromthepublicareasmaybebrought"overthewall"andgivenconfidentialinformationonthebasisof"needtoknow" criteria,underintimationtotheCO
Introduction of NEED TO KNOW CONCEPT 
ClearProhibitiononCommunicationofUPSIexceptforlegitimatepurposes, performanceofdutiesordischargeoflegalobligations 
TostrengthentheconceptofCHINESEWALL,thenewconceptof“NEEDTOKNOW”isproposedtobeincludedintheproposedRegulationsonInsiderTrading
TRADING WINDOW 
•Companyshallspecifyatradingperiod,tobecalled"TradingWindow",fortradinginthecompany’ssecurities. 
•ThetradingwindowshallbeclosedduringthetimethePriceSensitiveinformationisun-published. 
•Whenthetradingwindowisclosed,theD/Eshallnottradeinthecompany'ssecuritiesinsuchperiod. 
•Thetradingwindowshallbeopened24hoursafterthePriceSensitiveInformationismadepublic.
PRE CLEARANCE OF TRADES 
•AllD/O/EoftheCoandtheirdependentsasdefinedbythecompanywhointendtodealinthesecuritiesbeyondalimitshouldpre-clearthetransactions. 
•AnapplicationtotheComplianceofficerindicating 
•TheestimatednumberofsecuritiesthattheD/O/Eandtheirdependantsintendstodealin, 
•Otherdetailsasmayberequiredbyanyrulemadebythecompanyinthisbehalf. 
As per SEBI’s Board Meeting Decision, to facilitate bonafide transactions, requirement to formulate trading plans has been casted on the insiders who are in the possession Price Sensitive Information through out the year.
Mandatory requirement to formulate pre- scheduled Trading Plans 
InsiderswhogeneralpossessUPSIallroundtheyearandwhotradeinthesecurities, arerequiredtoformulateprescheduledtradingplans,tobedulydisclosedtotheStockExchangesandhavetobestrictlyadheredto.Thiswillbeallowedforgenuineandbonafidetransactions. 
This is in line with the safeguards introduced by US for insiders….
SEBI’s Decision pertaining to Disclosures to be made 
TakingintoconsiderationtheinterestofshareholdersatlargeandtoremovetherecurrenceofdisclosureswiththesoleintenttoalignInsiderTradingRegulationswiththeTakeoverRegulations,disclosureofanychangeof2%forpersonsholdingmorethan5%sharesorvotingrightsareproposedtobedispensedwith.
G Jayaraman Vs. SEBI [2014] 120CLA78(SAT) 
•Mr.Gjayaraman(Appellant)wastheCOandMr.B.RamalingaRajuistheChairmanofSatyam(“thecompany”). 
•Insidertradingtransaction:-Mr.B.RamalingaRajucalledappellanttohisresidenceandinformedthatasChairmanofSatyamhewascontemplatingacquisitionoftwocompaniesviz.MaytasPropertiesLimitedandMaytasInfraLimited(UPSI). ThusAppellantasComplianceOfficerofconcernedCompanybeingprivytounpublishedpricesensitiveinformation,oughttohavekepttradingwindowclosed. However,Appellanthadfailedtoclosetradingwindowduringaboveperiod. 
TheHon’bleSATheldthat 
-ComplianceOfficerwasmandatorilyobligedunderModelCodetokeeptradingwindowclosedwheninpossessionofpricesensitiveinformationspecifiedinpara3.2.3ofModeCode. 
-Onceitisfoundthatpersonoccupyinghighrankingpositionhasfailedtocomplywithregulations,thenheisliableforpenalty.Hencepenaltyof5LacimposedbySEBIisjustified
Reliance Petroinvestments Ltd. SEBI [2014] 
•Facts:SharepriceofIndianPetrochemicalsCorporationLtd(IPCL)hadmoreorlessmovedinsyncwiththesensexmovementasobservedonMarch5,2007thescripdeclinedby8.13%atBSEwhenthesensexdeclinedby3.79%. 
•FurtherthepriceofthescripdeclinedevenaftertheannouncementoftheinterimdividendbyIPCL.However,inadivergencefromtheindex,thescripwitnessedsubstantialpricegainonMarch8,2007andMarch9,2007subsequenttotheannouncementofamalgamationofIPCLwithRelianceIndustriesLtd,whichispersonactinginconcertwithRPIL. 
•InsidertradingTransaction:RPIL(“Noticee”)tradedinthescripofIPCLwhileinthepossessionofUPSIpriortothedeclarationofdividendandamalgamationofIPCLwithRelianceIndustriesLimited.RPILreceivedadividendappoxRs.127.98LakhsandnotionalprofitofapproxRs.382.64Lakhs 
•SEBI’sDecision: 
SEBIimposeapenaltyofRS.11CronReliancePetroinvestmentsLtd.fortheviolationofRegulation3ofPITRegulations.
Rajiv B. Gandhi, Sandhya R. Gandhi & Amishi B. Gandhi Vs. SEBI [2008] 84 SCL 192(SAT) 
•Facts:RajivB.Gandhi(Gandhi)appellantNo.1istheCompanySecretaryandChiefFinancialOfficerofWockhardtLimited(forshortthecompany).SandhyaGandhiappellantNo.2ishiswifeandAmishiGandhi(appellantNo.3)ishissister. 
•Insidertradingtransaction:-Theappellantshadsold3600shareson21.1.1999(beforetheboardmeetingheldonApril22,1999at11.30a.mcalledfordemerger)and22.1.1999(inthefirsthalfhourbeforethemarketcouldreacttothenews)onthebasisofunpublishedpricesensitiveinformation. 
AOheldthemInsiders&imposedafineofRs5Leach. 
TheHon’bleSATheldthat 
–Thewords“onthebasisof”aresignificantandmeanthatthetradesexecutedshouldbemotivatedbytheinformationinpossessionoftheinsider 
–Factsnecessarytoestablishthecontrarybeingespeciallywithintheknowledgeoftheinsider,theburdenofprovingthosefactsisuponhim. 
–SATupheldAO’sorder.
Conversion of Listing Agreements into Regulations- 
SEBI (Listing Obligations and Disclosure Requirements) Regulations, 2014 
(LODR)
Ambit of Listed Companies as per Companies Act, 2013 
A company which has any of its securities listed on any recognized stock exchange. 
Meaning thereby 
Thecompanyevenifhavingitsdebentures/preferencesharelistedonanyrecognizedstockexchangeisnowdeemedtobeconsideredastheListedCompany.
SEBIwiththeobjectiveofensuringbetterenforceabilityandatthesametimecompilingallthemandatesofvariedSEBIRegulationsgoverningEquityaswellasDebtsegmentsofcapitalmarketundertheambitofasingledocument,hasapprovedtheproposalofconversionofListingAgreementintoRegulationstobeknownasSEBI(ListingObligationsandDisclosureRequirements)Regulations. 
Why there is a need to introduce LODR??
Securities proposed to be covered under LODR?? 
oSpecifiedSecurities(includingequityandconvertibles)-ListedonMainBoard&SMEPlatform 
oNon-ConvertibleDebtSecurities 
oNon-ConvertibleRedeemablePreferenceShares 
oIndianDepositoryReceipts 
oSecuritisedDebtInstruments 
oUnitsissuedbyMutualFundsScheme
Main Highlights of LODR 
oMandatoryfilingonStockExchangesthroughelectronicplatform; 
oMandatoryappointmentofCompanySecretaryascomplianceofficerexceptforunitsofMutualFundslistedonStockExchanges; 
oIntroductionofconceptoffilingInformationMemorandumonanannualbasis; 
oIncorporatingintheproposedRegulations,mandatetoregisterinSCORESforredressalofinvestorgrievances; 
oApplicabilityofequitysegmentprovisionsontheentitieswhohaveonlydebtsecuritieslisted.Foreg:FilingofFormBasrequiredtobefiledalongwithAnnualReportonanannualbasis 
oNecessitytoexecuteshortenedversionofListingAgreementwithin6monthsofnotificationoftheseregulations.
Settlement of Administrative and Civil Proceedings
Extant procedure 
Formal SCN 
Suomotto, Consent applications 
OR 
This was resulting in delay in conclusion of proceedings and resultant wastage of resources
PROPOSED PROCESS OF SETTLEMENT OF ADMINISTRATIVE AND CIVIL PROCEEDINGS 
Solution Proposed by SEBI (Well’s Notice) In minor violations, before the issuance of the SCN, an intimation be sent to the Noticee, informing him of the impending enforcement action. 
Thus, enabling them to seek settlement of proceedings or make voluntary submissionseven prior to the SCN 
The name "Wells notice" is derived from the Wells Committee of the SEC, on the name of its Chairperson, John A. Wells
oRe-classificationofPromoterstoPublic 
TheissuewasfirsthighlightedwhenSEBIdisallowedaproposalbyGilletteIndia. 
INAPRIL2013,SEBIrejectedGillette’sproposalofreclassifyingapromoterasanon- promoter. 
TheshareholdingstructureoftheCompanywas: 
Other Valuable Decisions 
Indian Promoters 
47.7% 
Foreign Promoters 
41.05% 
Public Shareholding 
11.25 
88.75% 
Less than the MPS norms 
The company intended to comply with Cl 40A under the head ‘other means’.
Effective Regulation can make a massive contribution to achieving our shared goals of improving Competitiveness, Jobs & Growth.. -John Hutton
Thank You 
Pavan Kumar Vijay 
Corporate Professionals Capital Private Limited 
D-28, South Extension –I, New Delhi-110 049 
Ph: +91.11.40622200; Fax: +91.11.40622201; E: pkvijay@indiacp.com

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Revamping of SEBI Regulations- Delisting, Takeover and Insider Trading

  • 1. Revamping of SEBI Regulations: A move towards ensuring lucidity in the Regime
  • 2. NEW DELISTING NORMS: A Boost for Promoters as well as Retail Investors SEBI’s Delisting Arena: SEBI (Delisting of Equity Shares) Regulations, 2009 (Notified on June 10, 2009)
  • 3. What is Delisting ? •“Delisting”istotallythereverseoflisting.Todelistmeanspermanentremovalofsecuritiesofalistedcompanyfromastockexchange.Asaconsequenceofdelisting,thesecuritiesofthatcompanywouldnolongerbetradeableatthatstockexchange. •"Delisting"i.e.thesaidremovalfromaStockExchange,maybeVoluntary(i.e.atthewilloftheCompany)orCompulsory(i.e.outofapenalactionbytheStockExchanges, forthereasonofanyviolations/lapses). DELISTING STOCK EXCHANGES COMPANY
  • 4. Brief History: The Evolution of Delisting Regulations oIn1979,videcircularNo.F6/9/SE/78datedJune28,1979issuedbytheMinistryofFinance,delistingofcompanieswaspermittedsubjecttocertaincriteriabeing satisfiedbytheconcernedcompany. oSEBIvidecirculardatedApril29,1998laiddownaframeworkforvoluntaryor compulsorydelistingofsecuritiesfromtheStockExchanges. oSubsequently,SEBIcameoutwithSEBI(DelistingofSecurities)Guidelines, 2003. oThereafter,SEBI(DelistingofEquityShares)Regulations,2009("thesaid Regulations")wasnotifiedonJune10,2009.
  • 5. Reasons for Delisting For Smaller & undervalued Companies Other Companies maintaining a listing status entails various costs which may no longer be justifiable. maintainingalistingstatusinvolvesvariousongoingcostsrelatingtofinancialreportingrequirements,ad- hocdisclosures,investorrelationsandtheincreaseddemandsonmanagementtodevelopagood relationshipwithanalystsandinvestors.
  • 7. Why there is a need to review Delisting Regulations?? Minorityshareholdersholdingsignificantstakeexercisedisproportionatepowersindeterminingexitprice; Parkingofshareswithfriendlyinvestors/Tacitunderstandingbetweenmarketparticipants; Destabilizationofprocessbyputtingunreasonablebids. Issueshighlighted: Pricediscoverymechanism Lackofsufficientdemand/EnhancingparticipationinRBB Shorteningofprocess ThresholdLimit Delistingofsmallcompanies IndicativeTimelinestocompletethedelistingprocess
  • 8. Main Highlights of New Delisting Norms vis-à-vis Extant Norms AsperextantRegulations,theDelistingOfferbeconsideredsuccessfulonlywhenthepostofferholdingofthePromoterreachesthehigherofthefollowing: When Delisting Offer be considered successful? 90% of the total issued shares of that class Pre-Offer Promoter Holding + 50% of the Offer Size. Rationale To address the concern of informal arrangements or parking with friendly investors
  • 9. Main Highlights of New Delisting Norms vis-à-vis Extant Norms Contd… Extant Delisting Norms Proposed Delisting Norms Final Price= Price at which maximum number of shares are tendered by the Public Shareholders Final Price= Price at which shareholding of the Promoter plus shares tendered by the public shareholders reaches the threshold limit of 90%
  • 10. Determination of Final Exit Price ExitpricedeterminedthroughReverseBookBuilding(RBB)tobethehighestpriceatwhichthepromotertouchesthethresholdof90%insteadofthepriceatwhichthemaximumnumberofsharesaretendered: Bid price (Rs.) No. of investors Demand (no. of shares) Cumulative Demand (no. of shares) 550 5 2,50,000 2,50,000 565 8 4,00,000 6,50,000 575 10 2,00,000 8,50,000 585 4 4,00,000 12,50,000 595 6 1,20,000 13,70,000 600 5 1,30,000 15,00,000 605 3 2,10,000 17,10,000 620 1 5,00,000 25,00,000 Exit price as per the proposal Exit price as per the existing framework Rationale-To ensure that a single investor does not dictate the price for delisting Promoter shareholding = 75,00,000 shares Public shareholding = 25,00,000 shares Min Tendering = 15,00,000 shares 90% threshold limit for successful Delisting
  • 11. Determination of Exit Price and Exiting No. Acquirertoreach90%ofthetotalshareholdingforsuccessfuldelistinginsteadof(90%oftotalorpromotershareholdingplus50%ofremainingoffersize,whicheverishigher)asexisting; Rationale-Promotershareholdinghasbeencappedatmaxof75%andtherequirementofacquiring50%oftheoffersizewouldberedundant
  • 12. Extant Delisting Norms Proposed Delisting Norms No Restriction Prescribed NopersonbelongingtothePromoterGrouphavesoldsharesduringsixmonthsprecedingthedateofBoardMeetingwhereDelistingProposalisapproved. Main Highlights of New Delisting Norms vis-à-vis Extant Norms Contd…
  • 13. Main Highlights of New Delisting Norms vis-à-vis Extant Norms Contd… Extant Delisting Norms Proposed Delisting Norms Delisting Process generally takes approximately in 117 working days Delisting Process proposed to be completed approximately in 76 working days SEBI might waive off the requirement of seeking in-principle
  • 14. Extant Delisting Norms Proposed Delisting Norms Company having paid up capital not exceeding Rs. 1 Cr. and having no trading in its scrips immediately preceding 1 year from the the date of decision of delisting; Or Company having upto 300 public shareholders and the paid up value of shares held by them is upto Rs. 1 Cr. Company having paid up capital not exceeding Rs. 10 Cr. and Net worth not exceeding Rs. 25 Cr. as on the last day of previous financial year. + No trading during last 1 year + Securities are not suspended from Stock Exchange Main Highlights of New Delisting Norms vis-à-vis Extant Norms Contd…
  • 15. Main Highlights of New Delisting Norms vis-à-vis Extant Norms Contd… Extant Delisting Norms Proposed Delisting Norms No Exemption from compliance with the provisions is allowed. SEBImayrelaxthestrictenforcementofanyrequirementoftheprovisionsofDelistingRegulations.
  • 16. PROPOSED CHANGE IN DELISTING & TAKEOVER CODE: New Jigs for the Acquirers
  • 17. SEBI’s Decisions opened new avenues for Acquirers Option to the Acquirerto delist the shares directly through Delisting Regulations pursuant to triggering Takeover Regulations. Acquirer whose shareholding increases beyond maximum permissible non- public shareholding pursuant to takeover open offer, is not eligible to make a voluntary delisting offer as per Delisting Regulations unless a period of 12 months is elapsed. On the specific demand of industry Subject to a stipulation Incase delisting attempts fails, Acquirer would be required to complete mandatory open offer under Takeover Regulations along with payment of interest @ 10% p.a. for the delayed open offer.
  • 18. Concerns with the promulgamation of New Provisions
  • 20. Case Study…… ACompanyhavingPromoterShareholdingof64%andoutof36%ofNon-PromoterShareholding, 30%stakeisheldby2foreigninvestorsandrest6%byGeneralPublic.Since,sharesoftheCompanyareinfrequentlytradedand2foreigninvestorsdonotwanttotendersharesintheDelistingOfferandarewillingtobeapartofPAC,onlyforthepurposeofDelisting?? Whether the said foreign investors can be considered as PAC only for the purpose of Delisting Offer??
  • 21. SEBI’s Decision pertaining to tendering of shares in Delisting/Buyback/Takeover offers AwelcomemovethatallowsuseofStockExchangePlatformfortenderingsharesinDelisting/Buyback/Takeoveroffershaveultimatelyresultedinremovingtaxhurdlesresultingina“win-win”situationforstakeholders.
  • 22. Present Scenario in Buyback, Takeover & Delisting Offers Proposed Scenario Considered as off market transaction and liable to hefty Capital Gain Tax in the hands of investors. Considered as secondary market transaction and now liable only to STT i.e. Investors are not liable to pay Capital Gain Tax. ThiswasalongdrawndemandfromtheInvestorscommunitythattenderingofsharesundertheseoffersshouldnotattractCapitalGains(CG)Tax,buttheSecuritiesTransactionTax(STT) Tax Burden
  • 23. NEW PROPOSED REGULATIONS: AIMED TO CRACK WHIPS ON WILFUL DEFAULTERS
  • 24. What is Insider Trading? Insider trading is dealing in securities of a listed company by any person who has knowledge of material inside information which is not available to general public. It is breach of a fiduciary duty or other relationship of trust, and confidence. It is a crime if made to get wrongful gain or avoid losses
  • 25. Insider Trading: Genesis InsiderTradingisoneofthemostprevailingformofSecuritiesMarketOffenceworldwide.ThegenesisInsiderTradingishumanGREED! Itisreallydifficultforpersonswithprivilegedinformationwhichcouldhelphimtogainsubstantialprofitorallowavoidanceoflosstocontrolthetemptationofusingtheseprivilegedinformation ButpossessionofprivilegedinformationputthepersoninafiduciarypositionandmisusingthispositionisaBreachofTrustandFraudulentact Whenacompanygetlisted-itspromoters,directorsandotherkeyemployeesaswellasotherpersonswhohavemoreinformationthangeneralinvestorsbecomethetrusteeofInvestors’interestandareinfiduciarydutytonottousethemfortheirpersonalbenefit.Thus,InsiderTradingisaCrime
  • 26. Insider Trading: Genesis Contd… INSIDERTRADINGisthemisuseofprivilegedposition&breachoftrustandhencecandisturbwholestructureofSecuritiesMarket.Itcanalsobeabigmenaceforsmallinvestorsastheycanloosetheirhardearnedmoneyinthehandsofcorporateinsiders,henceitseffectivepreventionisverysignificant. Theimportanceofpolicinginsidertradinghasassumedinternationalsignificanceasregulatorsattempttoboosttheconfidenceofinvestors PreventionofInsidertradingisnecessarytocreateaLevelPlayingFieldforInvestorsinCapitalMarket EffectivemeasurestopreventInsiderTradingwouldcreatetrust&confidenceamongtheInvestorCommunitiesandhelptodevelopsecuritiesmarket
  • 27. Main Highlights of SEBI’s decisions to amend Insider Trading Regulations oReviewofthe22yearoldInsiderTradingRegulations:ThesaidRegulationswerepromulgatedin1992andovertheyears,thecapitalmarketsscenariohaschangedalot,sothisoverhaulingisawelcomemove; oProposedtointroduceprovisionsonProhibitiononderivativetradingbydirectorsandKMPsonsecuritiesoftheCompanyinlinewiththeCompaniesAct,2013; oProposaltointroduceconceptofthird-partyconnectedpersonswiththeintenttocurbmalpractices.
  • 28. Who Is an INSIDER ?????
  • 29. INSIDER TRADING –Sec 195 of Companies Act, 2013 Any act Subscribing, buying, selling, dealing Agreeing to subscribe, buy, sell or deal of OR OR In any securities by any Director KMP Any other officer of the company OR Either as principal or agent, if such OR Director KMP Any other officer of the company OR Is reasonably expected to have access to any non-public price sensitive information in respect of securities of Company An act of counseling about procuring or communicating directly or indirectly any non public price sensitive information in respect of securities of Company OR
  • 30. INSIDER –As per SEBI (Prohibition of Insider Trading) Regulations, 1992 connected with the company OR deemed to have been connected with the company AND Is reasonably expected to have access to UNPUBLISHED PRICE SENSITIVE INFORMATION Has Received Has Had Access UNPUBLISHED PRICE SENSITIVE INFORMATION OR TO OR (ii) is was OR Any Person Who (i) contractual employees and intermediaries including Consultants Now Includes
  • 31. Who Is Considered as Connected Person??
  • 32. may reasonably to have an access to Unpublished Price Sensitive Information is a director under section 2(13) of the Companies Act, 1956, or deemed to be a director of that company under section 307(10) of the Act Any Person Who Whether TEMPORARY or PERMANENT Professional relationship Business relationship an officer an employee OR occupies the position Involving or or AND CONNECTED PERSON –As per SEBI (Prohibition of Insider Trading) Regulations, 1992 now Immediate relatives
  • 33. Main Highlights Related to Connected Person Now,inthecaseofconnectedpersons,onusofproofhasbeenshiftedfromtheRegulatortosuchconnectedpersonthattheywerenotinpossessionofUnpublishedPriceSensitiveInformation.Thatistosay,now,itwillbeforsuchpersonstoprovethatwhiledoingthetrade,theywerenotinpossessionofanyunpublishedpricesensitiveinformation. This is in line with the judgment passed in one of the Insider Trading Case being decided in US wherein Driver was guilty of using Price Sensitive Information.
  • 34. What Is Price Sensitive Information ?????
  • 35. PRICE SENSITIVE INFORMATION-AS PER CLAUSE 36 LISTING AGREEMENT Change in the general character or nature of business. Disruption of operations due to natural calamity. Commencement of Commercial Production/ Commercial Operations. Litigations/ dispute with a material Impact. Revisions in Ratings.
  • 36. PRICE SENSITIVE INFORMATION-AS PER CLAUSE 36 LISTING AGREEMENT Anyotherinformationhavingbearingontheoperation/performanceoftheCompanyaswellaspricesensitiveinformationwhichincludesbutnotrestrictedto: oChange in market lot / sub-division ; oVoluntary delisting by the company ; oForfeiture of shares; oAlteration in terms of any securities ; oInformation regarding securities issued abroad ; oCancellation of dividend/ rights/ bonus etc.
  • 37. Deemed Price Sensitive Information as per Stock Exchange Directives Periodical financial results of the company; Intended declaration of dividend; Issue of securities orbuy back of securities; Major expansion plan OR Execution of new projects; Amalgamations, merger, takeovers; Disposal of whole or substantial part of the undertaking; Changes in policies, plans or operations
  • 38. UNPUBLISHED –As per SEBI(Prohibition of Insider Trading) Regulations, 1992 Informationwhichisnotpublishedbythecompanyoritsagentsandisnotspecificinnature. Explanation Speculativereportsinprintorelectronicmediashallnotbeconsideredaspublishedinformation. As per SEBI’s Board Meeting Decision, it is proposed to link the unpublished Price Sensitive Information with listing agreement thereby widening the ambit of price sensitive information i.e. unpublished would not be considered from Co.’s point of view only but from the securities point of view as well. For eg: Pledge of Shares by Promoters Taking into account investors’ interest in the securities market and to facilitate legitimate business transactions, advance disclosure of UPSI at least 2 days prior to trading has been made mandatory NowbyaligningwhatwouldtantamounttoUPSIwiththeListingAgreement,thearenaofUPSIhasbeenmadeinclusive.
  • 39. CHINESE WALL •"ChineseWall"policydemarcates“insideareas”from"publicareas". •Thoseareashavingaccesstoconfidentialinformation, considered“insideareas”andareaswhichdealwithsales/marketing/investmentconsidered"publicareas". •TheemployeesintheinsideareashallnotcommunicateanyPSItoanyoneinpublicarea. •Inexceptionalcircumstancesemployeesfromthepublicareasmaybebrought"overthewall"andgivenconfidentialinformationonthebasisof"needtoknow" criteria,underintimationtotheCO
  • 40. Introduction of NEED TO KNOW CONCEPT ClearProhibitiononCommunicationofUPSIexceptforlegitimatepurposes, performanceofdutiesordischargeoflegalobligations TostrengthentheconceptofCHINESEWALL,thenewconceptof“NEEDTOKNOW”isproposedtobeincludedintheproposedRegulationsonInsiderTrading
  • 41. TRADING WINDOW •Companyshallspecifyatradingperiod,tobecalled"TradingWindow",fortradinginthecompany’ssecurities. •ThetradingwindowshallbeclosedduringthetimethePriceSensitiveinformationisun-published. •Whenthetradingwindowisclosed,theD/Eshallnottradeinthecompany'ssecuritiesinsuchperiod. •Thetradingwindowshallbeopened24hoursafterthePriceSensitiveInformationismadepublic.
  • 42. PRE CLEARANCE OF TRADES •AllD/O/EoftheCoandtheirdependentsasdefinedbythecompanywhointendtodealinthesecuritiesbeyondalimitshouldpre-clearthetransactions. •AnapplicationtotheComplianceofficerindicating •TheestimatednumberofsecuritiesthattheD/O/Eandtheirdependantsintendstodealin, •Otherdetailsasmayberequiredbyanyrulemadebythecompanyinthisbehalf. As per SEBI’s Board Meeting Decision, to facilitate bonafide transactions, requirement to formulate trading plans has been casted on the insiders who are in the possession Price Sensitive Information through out the year.
  • 43. Mandatory requirement to formulate pre- scheduled Trading Plans InsiderswhogeneralpossessUPSIallroundtheyearandwhotradeinthesecurities, arerequiredtoformulateprescheduledtradingplans,tobedulydisclosedtotheStockExchangesandhavetobestrictlyadheredto.Thiswillbeallowedforgenuineandbonafidetransactions. This is in line with the safeguards introduced by US for insiders….
  • 44. SEBI’s Decision pertaining to Disclosures to be made TakingintoconsiderationtheinterestofshareholdersatlargeandtoremovetherecurrenceofdisclosureswiththesoleintenttoalignInsiderTradingRegulationswiththeTakeoverRegulations,disclosureofanychangeof2%forpersonsholdingmorethan5%sharesorvotingrightsareproposedtobedispensedwith.
  • 45.
  • 46. G Jayaraman Vs. SEBI [2014] 120CLA78(SAT) •Mr.Gjayaraman(Appellant)wastheCOandMr.B.RamalingaRajuistheChairmanofSatyam(“thecompany”). •Insidertradingtransaction:-Mr.B.RamalingaRajucalledappellanttohisresidenceandinformedthatasChairmanofSatyamhewascontemplatingacquisitionoftwocompaniesviz.MaytasPropertiesLimitedandMaytasInfraLimited(UPSI). ThusAppellantasComplianceOfficerofconcernedCompanybeingprivytounpublishedpricesensitiveinformation,oughttohavekepttradingwindowclosed. However,Appellanthadfailedtoclosetradingwindowduringaboveperiod. TheHon’bleSATheldthat -ComplianceOfficerwasmandatorilyobligedunderModelCodetokeeptradingwindowclosedwheninpossessionofpricesensitiveinformationspecifiedinpara3.2.3ofModeCode. -Onceitisfoundthatpersonoccupyinghighrankingpositionhasfailedtocomplywithregulations,thenheisliableforpenalty.Hencepenaltyof5LacimposedbySEBIisjustified
  • 47. Reliance Petroinvestments Ltd. SEBI [2014] •Facts:SharepriceofIndianPetrochemicalsCorporationLtd(IPCL)hadmoreorlessmovedinsyncwiththesensexmovementasobservedonMarch5,2007thescripdeclinedby8.13%atBSEwhenthesensexdeclinedby3.79%. •FurtherthepriceofthescripdeclinedevenaftertheannouncementoftheinterimdividendbyIPCL.However,inadivergencefromtheindex,thescripwitnessedsubstantialpricegainonMarch8,2007andMarch9,2007subsequenttotheannouncementofamalgamationofIPCLwithRelianceIndustriesLtd,whichispersonactinginconcertwithRPIL. •InsidertradingTransaction:RPIL(“Noticee”)tradedinthescripofIPCLwhileinthepossessionofUPSIpriortothedeclarationofdividendandamalgamationofIPCLwithRelianceIndustriesLimited.RPILreceivedadividendappoxRs.127.98LakhsandnotionalprofitofapproxRs.382.64Lakhs •SEBI’sDecision: SEBIimposeapenaltyofRS.11CronReliancePetroinvestmentsLtd.fortheviolationofRegulation3ofPITRegulations.
  • 48. Rajiv B. Gandhi, Sandhya R. Gandhi & Amishi B. Gandhi Vs. SEBI [2008] 84 SCL 192(SAT) •Facts:RajivB.Gandhi(Gandhi)appellantNo.1istheCompanySecretaryandChiefFinancialOfficerofWockhardtLimited(forshortthecompany).SandhyaGandhiappellantNo.2ishiswifeandAmishiGandhi(appellantNo.3)ishissister. •Insidertradingtransaction:-Theappellantshadsold3600shareson21.1.1999(beforetheboardmeetingheldonApril22,1999at11.30a.mcalledfordemerger)and22.1.1999(inthefirsthalfhourbeforethemarketcouldreacttothenews)onthebasisofunpublishedpricesensitiveinformation. AOheldthemInsiders&imposedafineofRs5Leach. TheHon’bleSATheldthat –Thewords“onthebasisof”aresignificantandmeanthatthetradesexecutedshouldbemotivatedbytheinformationinpossessionoftheinsider –Factsnecessarytoestablishthecontrarybeingespeciallywithintheknowledgeoftheinsider,theburdenofprovingthosefactsisuponhim. –SATupheldAO’sorder.
  • 49. Conversion of Listing Agreements into Regulations- SEBI (Listing Obligations and Disclosure Requirements) Regulations, 2014 (LODR)
  • 50. Ambit of Listed Companies as per Companies Act, 2013 A company which has any of its securities listed on any recognized stock exchange. Meaning thereby Thecompanyevenifhavingitsdebentures/preferencesharelistedonanyrecognizedstockexchangeisnowdeemedtobeconsideredastheListedCompany.
  • 52. Securities proposed to be covered under LODR?? oSpecifiedSecurities(includingequityandconvertibles)-ListedonMainBoard&SMEPlatform oNon-ConvertibleDebtSecurities oNon-ConvertibleRedeemablePreferenceShares oIndianDepositoryReceipts oSecuritisedDebtInstruments oUnitsissuedbyMutualFundsScheme
  • 53. Main Highlights of LODR oMandatoryfilingonStockExchangesthroughelectronicplatform; oMandatoryappointmentofCompanySecretaryascomplianceofficerexceptforunitsofMutualFundslistedonStockExchanges; oIntroductionofconceptoffilingInformationMemorandumonanannualbasis; oIncorporatingintheproposedRegulations,mandatetoregisterinSCORESforredressalofinvestorgrievances; oApplicabilityofequitysegmentprovisionsontheentitieswhohaveonlydebtsecuritieslisted.Foreg:FilingofFormBasrequiredtobefiledalongwithAnnualReportonanannualbasis oNecessitytoexecuteshortenedversionofListingAgreementwithin6monthsofnotificationoftheseregulations.
  • 54. Settlement of Administrative and Civil Proceedings
  • 55. Extant procedure Formal SCN Suomotto, Consent applications OR This was resulting in delay in conclusion of proceedings and resultant wastage of resources
  • 56. PROPOSED PROCESS OF SETTLEMENT OF ADMINISTRATIVE AND CIVIL PROCEEDINGS Solution Proposed by SEBI (Well’s Notice) In minor violations, before the issuance of the SCN, an intimation be sent to the Noticee, informing him of the impending enforcement action. Thus, enabling them to seek settlement of proceedings or make voluntary submissionseven prior to the SCN The name "Wells notice" is derived from the Wells Committee of the SEC, on the name of its Chairperson, John A. Wells
  • 57. oRe-classificationofPromoterstoPublic TheissuewasfirsthighlightedwhenSEBIdisallowedaproposalbyGilletteIndia. INAPRIL2013,SEBIrejectedGillette’sproposalofreclassifyingapromoterasanon- promoter. TheshareholdingstructureoftheCompanywas: Other Valuable Decisions Indian Promoters 47.7% Foreign Promoters 41.05% Public Shareholding 11.25 88.75% Less than the MPS norms The company intended to comply with Cl 40A under the head ‘other means’.
  • 58. Effective Regulation can make a massive contribution to achieving our shared goals of improving Competitiveness, Jobs & Growth.. -John Hutton
  • 59. Thank You Pavan Kumar Vijay Corporate Professionals Capital Private Limited D-28, South Extension –I, New Delhi-110 049 Ph: +91.11.40622200; Fax: +91.11.40622201; E: pkvijay@indiacp.com