Introduction to XML

Introduction to XML Jussi Pohjolainen TAMK University of Applied Sciences

What is XML? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

XML Document ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Binary vs. Text ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

XML Doc Advantages ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

.doc – file format Windows MS Word 2000 Mac OS X Since .doc is closed binary-format, there are very few alternatives for word processors that fully support the doc – file format 0101011010101010001010 1010101110101010001011 1010101110101010110101 1110101010101010101010

.docx – file format (Office Open XML) Windows MS Word 2007 Mac OS X Hopefully in the future there will be loads of free programs that support this new open and easy access file format <xml> <heading1>title</heading1> . . </xml> Now the format is open and it's much easier to access

SGML vs. XML SGML: Standard Generalized Markup Language XML HTML (.html) XHTML (.xhtml) MathML (.mml) OOXML (.docx)

XML – Meta Language ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

XHTML - Example ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

SVG - Example ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

MathML (Open Office) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

RSS 2.0 - Example ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

XML Editors ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

WELL FORMED XML - DOCUMENT ,[object Object]

Correctness ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Simple Generic XML Example ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

XML-Declaration ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Comparing Declarations ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Same Declaration

Element vs. Tag vs. Attribute ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Rules about Elements ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Rules about Attributes ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Naming Tags ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Well-Formed XML ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Is this Well-Formed XML Document? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

VALID XML DOCUMENT ,[object Object]

Valid XML ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

DTD Linking ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Rules for XHTML elements (order, names, etc)

DTD Linking Defines the structure, tag names and order for all xhtml - documents W3C has created XML-language "XHTML" by defining it's rules in DTD.

Is this valid XML Document? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Invalid XHTML-document ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Invalid XHTML in Browser? May work... or not. Browser tries to detect the errors and tries to understand them. If it works with one browser, are you certain that it works with all other browsers? And with all the versions with the browsers? What about browsers in handheld devices? And it might work now, but what about future ? How will Firefox 5.0 handle incorrect web pages?

Invalid XML in General ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Example: MathML and Open Office

Open the Document in External Editor

Modify and Save the Document Break the XML file

Result Nope.. It does not try to understand the errors in the document. It does not handle the document at all.

Benefits of WF and Valid ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Case: TAMKOtuki ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Introduction to XML

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Introduction to XML