This document presents information on directed energy weapons (DEWs), specifically high power microwaves (HPM). It discusses how DEWs can meet military demands for countering artillery fire and disabling enemy assets. DEWs work by emitting concentrated beams of electromagnetic energy at the speed of light. HPM weapons generate intense microwave pulses that can overload electronics without harming people. The components of an HPM system include a pulse power generator, HPM source, antenna, and targeting systems. Capacitor banks and flux compression generators are discussed as methods for generating high voltage pulses. Applications of HPM weapons and e-bombs are addressed, along with the advantages and limitations of DEW technologies.

1. PAPER ON “DIRECTED ENERGY WEAPONS”
PRESENTED BY,
PRIYA.O
SANTHIYA.S

2. INTRODUCTION
• Today’s era is dominated by electronic warfare and smart weapons systems.
• Military planners and strategists look out
to acquire improved capabilities in countering artillery fire,
destruction of command and control assests
suppression of enemy air defence systems
Hence we go for DEW systems to meet the above mentioned demands.

3. DIRECTED ENERGY
WEAPONS
DEWs are beams of concentrated electronic magnetic
energy or subatomic particles to hit targets.
It is a weapon system that uses directed energy to
destroy enemy aerial targets, weapons, equipments and
personnel.
Energy released through DEW travels at speed of light
which is greater than both past and present conventional
weapons.

4. TYPES OF DEW
DEWs are of two types :
• HEL: High Energy Lasers use electric power or chemical fuel to emit highly focused beams of
low powered energy.
• HPM: High Power Microwaves emit low electrically powered pulse of microwave radiation at a
wide.

5. HIGH POWER MICROWAVES
HPM weapons generate an intense blast of microwave
energy strong enough to overload electrical circuitry,
inducing currents large enough to permanently damage
IC’s .
The system is designed to disrupt, degrade or destroy
electronics of the target by radiating electromagnetic
energy in the microwave frequency.
Humans remain unharmed and might not even know they
have been hit.

6. COMPONENTS OF AN HPM SYSTEM

7. COMPONENTS OF HPM
Pulse power: Consists of power supply and pulse power generators.
Drives the HPM sources.
HPM source: Impulsive sources and linear beam sources.
Microwave energy is generated.
Antenna : Directs the electromagnetic wave.
Interface between HPM source output and surrounding atmosphere.
Directivity plays an important role.
Also includes tracking, aiming and control systems.

8. PULSE POWER GENERATOR
• Delivers short,intense electrical pulses of 1MV at 1 μs.
• The required pulses can be generated by two ways:
Capacitor banks
Flux compression generator (FCG)

9. CAPACITOR BANKS
• Slowly-rising low voltage signal ----> fast-rising high voltage signal
• Capacitors are connected in parallel during charging process and in series during
discharge.
• If n capacitors are present, voltage delivered to the load would be n x v.
• Example: Marx bank

10. FLUX COMPRESSION GENERATOR
• FCG is capable of producing electrical energies of about tens of mega joules in ten
to hundreds of microseconds.
• A magnetic coil is compressed either by explosive or magnetic forces leading to
rapidly-rising current pulse.
• FCG constitutes an important component of an e-bomb.

11. CONSTRUCTION OF FCG

12. APPLICATION OF HPM

13. WORKING OF E BOMB

14. APPLICATION OF E BOMB
• E-bombs are the weapons of electrical mass destruction.
• An electromagnetic bomb makes use of a short, intense electromagnetic energy pulse .
• Affects the electronic circuitry with practically no effect to humans or buildings.
• First observed during the early testing of high altitude airburst nuclear weapons.
• Works on the principle of EMP method.

15. ADVANTAGES OF
DEW
• Speed-of-light delivery
• Area coverage of multiple targets
• Silent and stealthy weapons
• Minimum collateral damage
• Simplified tracking and beam pointing
• Easy to diffuse or destroy the missiles.
• Cost effective and doesn’t need frequent
replacements.

16. LIMITATIONS
• Shorter range compared to high energy laser weapons.
• No damage to thermionic technology devices.
• Energy released through DEW can travel limited distance of 100 km.
• HPM weapons are area weapons and could also destroy friendly unprotected systems within their
lethal footprint.
• Proper planning before an HPM attack could prevent unintended damage to friendly assets.

17. THANK YOU