1. 01/29/15 MBE.KU. .ดร พงษ์ศักดิ์ สวัสดิเกียรติ1
Marketing Process Activities
Understand the organization’s missionUnderstand the organization’s mission
Set marketing objectivesSet marketing objectives
Gather, analyze, interpret “SWOT” informationGather, analyze, interpret “SWOT” information
Develop a marketing strategyDevelop a marketing strategy
Implement the marketing strategyImplement the marketing strategy
Design performance measuresDesign performance measures
Evaluate marketing efforts--change if neededEvaluate marketing efforts--change if needed
2. 01/29/15 MBE.KU. .ดร พงษ์ศักดิ์ สวัสดิเกียรติ2
CHANGING
ASSUMPTION IN
STRATEGIC
MARKETING
MARKETING DEPARTMENT DOES IN MARKETING
MARKETING INTEGRATES THE WORK OF EXPLOING
CREATING AND DELIVERING CUSTOMER VALUES
FOCUSES ON “INTERRUPTION” MARKETING
FOCUSES ON “PERMISSION” MARKETING
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FOCUSES ON ACQUIRING NEW CUSTOMERS
FOCUSES ON CUSTOMER RETENTION & LOYALTY
FOCUSES ON IMMEDIAT TRANSACTIONS
FOCUSES ON CAPTURING CUSTOMER
LIFE TIME VALUES (CLV)
MARKETING EXPENDITUREES ARE VIEW AS EXPENSES
MUCH MARKETING EXPENDITURES ARE VIEWED
AS INVESTMENT
4. 01/29/15 MBE.KU. .ดร พงษ์ศักดิ์ สวัสดิเกียรติ4
Strategic Planning
RESOURCES &
OBJECTIVES
EVOLVING
MARKET
OPPORUNITIES
LONG RUNLONG RUN
PROFITABILITYPROFITABILITY
AND GROWTHAND GROWTH
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Defining the Business
Mission
• Answers the question:
What business are we in and
where are we going?
• Focuses on the market(s) rather than
the good or service
• Strategic Business Units may also
have a mission statement
8. 01/29/15 MBE.KU. .ดร พงษ์ศักดิ์ สวัสดิเกียรติ8
ategic Choices Taken from SWOT
STRENG
THS
WEAKNESS
ES
OPPORTUNI
TIES
THREATS
กลยุทธ์เชิงรุก
Proactive
กลยุทธ์ร่วมดำำเนิน
กำร Joint Venture
etc.
กลยุทธ์เพิ่มคุณภำพหรือ
ปรับปรุงจุดอ่อน
Improve Quality
กลยุทธ์ชะลอหรือหลีก
เลี่ยง Retrenchment or
Divestitures
9. 01/29/15 MBE.KU. .ดร พงษ์ศักดิ์ สวัสดิเกียรติ 9
Potential
Entrants
(Threat of mobility)
Barrier to entry
Suppliers
(Supplier
power)
Industry
Competitors
(Segment rivarity)
Buyers
(Buyer
Power)
Substitute
Product
10. 01/29/15 MBE.KU. .ดร พงษ์ศักดิ์ สวัสดิเกียรติ10
Factors Influencing Company
Marketing Strategy
Target
customers
Product
Promotion
Place Price
M
arketing
inform
ation
system
M
arketing
planning
system
M
arketing
organization
system
M
arketing
organization
and
im
plem
entation
Demographic/Demographic/
economiceconomic
environmentenvironment
Social/Social/
culturalcultural
environmentenvironment
Technological/Technological/
physicalphysical
environmentenvironment
Political/Political/
legallegal
environmentenvironment
Competitors
Marketing
intermediaries
PublicsSuppliers
11. 01/29/15 MBE.KU. .ดร พงษ์ศักดิ์ สวัสดิเกียรติ11
SWOT Analysis
Production Costs
Marketing Skills
Employee Capabilities
Financial Resources
Available Technology
Company/Brand Image
Strengths and WeaknessesStrengths and Weaknesses
INTERNALINTERNAL
Strengths and WeaknessesStrengths and Weaknesses
INTERNALINTERNAL
12. 01/29/15 MBE.KU. .ดร พงษ์ศักดิ์ สวัสดิเกียรติ12
SWOT Analysis
Opportunities and ThreatsOpportunities and Threats
EXTERNALEXTERNAL
Opportunities and ThreatsOpportunities and Threats
EXTERNALEXTERNAL
POLITICAL / LEGAL
ECONOMIC
SOCIAL
TECHNOLOGY
COMPETITIVE
DEMOGRAPHIC
13. 01/29/15 MBE.KU. .ดร พงษ์ศักดิ์ สวัสดิเกียรติ13
Environmental Scanning
Collection and interpretation of
information about forces, events
and relationships in the external
environment that may affect the
future of the organization or the
marketing plan implementation.
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Political
• ecological/environmental issues
• current legislation home market
• future legislation
• European/international
legislation
• regulatory bodies and
processes
• government policies
• government term and change
• trading policies
• funding, grants and initiatives
• home market lobbying/pressure
groups
• international pressure groups
• wars and conflict
Economic
• home economy situation
• home economy trends
• overseas economies and trends
• general taxation issues
• taxation specific to
product/services
• seasonality/weather issues
• market and trade cycles
• specific industry factors
• market routes and distribution
trends
• customer/end-user drivers
• interest and exchange rates
• international trade/monetary
issues
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Social
• lifestyle trends
• demographics
• consumer attitudes and opinions
• media views
• law changes affecting social
factors
• brand, company, technology
image
• consumer buying patterns
• fashion and role models
• major events and influences
• buying access and trends
• ethnic/religious factors
• advertising and publicity
• ethical issues
Technological
• competing technology development
• research funding
• associated/dependent technologies
• replacement technology/solutions
• maturity of technology
• manufacturing maturity and capacity
• information and communications
• consumer buying
mechanisms/technology
• technology legislation
• innovation potential
• technology access, licencing,
patents
• intellectual property issues
• global communications
18. 01/29/15 MBE.KU. .ดร พงษ์ศักดิ์ สวัสดิเกียรติ18
SW
• Resources: financial,
intellectual, location
• Customer service
• Efficiency
• Infrastructure
• Quality
• Staff
• Management
• Price
• Delivery time
• Cost
• Capacity
• Relationships with
customers
• Brand strength
• Local language knowledge
• Ethics
• principles
OT
• Political/Legal
• Market Trends
• Economic condition
• Expectations of
stakeholders
(ผู้ถือเงินเดิมพัน)
• Technology
• Public expectations
• Competitors and competitive
actions
• Bad PR
• Criticism (Editorial)
• Global Markets
19. 01/29/15 MBE.KU. .ดร พงษ์ศักดิ์ สวัสดิเกียรติ19
Wal-Mart
S
Wal-Mart is a powerful retail
brand. It has a reputation for
value for money, convenience
and a wide range of products
all in one store.
W
Wal-Mart is the World's largest
grocery retailer and control of
its empire, despite its IT
advantages, could leave it weak
in some areas due to the huge
span of control.
O
To take over, merge with, or
form strategic alliances with
other global retailers, focusing
on specific markets such as
Europe or the Greater China
Region.
T
Being number one means that
you are the target of
competition, locally and
globally.
20. 01/29/15 MBE.KU. .ดร พงษ์ศักดิ์ สวัสดิเกียรติ20
Starbucks
S
Starbucks Corporation is a very
profitable organization, earning
in excess of $600 million in
2004.
W
Starbucks has a reputation for
new product development and
creativity.
O
New products and services that
can be retailed in their cafes,
such as Fair Trade products.
T
Starbucks are exposed to rises
in the cost of coffee and dairy
products.
24. 01/29/15 MBE.KU. .ดร พงษ์ศักดิ์ สวัสดิเกียรติ24
Competitive Advantage
The set of unique features of
a company and its products that are
perceived by the target market as significant
and superior to the competition.
26. 01/29/15 MBE.KU. .ดร พงษ์ศักดิ์ สวัสดิเกียรติ26
Cost Leadership
• Obtain inexpensive raw
materials
• Create efficient
operations
• Design products for
manufacture
• Control overhead costs
• Avoid marginal
customers
27. 01/29/15 MBE.KU. .ดร พงษ์ศักดิ์ สวัสดิเกียรติ27
Cost Competitive Advantage
Being the low-cost
competitor in an
industry while
maintaining
satisfactory
profit margins.
28. 01/29/15 MBE.KU. .ดร พงษ์ศักดิ์ สวัสดิเกียรติ28
Sources of Cost Reduction
Experience CurvesExperience Curves
Efficient LaborEfficient Labor
No-frills ProductsNo-frills Products
Government SubsidiesGovernment Subsidies
Product DesignProduct Design
ReengineeringReengineering
Production InnovationsProduction Innovations
New Delivery MethodsNew Delivery Methods
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Differentiation
Competitive Advantage
Advantage achieved when a firm
provides something that is unique
and valuable to buyers beyond
simply offering a lower price than
the competition.
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SERVICE DIFFERENTIATION
1) DELIVERY
2) INSTALLATION
3) TRAINING
4) CONSULTANT SERVICE
5) REPAIR
6) MISCELLANEOUS
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PERSONAL DIFFERENTATION
1) COMPETANCE
2) COURTSY
3) CREDITABILITY
4) RELIABILITY
5) RESPONSIBILITY
6) COMMUNICATION
IMMAGE DIFFERENTIATION
1) SYMBOL
2) WRITEN AUDIO
VISUAL
3) ATMOSPHERE
34. 01/29/15 MBE.KU. .ดร พงษ์ศักดิ์ สวัสดิเกียรติ34
Sources of Differential
Competitive Advantage
Value impressions
• Features of a
product that signal
value
VALUE PERSIVE
Augmented products
• Features of a
product that are not
expected by the
customer
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Niche
Competitive
Advantage
Advantage achieved when a firm seeks
to target and effectively serve a small
segment of the market.
37. 01/29/15 MBE.KU. .ดร พงษ์ศักดิ์ สวัสดิเกียรติ37
Niche Competitive
Advantage
• Used by small companies
with limited resources
• May be used in a limited
geographic market
• Product line may be focused
on a specific product line
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Sustainable
Competitive Advantage
A differential advantage
that cannot be copied
by the competition.
39. 01/29/15 MBE.KU. .ดร พงษ์ศักดิ์ สวัสดิเกียรติ39
Sources of Sustainable
Competitive Advantage
PatentsPatents
CopyrightsCopyrights
LocationsLocations
EquipmentEquipment
TechnologyTechnology
Customer ServiceCustomer Service
PromotionPromotion
Organization’sOrganization’s
Skills and AssetsSkills and Assets
Organization’sOrganization’s
Skills and AssetsSkills and Assets
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Market
Penetration
Market
Development
Product
Development
Diversification
Market development
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Strategic Alternatives
Market
Penetration
Market
Penetration
Increase market share among
existing customers.
Increase market share among
existing customers.
Market
Development
Market
Development
Attract new customers
to existing products
Attract new customers
to existing products
DiversificationDiversification Introduce new products
into new markets.
Introduce new products
into new markets.
Product
Development
Product
Development
Create new products
for present markets
Create new products
for present markets
1. Intensive Growth Strategies:
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3. Diversification
Concentrict
Horizontal
Conglomerate
4.DOWN SIZING
Theatre business
Bowling and
Karaoke business
Advertising
business
Rental and
Services business
Films Distribution
business
45. 01/29/15 MBE.KU. .ดร พงษ์ศักดิ์ สวัสดิเกียรติ45
Portfolio Matrix
Tools for allocating resources among
products or strategic business units on the
basis of relative market share and market
growth rate.
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BCG Portfolio Matrix
MARKET SHARE DOMINANCE
HIGH LOW
MARKETGROWTHRATE
LOWHIGH
High growth
Market leaders
Require cash
Low growth
High market share
High cash flow
Low growth
Low market share
Minimal cash flow
? High growth
Low market share
Need cash
Poor profit margins
$$
47. 01/29/15 MBE.KU. .ดร พงษ์ศักดิ์ สวัสดิเกียรติ47
Portfolio Matrix Example
Notebook
Computer
(STAR)
Palmtop
(PROBLEM
CHILD)
Personal
Computer
(CASH COW)
Mainframe
Computer
(DOG)
MARKETGROWTHRATE
LOWHIGH
MARKET SHARE DOMINANCE
HIGH LOW
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Strategies for Resource
Allocation
BuildBuild
HoldHold
HarvestHarvest
DivestDivest
Provide financial resources if SBU (Problem
Child) has potential to be a Star.
Preserve market share if SBU is a successful
Cash Cow. Use cash flow for other SBUs.
Increase short-term cash return. Appropriate
for all SBUs except Stars.
Get rid of SBUs with low shares in
low-growth markets.
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Industry attractiveness at
• Industry attractiveness
• Market size
• Market growth
• Profitability
• Cyclicality
• Ability to recover from inflation
• World scope
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Business strength at
• Business strength
• Market position
• Domestic market share
• World market share
• Share growth
• Share compared with leading competitor
• Competitive strengths
• Quality leadership
• Technology
• Marketing
• Relative profitability
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Marketing PlanMarketing Plan
• MIS /MARKETTING RESERCH
• MARKETING ENVIRONMENT
• CONSUMERMARKETTING /BUYERBEHAVIOR PEST
• ORGANIZATION MARKETING /BEHAVIOR
• COMPETITOR S/W
1. ANALYSING MKT OPPORTUNITY
2. RESERCH AND SELECTING
MEASURING / FORECASTING MARKETTING
IDENTIFY MARKETTING SEGMENT / SELECT
TARGET MARKETTING / DEVELOPING
MARKETTING POSITION
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Promotion
Design
Product Mix
Etc.
Segment
choice
Product Price Distribution Communication
Channels Logistics Sales
Force
AD ./ PR Promotion
Marketing
Mix
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Marketing
control
• Annual plan control
• Profitability control
• Startegic control
Marketing planMarketing plan
Executive summary
Current market situation
⇒ Marketting situation
⇒ Product situation
⇒ Competitive situation
⇒ Marcro environment situation
Opportunity and issue analysis
⇒ Opportunity / threath
⇒ strength / weeknes
Objective
⇒ Financial objective
⇒ Marketting objective
Marketting startegies
Action program
Project profit / loss stagement
Control
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Marketing Plan Checklist
A. Marketing data collection
a) Product background, market size, growth
and other significant characteristics
• Unusual seasonal pattern
• Geographic concentration
• Ethnic, age, income or other
b) Competitive Situation
• Competitors’ production capacities
• Competitors’ product attributes
• Competitors’ particular talents or capabilities to
fill the needs
• Competitive price structures
• Competitive channels of distribution, etc
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B. Product Marketing opportunity
a) Consumer needs
Price / size / shape
Packaging
Service
Quality, etc.
b) Competitive strength
Price / size / shape
Packaging
Service
Quality, etc.
c) Company’s particular talents or
capabilites to fill the need.
Price / size / shape
Product quality
Company’s dealers network
Production capacity
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d) Area of opportunities
Price / size / shape
Packaging
Service
Quality, etc.
C. Product Strategies and plans
a) Sales forecast
Short and long term projection
Sales objectives
Sales strategies
b) Sales / Distribution channels
Objectives
Strategies
c) Sales force plan
Objectives
Strategies
d) Pricing and profit
List price and trade margins
Suggested retail. price
Delivered company profit margins
and trade margins
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e) Market expansion plan
General objectives
Strategies
Ares of expansion
Desired timing and season factors
f) Export market plan
General objective
Volume to be exported
Pricing and desired timing
g) Sales promotion
Objectives
Basic strategies
Program of activities
Benefits and costs
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h) Advertising
Objectives
Basic advertising strategies
Benefits and costs
i) Market research
Objectives
Basic strategies
Program of activities
Benefits and costs
D. Other Considerations
1. Manufacturing
a) Requirements to meet sales projection
Assumptions
Present production capacity
Additional machineries requirements
Lead time from commitment of
investment to availability of initial finished stock.
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b) Possible manufacturing problems
anticipated
2. Other Investments
a) Land, buildings, trucks and other
requirements
b) Lead time requirements
c) Cost, etc.
3. Technical Research
a) Most significant technical problems
b) Planned technical approach
c) Schedule of events in technical
development
d) Applications of this development work
in other areas.
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4. Packaging Development
a) Planned approach
b) Advantages VS disadvantages
c) Schedule of events in packaging
development
Design
Costing and available sources
Consumer / dealer
preference probing
Transit test
5. Legal Considerations
a) Trademark
b) Government restrictions
c) Other legal requirements
E. Financial Summary and Schedule
Projected Budget of Expenditures : Selling expenses, Sale
promotion, Advertising, Market research, others.
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Following Up the Marketing
Plan
Implementation
Evaluation
Control
Marketing Audit
Comprehensive
Systematic
Independent
Periodic
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MISMIS
CHANGING CUSTOMER NEEDS
NEW COMPETITOR INITIATIVE
CHANGING DISTRIBUTION CHANNAL
4 M + I4 M + I
MAN
MONEY
MATERIAL
MACHINE
+ INFORMATION
NEED MIS BECAUSENEED MIS BECAUSE
MARKETING CHANGEMARKETING CHANGE
LOCAL
BYER NEED
PRICE
NATIONAL GLOBAL
BUYER WANT
NON PRICE
73. 01/29/15 MBE.KU. .ดร พงษ์ศักดิ์ สวัสดิเกียรติ73
The Marketing Research
Process
Define the
problem
and
research
objectives
Define the
problem
and
research
objectives
Develop
the
research
plan
Develop
the
research
plan
Collect
the
informa-
tion
Collect
the
informa-
tion
Analyze
the
informa-
tion
Analyze
the
informa-
tion
Present
the
findings
Present
the
findings
74. 01/29/15 MBE.KU. .ดร พงษ์ศักดิ์ สวัสดิเกียรติ74
Research Limitations
• Test market products are offered at
unprofitable levels
• Researchers ignore factors that
influence sales
• The test marketing ends before
consumers repurchase the product
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Ethical Responsibilities
• Responsibility to respondents
• Preserving respondent anonymity
• Avoiding mental stress for respondents
• Avoiding questions detrimental to
respondents
• Avoiding use of dangerous equipment or
techniques
• Avoiding deception of respondents
• Avoiding coercion of respondents
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Ethical Responsibilities
• Responsibility to clients
• Providing confidentiality
• Providing technical integrity
• Providing administrative integrity
• Providing guidance on research usage
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Ethical Responsibilities
• Responsibility to employees
• Creating ethical work environment
• Avoiding opportunities for unethical behavior
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Total market situation
เมษายน 2542= 2.5 ล้าน=3.0% / สิงค์โปร= 41% เพราะราคาสูง มี
คชจ.รายเดือน ปี2544=3.6=4% 2546=22=34% 2547=27=34%
Pager market size
0.9-1.0 ล้านเครื่อง โฟนลิ้งค์ 0.35 ล้าน 60เปอร์เซนต์เป็นวัยรุ่น
20ข้อความแรกไร้สาระ และเป็นวันเวย์
Research on age below 25
Cost / Mobile unit / Feature
Promotion / After sale service
Non frequency user
Cost 500 รายเดือน / Mobile unit ราคาแพง / Feature ใช้งานได้น้อย(ไม่มีเกมส์
ฯลฯ) Promotion ไม่โดนใจ / After sale service ไม่สะดวก จุดบริการมีน้อย
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Brand name
Target group
Product develop
Marketing test
Follow up research
Lanch Product
feb 43 6 year=14 million
200,000 /month
TEST Target group
AIS customers
Potential customers
Nonuser
Pricing ……Break event…
5.5 บาท x 168 นาที=924 บาท
168x3+500 =1,004 บาท