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MS
PRESENTATION BY
 My sincere thanks are to keen philosopher of the Institute Rev. Sister silvy ,
whose inspiring leadership kept the despair and set backs at bay which alone
ensures that this work saw the light of the day. This work would not have
reached the standard and height it has without the guidance and support of
Mrs. Inderpreet Kaur AND miss amita walia whose conviction is reflected on
every page. This work owe’s much to the selfless help and co-operation of our
Teachers.
Dam is a solid barrier constructed at a suitable location across
a river valley to store flowing water.
Storage of water is utilized for following objectives:
 Hydropower
 Irrigation
 Water for domestic consumption
 For drought and flood control
 Other additional utilization is to develop fisheries.
 This type of dams are concrete
dams which are curved or convex
upstream in plan
 This shape helps to transmits
the major part of the worlds loads
to the abutments
 Arch dams are built across
narrow deep river gorges But now
in recent years they have been
considered even for little wider
valleys.
 Earth dams are trapezoidal in
shape
 Earth dams are constructed
where the foundation rocks are
weak to support
 Earth dams are relatively
smaller in height and broad at
the base
 They are mainly built with clay
, sand and gravel. hence they
are also known as Earth Fill
dam or Rock Fill dam
o Buttress Dam - Is a
gravity dam reinforced
by structural supports
o Buttress Dam –A
support that transmits
a force from a roof or
wall to another
supporting structure
This type of structure can be considered even if the foundation rocks
are little weaker
These dams are heavy and massive wall-like
structure of concrete in which the whole weight
acts vertically downwards
 Bhakra dam is the highest
concrete gravity dam in asia and 2nd
highest in the world
 This dam is present across the
river Sutlej in himachal Pradesh
 About construction it was started
in the year 1948,completed in 1963
Details: About measurements 740 ft high from the deepest foundation
as
straight concrete dam being more than 3 times the height of Qutub
Minar.
The reservoirs,which lies in the
upstream side(when full),contain an
enormous plenty of water due to
great extent, on downward side of
the dam,the water level wil be very
low.due to this difference in
levels,the reservoir water attempts
to leak through the rocks of dam
with considerable pressure and
emerge in the downstream side
Dams are needed in
places of permanent
Drought. To act as
barriers to hold
drinking
Water.
 Themostprominentuseof large
damsis forhydroelectricpower
generation,combinedwitha
hydropowerplant.Comparedto
otherrenewablesources,hydropower
producesthemostcost-efficient
energyat costsas lowas 2 US¢/kWh.
 Waterstoredin a reservoiris
usedtoirrigateagricultural
crops.It is estimatedthat30-
40%of irrigatedlands
worldwide,whichcontribute12-
16%of globalfoodproduction,
relyon dams.
 Ferry transportation began in 1860s, they now use
barges
 Economical
 Consumer Benefits
 Relieves rail congestion
The Pacific Northwest Barge Industry on the Columbia-Snake River
System by American Waterways Operation 1992-3
http://www.bluefish.org/pnbarge.htm
 Especially in urban areas, reservoir storage
capacities are used to supply drinking water
or water for industrial purposes.
 As a positivesideeffect,dam
structuresoftenofferfloodprotection
by regulatingwaterdischargeand
balancingrunoffdifferences.
 The navigability of a water system
enabledthrough the regulation by
the dam may provide an impetus for
trade and development. Inland
navigation is the most cost effective
and least pollutingmeans of
transportation.
 Finally, the lakes created
through water storage can
additionally serve recreational
and touristic purposes.
Provide Electricity for the
community
Roll on Columbia By Beth Gibson http://members.aol.com/Gibson0817/river.htm
Columbia and Snake River supply 63% of hydro electric energy
Grand Coulee when built provided work after great depression
Brought cheap electricity to the
areaHelped with the war
effortLater Industry moved to Pacific west because of
cheap energy supply
http://www.deniskingphoto.com/coulee_dam/coulee_dam3.html
•96%-98% pass safely through turbines
•Dams and turbines are not huge blenders
 “60%of totalstreamflowis regulatedby damsandreservoirsforflood
control”(JilesandSpencer,1995).
Thisis duetofloodpeaksbeingreduced,andtheuniformityinbase flow
beingincreasedthroughout.
Disadvantages of Dam
Dams have endangered some species of fish
Reservoirs can foster diseases if not properly
maintained
Reservoir water can evaporate significantly
Some researchers believe that reservoirs can
cause
earthquakes
 whena damfailsitcanbe catastrophic.
As recentlyas recentlyas 2004theBigBay
Damin Mississippibrokedestroyingnearly
fiftyhomes.It is a majorconcernincivil
engineeringtoseethatdamsare safefrom
hazardssuchaslandslidesand
earthquakes.
Dams are very costly projects,so their
construction in seismic areas needs careful
study to ensure their safety.when earth quakes
occurs,a dam is subjected to two forces are
due to the dam and due to reservoir water.
THANK U AND ALL

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DaMS

  • 2.  My sincere thanks are to keen philosopher of the Institute Rev. Sister silvy , whose inspiring leadership kept the despair and set backs at bay which alone ensures that this work saw the light of the day. This work would not have reached the standard and height it has without the guidance and support of Mrs. Inderpreet Kaur AND miss amita walia whose conviction is reflected on every page. This work owe’s much to the selfless help and co-operation of our Teachers.
  • 3. Dam is a solid barrier constructed at a suitable location across a river valley to store flowing water. Storage of water is utilized for following objectives:  Hydropower  Irrigation  Water for domestic consumption  For drought and flood control  Other additional utilization is to develop fisheries.
  • 4.
  • 5.  This type of dams are concrete dams which are curved or convex upstream in plan  This shape helps to transmits the major part of the worlds loads to the abutments  Arch dams are built across narrow deep river gorges But now in recent years they have been considered even for little wider valleys.
  • 6.  Earth dams are trapezoidal in shape  Earth dams are constructed where the foundation rocks are weak to support  Earth dams are relatively smaller in height and broad at the base  They are mainly built with clay , sand and gravel. hence they are also known as Earth Fill dam or Rock Fill dam
  • 7. o Buttress Dam - Is a gravity dam reinforced by structural supports o Buttress Dam –A support that transmits a force from a roof or wall to another supporting structure This type of structure can be considered even if the foundation rocks are little weaker
  • 8. These dams are heavy and massive wall-like structure of concrete in which the whole weight acts vertically downwards
  • 9.  Bhakra dam is the highest concrete gravity dam in asia and 2nd highest in the world  This dam is present across the river Sutlej in himachal Pradesh  About construction it was started in the year 1948,completed in 1963 Details: About measurements 740 ft high from the deepest foundation as straight concrete dam being more than 3 times the height of Qutub Minar.
  • 10. The reservoirs,which lies in the upstream side(when full),contain an enormous plenty of water due to great extent, on downward side of the dam,the water level wil be very low.due to this difference in levels,the reservoir water attempts to leak through the rocks of dam with considerable pressure and emerge in the downstream side
  • 11.
  • 12. Dams are needed in places of permanent Drought. To act as barriers to hold drinking Water.
  • 13.  Themostprominentuseof large damsis forhydroelectricpower generation,combinedwitha hydropowerplant.Comparedto otherrenewablesources,hydropower producesthemostcost-efficient energyat costsas lowas 2 US¢/kWh.
  • 14.  Waterstoredin a reservoiris usedtoirrigateagricultural crops.It is estimatedthat30- 40%of irrigatedlands worldwide,whichcontribute12- 16%of globalfoodproduction, relyon dams.
  • 15.  Ferry transportation began in 1860s, they now use barges  Economical  Consumer Benefits  Relieves rail congestion The Pacific Northwest Barge Industry on the Columbia-Snake River System by American Waterways Operation 1992-3 http://www.bluefish.org/pnbarge.htm
  • 16.  Especially in urban areas, reservoir storage capacities are used to supply drinking water or water for industrial purposes.
  • 17.  As a positivesideeffect,dam structuresoftenofferfloodprotection by regulatingwaterdischargeand balancingrunoffdifferences.
  • 18.  The navigability of a water system enabledthrough the regulation by the dam may provide an impetus for trade and development. Inland navigation is the most cost effective and least pollutingmeans of transportation.
  • 19.  Finally, the lakes created through water storage can additionally serve recreational and touristic purposes.
  • 20. Provide Electricity for the community Roll on Columbia By Beth Gibson http://members.aol.com/Gibson0817/river.htm Columbia and Snake River supply 63% of hydro electric energy Grand Coulee when built provided work after great depression Brought cheap electricity to the areaHelped with the war effortLater Industry moved to Pacific west because of cheap energy supply http://www.deniskingphoto.com/coulee_dam/coulee_dam3.html
  • 21. •96%-98% pass safely through turbines •Dams and turbines are not huge blenders
  • 22.  “60%of totalstreamflowis regulatedby damsandreservoirsforflood control”(JilesandSpencer,1995). Thisis duetofloodpeaksbeingreduced,andtheuniformityinbase flow beingincreasedthroughout.
  • 23. Disadvantages of Dam Dams have endangered some species of fish Reservoirs can foster diseases if not properly maintained Reservoir water can evaporate significantly Some researchers believe that reservoirs can cause earthquakes
  • 24.
  • 25.
  • 26.  whena damfailsitcanbe catastrophic. As recentlyas recentlyas 2004theBigBay Damin Mississippibrokedestroyingnearly fiftyhomes.It is a majorconcernincivil engineeringtoseethatdamsare safefrom hazardssuchaslandslidesand earthquakes.
  • 27. Dams are very costly projects,so their construction in seismic areas needs careful study to ensure their safety.when earth quakes occurs,a dam is subjected to two forces are due to the dam and due to reservoir water.
  • 28. THANK U AND ALL