The document summarizes the process of transcription and translation in protein synthesis. [1] Transcription occurs in the cell nucleus, where RNA polymerase uses DNA as a template to produce mRNA. [2] The mRNA exits the nucleus and moves to the cytoplasm, where it binds to ribosomes. [3] Translation then occurs, as the ribosome reads the mRNA and pairs tRNAs with their complementary anticodons to add amino acids in the specified order and produce a polypeptide chain.
3. RNA Polymerase
• RNA Polymerase is the enzyme that makes all
of the RNA and Transcribes genes. The RNA
polymerase uses a strand of DNA as a
template which guides everything else so that
it makes a new strand of nucleic acid
4. A little bit of
the DNA
unwinds and
shows the
gene
responsible
for that
protein
RNA polymerase eventually
comes in and zips everything
up.
5. The mRNA leaves the nucleus and enters
the cytoplasm through the nuclear pores.
15. Transcription
• The mRNA is Transcribed by using one of the
strands of a DNA molecule. The RNA carries
genetic info to the ribosome from the DNA.
This information is then used to make
proteins. After this, DNA and RNA use coding
to match up all of the base pairs to form a
double helix. One of the three differences
between DNA and RNA is that DNA uses
Thymine while RNA is Uracil.
16. These are the three main steps of Transcription. The promoter region signals
the beginning of the gene, The operator region acts as an on/off switch, and
last but not least, the Terminator region marks the end of the gene.
Promoter Region RNA Coding Region
Terminator Region
