2. Individual Process And Behavior:
Attitude: Importance of attitude in an organization,
Right Attitude,
Components of attitude, Relationship between
behavior and attitude,
Developing Emotional intelligence at the workplace,
Job attitude, Barriers to
changing attitudes
4. Attitudes represent beliefs, feelings and
action tendencies towards objects, ideas or
people
5. “An Attitude is mental state of readiness, learned and
organized through experience, exerting a specific
influence on person’s response to people, object and
situations with which it is related”
8. Three Components of Attitude
Attitude
Affective Component
The feeling, sentiments, moods and emotions about some
idea, person, event or object
Cognitive Component
The belief, opinion, knowledge or information held by the
individual
Behavioral Component
The predispositions to get on a favorable or unfavorable
evaluation of something
9. FUNCTIONS OF ATTITUDE
Attitude serves four important functions:
The adjustment (Adaptive) function
Some attitudes serve to enable people to attain particular,
desired goals or avoid undesirable circumstance
The knowledge function
Some attitudes are useful because they help to make the
world more understandable. They help people ascribe
causes to events and direct attention towards features of
people or situations that are likely to be useful in making
sense of them.
10. The ego-defensive function
Some attitudes serve to protect the person that holds
them from psychologically damaging events or
information by allowing them to be recast in less
damaging or threatening ways.
The value expressive function
Some attitudes are important to a person because they
express values that are integral to that person’s self
concept (i.e. their ideas about who they are). The attitude
is, consequently, ‘part of who they are’ and the expression
of that attitude communicates important things about
that person to others.
11. Job-Related Attitudes
Job involvement ( Employee Engagement Kahn)
Extent that a person identifies with his job.
Organizational commitment
Extent that a person identifies with the organization.
This is a great predictor for turnover.
Job satisfaction (Edwin A. Locke’s)
A pleasurable or positive emotional state resulting from
the appraisa1 of one's job or job experiences“.
14. CHANGING ATTITUDES
Barriers to changing attitudes
There are two basic barriers that can prevent people from
changing their attitude. One is called prior commitment,
which occurs when people feel a commitment to a
particular course of action and are unwilling to change.
A second barrier is the result of insufficient information.
Sometimes people do not see any reasons to change
their attitude.
15. OVERCOMING BARRIERS
Providing information.
Use of fear
Resolving discrepancies
Influence of friends or peers
The co-opting approach
16. Changing Attitudes of Employees
Give feedback
Provide positive conditions
Positive Role model
Providing new information
Use of fear
Influence of friends or press
The co-opting approach
Group Membership
Rewards
Others
17. Changing Attitudes of Self
Be aware of one’s attitudes
Think for self
Realize that there are few, if any, benefits from
harboring negative attitudes
Keep an open mind.
Get into continuous education program
Build a positive self-esteem
Stay away from negative influences
19. Self-Fulfilling Prophecy:
Process by which ones expectations about another
person eventually lead the other person to behave in
ways that confirm these expectations
21. Measuring the A-B Relationship
Recent research indicates that the attitudes (A)
significantly predict behaviors (B) when moderating
variables are taken into account.
Moderating Variables
• Importance of the attitude
• Specificity of the attitude
• Accessibility of the attitude
• Social pressures on the individual
• Direct experience with the attitude
22. EI
Emotional intelligence is the capacity for recognizing
our own feelings and those of others for motivating
our selves, and for managing emotions well in
ourselves and in our relationship.” Daniel Goleman