1. Artificial
satellite
Prabhat kiran Bhandari
Roll no:131 B
High speed networking and
multimedia

2. Introduction
 Artificial satellites are placed on
space purposed for
telecommunication.
 Echo 1 is the first artificial satellite
 Launched in 1960.
 communications satellites
provide a microwave radio
relay technology
complementary to that
of communication cables.

3. Basics: How do Satellites Work
 Two Stations on Earth want to communicate through
radio broadcast but are too far away to use
 The two stations can use a satellite as a relay station
for their communication
 One Earth Station sends a transmission to the
satellite. This is called a Uplink.
 The satellite Transponder converts the signal and
sends it down to the second earth station. This is
called a Downlink.

4. Introduction
 A satellite in a
geostationary orbit
appears motionless, in
a fixed position in the
sky
 It revolves around
earth in own angular
velocity.
 ground antennas can
be aimed at the
satellite without their
having to track the
satellite's motion.

5. Frequency bands
  Different kinds of satellites use
different frequency
bands.
  S-Band: 2 to 4 GHz, used by MSS,
NASA, deep space research
 C-Band: 4 to 8 GHz, used by FSS

6. Application
 Telephone:
-The fixed Public Switched Telephone Network relays
telephone calls from land line telephones to an earth
station .
-It is precisely used in the area where the cable is not
feasible.
 Television :
requirement of high bandwidth in transmission.