ZigBee Technology

1. Zigbee
technology
 Submitted By:-PRANJUL MANI RASTOGI
 Branch:-EC-2
 Roll No.:-1214331105

2. CONTENTS
 What is ZigBee
 ZigBee Technical Goals
 IEEE 802.15.4
 WPANs
 Network Architecture
 ZigBee Device Model
 Operating Modes
 Simulation of ZigBee Networks
 ZigBee Vs other Network Protocols
 ZigBee Applications
 Conclusion

3. What is ZigBee
 ZigBee is a specification for a suite of high-level communication
protocols used to create personal area networks built from
small, low-power digital radios.

4. Introduction
 Emerging standardized protocol for Ultra low power Wireless
Personal Area Networks (WPANs)
 ZigBee is an established set of specifications for Wireless
Personal Area Networking (WPAN) i.e, digital radio
connections between computers and related devices.
 ZigBee is targeted at Radio-frequency (RF) applications which
require a low data rate, long battery life, and secure
networking.
 ZigBee networks are secured by 128 bit symmetric
encryption keys

5. CONTD.
 ZigBee devices can transmit data over long
distances by passing data through a mesh
network of intermediate devices to reach more
distant ones.
 ZigBee is often used in industrial automation and
physical plant operation.
 ZigBee is based on the Institute of Electrical and
Electronics Engineers Standards
Association's 802.15 specification.

6. ZigBee Technical Goals
 Maximum data rates allowed for each of these frequency
bands are fixed as 250 kbps @2.4 GHz, 40 kbps @ 915 MHz, and
20 kbps @868 MHz .
 10 to 100 m coverage range.
 Up to 100 collocated networks.
 Up to 2 years of battery life on standard alkaline
Batteries.

7. IEEE 802.15.4

8. IEEE 802.15.4
 IEEE 802.15 is a working group of the Institute of Electrical and
Electronics Engineers (IEEE) IEEE 802 standards committee which
specifies wireless personal area network (WPAN) standards.
 Low-Rate wireless PAN(e.g., ZigBee, WirelessHART, MiWi, etc.)
 Zigbee is set of high level communication protocols based upon the
specification produced by 802.15.4 - standard for wireless personal
area networks (WPANs)

9. Wireless Personal Area
Network(WPAN)
 A Personal Area Network (PAN) is a computer network used for data
transmission among devices such
as computers,telephones and personal digital assistants.
 Connections are wireless.
 Wireless PAN is based on the standard IEEE 802.15
 Technologies for WPAN:
o Wireless USB
o Bluetooth
o Wifi
o Infrared Data Association
o ZigBee, etc.

10. NETWORK ARCHITECTURE:
ZigBee

11. ZigBee Device Model
 ZigBee Coordinator (ZC)
- One and only one required for each ZigBee network.
- ZigBee Network has unique PAN ID and channel no
- Initiates network formation.
- Acts as 802.15.4 PAN coordinator (FFD).
- May act as router once network is formed.
 ZigBee Router (ZR)
- Optional network component.
- May associate with ZC or with previously associated ZR.
- Acts as 802.15.4 coordinator (FFD).
- Participates in multihop routing of messages.
 ZigBee End Device (ZED)
- Joins ZC or ZR.
- Optional network component.
- Acts as 802.15.4 End device (RFD).
- Optimized for very low power operation
- Shall not allow association and shall not participate in routing.

12. Operating Modes
Non Beacon enabled Networks
 ZigBee Routers typically have their receivers continuously active.
 Requires a more robust power supply.
Beacon enabled Networks
 ZigBee Routers transmit periodic beacons to confirm their presence
to other network nodes.
 Lowering their duty cycle and extending their battery life.
 Beacon intervals depend on data rate:
 15.36 milliseconds to 251.65824 seconds at 250 kbit/s
 24 milliseconds to 393.216 seconds at 40 kbit/s
 48 milliseconds to 786.432 seconds at 20 kbit/s.

13. Simulation of ZigBee
Networks
 Network simulators, like NS2, OPNET,
and NetSim can be used to simulate IEEE 802.15.4
ZigBee networks.
 These simulators come with open source C or C++
libraries for users to modify. This way users can
determine the validity of new algorithms prior to
hardware implementation.

14. ZigBee Vs Other Wireless
Protocols

15. ZigBee Vs Bluetooth
 Bluetooth targets medium data rate continuous duty
– 1 Mbps over the air, ~700 kbps best case data transfer
– File transfer, streaming telecom audio
– Point to multipoint networking
 ZigBee targets low data rate, low duty cycle
– 250 kbps over the air, 60-115 kbps typical data transfer
– Long battery life (weeks to months)
– More sophisticated networking

16. ZigBee Applications

17. ZigBee Home Automation

18. CONTD.
 Tested and proven standard for connecting devices in the
home.
 Energy management with Energy@home.
 Technical improvements for easier installation and upgrades.
 Achieve 2 year battery life for door locks and more than 7
years for security sensors.
 INTERNET CONNECTIVITY
 Control devices from anywhere in the world.
 Use mobile phones to control smart home.

21. Conclusion
 ZigBee will play a vital role in the mass adoption
of cost effective, low power, mesh networking
technology for monitoring and control
applications, based on an open global standard.
 Near Future more flexibility and cost savings for
consumers and greater control over household
appliances.
 Used for campus-wide electrical and security
systems from a single computer

22. THANK YOU