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Dr shirish naik - Decentralized wastewater treatment systems
1. DECENTRALIZED WASTEWATER TREATMENT
SYSTEMS
Dr. SHIRISH NAIK,
Chairman and Managing Director,
Naik Enviro, Mumbai, India
Former Faculty, Indian Institute of Technology , Mumbai ,
India
www.naikenviro.com
6. DECENTRALIZED CONFIGURATIONS FOR COST
EFFECTIVENESS
NAIKENVIRO THE HEART-N-SCIENCE OF
ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
Drastic reduction in pipe sizes
Reduction in manhole depths
Reduction in depths and excavations
7. NAIK ENVIRO’S APPROACH
– DECENTRALIZED CONFIGURATIONS
NAIKENVIRO THE HEART-N-SCIENCE OF
ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
sources
treatment
Reuse/recycle
locations
CENTRALIZED
DE-CENTRALIZED
DRASTIC REDUCTION IN CAPEX AND OPEX
CAPEX/
OPEX
9. NUMBER OF ZONES AND DEMARKATION
ZONING
CONFIGURATION
DECISION
TOPOGRAPHY &
POPULATION
DENSITY PROFILE
SENSITIVE
ZONES, SOIL
PARAMETERS
ADMINISTRATIVE
BOUNDARIES &
AVAILABLE SITES
DIVIDERS
LIKE
RAILWAY
LINES,
RIVERS ETC
14. PHASED EXPANSION
ZONING WILL DEPEND ON PHYSICAL FEATURES
LIKE RIVERS FLOWING THROUGH CITY OR RAILWAY LINES
DIVIDING THE CITY INTO ZONES
15. STP SITE SELECTION CRITERIA
• Space availability
• Land Acquisition constraints
• Land cost
• Potential future uses of candidate sites
• Growth dynamics
• Sensitive receptors
• Soil mechanics
• Topography
• Treated sewage reuse zones
• Feasibility of laying sewer lines upto STP
• Invert depths of sewers at STP site
16. CANDIDATE SITES FOR STPS
• Sewage Pumping station premises
• Old STP premises
• Parks & Playgrounds (underground STPs)
• Reclaimed Landfill sites
• Span across Natural Drains
17. STP TECHNOLOGY SELECTION CRITERIA
• Foot print needed
• Environmental Impacts
• Sound
• Odour & aerosol contamination
• Land value impacts
• Complexity and extent of civil works
• Economic decision variables
• CAPEX
• OPEX
• Present Worth
• Technology Track Record, especially low flow
Handling capability
18. PRESENT WORTH ANALYSIS
• F= (1+(1+I)^n/((I*(1+I)^n
Capital cost
O&M cost
Convert O&M cost
To present worth
Present worth
Of capital cost
Presentworth
Time horizon
20. HEURISTIC CONSIDERATIONS IN PHASED
EXPANSION OPTIMIZATION
200 TIME HORIZON 0
TIME HORIZON 20
EXCESS CAPACITIESEXCESS CAPACITIES
EXCESS (IDLE) CAPACITIES REDUCE COST EFFECTIVENESS
21. ECONOMY OF SCALE CONCEPT
COSTPERUNITOFCAPACITY
CAPACITY
COSTPERUNITOFCAPACITY CAPACITY
WEAK ECONOMY OF SCALE
INDICATES PREFERENCE OF
MODULAR EXPANSION
STRONG ECONOMY OF SCALE
INDICATES PREFERENCE OF
LONG TERM DESIGN HORIZON
23. ALGORITHM FORHEURISTIC OPTIMIZATION OF
DECENTRALIZED WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT
• DATA COMPILATION
• Road Map of city with contours, land use pattern, physical features etc
• Population and population density overlay on map – present and 5
years time spans till say 20years
• Show per capita water use and sewage generation on plan
• Show treated water reuse/ recyle zones and demands on plan
• Show existing sewerage system, pumping stations and STPs on plan
• Show candidate STP and pumping station sites with plot areas and
tabulate soli data
• Show sensitive zones
• Show traffic density on road network and alternative routes
24. ALGORITHM FORHEURISTIC OPTIMIZATION OF
DECENTRALIZED WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT
• DATA COMPILATION
• Tabulate cost data for system components and develop rate
analysis chart, example..
• a) Cost per m of sewer line v/s dia and depth (all inclusive)
• b) Cost of manholes v/d depth and size
• c) Cost of u/g tanks v/s capacity and depth below GL
• d) Cost of pumping machinery v/s discharge and head
• e) Cost of substations v/s KVA
• f) Cost of various technologies-- v/s design flow for various
use options
25. ALGORITHM FORHEURISTIC OPTIMIZATION OF
DECENTRALIZED WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT
• DATA COMPILATION
• g) Cost of Power per Kwhr
• h) Manpower costs for various technologies v/s capacity
• i) Maintenance costs for various technologies v/s capacity
and equipment age
• j) Compile land costs at pumping station and STP sites
26. ALGORITHM FOR HEURISTIC OPTIMIZATION OF
DECENTRALIZED WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT
• Mark candidate STP locations and demarkate zones considering
cotours, roads, sensitive zones, population densities etc
• Mark main and sub main sewer networks terminating at STPs
and decide on number of zones and their demarcation. This is
the first option. Take the maximum number of zones you would
like to consider.
• Mark and compute drainage areas and multiply these by
population densities applicable and per capita sewage
generation. Use CPHEEO criteria to compute peak flows. Insert
the peak flow numbers on the networks
• Input the data for various zones into to a sewerage design
software or carry out the design using an excel template
27. ALGORITHM FOR HEURISTIC OPTIMIZATION OF
DECENTRALIZED WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT
• Plots invert level profiles on road map and decide on intermediate
pumping stations … compute CAPEX and OPEX of sewerage system
• Decide on time horizon for each zone based on flow estimates over 5
year intervals up to 20 years
• Compute space requirement for pumping stations and STPSs for the
ultimate stage. Check adequacy of space and find options. Make note
of space inadequacies for next iteration.
• Compute CAPEX including land costs and OPEX of zone STPs for
selected technologies
• Compute overall CAPEX, OPEX and present worth of the overall
system.
• Now you are ready for the next iteration in which you may merge
some zones and repeat the exercise.
29. NETWORKING & AUTOMATION OF
DECENTRALIZED STPS
• Control through SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data
Acquisition) Alerts on mobile phones of control team.
• Central control hub with mobile squad
• Visual observation and control through cameras, DVDs and
desktops
• Complete automation through Programmable Logic
Controls (PLCs)
31. Raw sewage tank
Rotating Media
Bio Reactors
Dual Media filters
Settlement tankSludge Dewatering
Systems
Raw sewage Pumps
9MLD COMPACT STP AT WADALA TRUCK TERMINUS
NAIKENVIRO THE HEART-N-SCIENCE OF
ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
34. PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM
Raw waste
water pumpScreen
RMBR
Flocculation Channel
Settling Tank
Filter Feed Tank
Pressure Sand Filter
Activated Carbon Filter
Meters:
1] Flow meter
2] pH meter
3] Temperature meter
4] DO meter
Treated
Water
Tank
Ozone Dosing
System
Sludge Dewatering System
Backwash/Rinse
Sludge
Treated
Water
Tank
NAIKENVIRO
36. SCADA
•The operating system at site is SCADA, which stands for supervisory control and data
acquisition. It is an industrial control system where a computer system monitors and
controls the ongoing operation/process.
•The software gives various information's like details of pump operation, breakdown
details, energy consumption, treated water quality parameters, historical trends etc.
Main Screen NAIKENVIRO
43. NAIKENVIRO THE HEART-N-SCIENCE OF
ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
DECENTRALIZED STP FOR MUNICIPAL CORPORATION OF MUMBAI 1 MLD
AT BANDRA, MUMBAI SEWAGE PUMPING STATION
44. NAIKENVIRO THE HEART-N-SCIENCE OF
ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
DECENTRALIZED STP BASED ON ROTATNG
MEDIA BIO REACTOR TECHNOLOGY FOR
MUNICIPAL CORPORATION OF MUMBAI 1 MLD
AT BANDRA, MUMBAI SEWAGE PUMPING
STATION– ELEVATION VIEW
45. DECENTRALIZED STP BASED ON ROTATNG
MEDIA BIO REACTOR TECHNOLOGY FOR
MUNICIPAL CORPORATION OF MUMBAI 1 MLD
AT BANDRA, MUMBAI SEWAGE PUMPING
STATION– BIRDS EYE VIEW
