1. The
Design
HCI human
Process
factor

2. starwars.wikia.com

3. Memory
• Long term memory: Learning
• Short term memory
• Working memory

4. 
Attention
Understanding attention processes
Note to self see - http://www.useit.com/alertbox/tunnel-vision.html
What is attention?

5. 
Attention
Understanding attention processes
Why is attention
relevant to
interface design?

6. Spotlight metaphor
What
makes the
spotlight
move?
Visualogist on flickr

7. Attention Control
Top-down
Bottom-up

8. Attention Control
Top-down Driven by:
Expectation
Intention
Bottom-up

10. Attention Control
Top-down
Captured by:
Salience
Newness
Facilitated by:
Person’s Bottom-up
attentional set

12. v
Visual Scanning s Visual Search

13. v
Visual Scanning s Visual Search

14. Visual Scanning
Influenced by
6 factors: 1 Habit
2 Attention capture
3 Info content: Event rate
4 Info content: Contextual relevance
5 Information value
6 Effort conservation

16. Visual Scanning
Probability of looking at an area:
Salience Effort
Expectancy
Value

17. v
Visual Scanning s Visual Search

18. Visual Search
The effort to detect a target item
whose presence or position in
the field is not known a priori.

19. Target
Well-specified Vague
Top-down Bottom-up

20. Field
Structured Predictable
Haphazard
In which type of field is it easier to find a target?

21. Facilitating Visual Search
How can we design interfaces
so it’s easier for people to find
what they need?

22. A target is easier to find if…
It is salient.
It is novel or unfamiliar among familiar items.
It possesses a unique feature rather than lacking it.*
It (not the distractors) deviates from a default value.*
Only one target needs to be sought at a time.

23. Presence/Absence of Unique Feature

24. Deviation from default value
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25. Summary
 Attentional Control
 Top-down vs. Bottom-up
 Visual Scanning
 6 factors that influence it
 Visual Search
 Target
 Field
 Facilitating it
Amazon.com