Pearson 6th Earth Science terms and defintions

1. Ch. 11-The Oceans

2. 1. _____- so und n avigation a nd r anging sonar

3. 2. _________________- relatively flat part of the continent that is under seawater continental shelf

4. 3. _________________- steeply dipping surface between the continental shelf and the ocean basin continental slope

5. 4. _______________- flat, almost level part of ocean basin abyssal plain

6. 5. _________________-underwater mountain chain mid-ocean ridges

7. 6. _______- a long, narrow, steep sided depression where one crustal plate sinks beneath another; deepest- trench Mariana Trench Subduction zone

10. 7. __________- cracks in the Earth’s crust through which molten materials rise (new crust is made) rift valley

13. 8. ______- rhythmic movement of energy through matter or space wave

16. D. ____________- vertical distance between crest and trough wave length wave height C. ___________- horizontal distance from one cr est to t he next

17. E. ___________- number of waves that pass a point in a certain amount of time frequency

18. 9. ________- extremely dangerous and powerful ocean waves usually caused by an earthquake tsunami

19. 10. ________________- ocean current that flows__________ to the shore. longshore current parallel

20. 11. __________ - narrow ocean current that flows at a right angle from the shore. rip current

21. 12. ______- shallow water waves caused by the gravitational pull of the sun, moon and Earth and size and shape of the tidal basin tides

22. sun moon Earth A. ______________- when the highest high tides and lowest low tides occur; sun, moon and Earth are in a row spring tides

24. sun moon Earth B. ____________- minimum tides: moon is at a right angle to Earth neap tides

26. C. ____________- difference between high and low tide Tidal range

27. C:ocuments and Settingsenny.bentonocal Settingsemporary Internet].wav 13. ____________- the measure of dissolved solids in ocean water salinity

29. 14. ________________- removal of salt from ocean water to make fresh water desalination

33. 15. _________________- currents carried by the wind A. Influenced by: (1) _____________ (2)______________ B. West coast- _______ East coast- _______ surface currents The Coriolis Effect Continents cold warm

36. 16. Layers of the ocean: A. _____________- fairly warm; down to about 200-300 m B. _____________- about 5 º C; layer of separation C. ______________- 1 º C; approximately 3000 m surface zone thermocline deep zone

37. surface zone thermocline deep zone

38. 17. ______________-area where nutrient rich water rises to the top; rich fishing area upwelling

39. 18._______- pattern of weather of an area over a long period of time climate

40. 19. _________- an abnormal climate event that occurs every 2-7 years in the Pacific Ocean; makes cold waters warm El Ni ño (La Ni ña is the cold current).

41. 20. _____________ ________________- currents that move because of changes in temperature and/or salinity density or deep water currents

42. the end