ppt on Use of small turbines named Microturbine

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2. MICROTURBINE
PRESENTED BY-
RAHUL KUMAR PRASAD
MECHANICAL, ME-1, GRP-1
REDG. NO. : 1201219418
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3. Introduction
 Micro Turbines are new type of
combustion turbine used for energy
generation.
 They provide not only electricity , but
also the thermal energy for heating
needs.
 they typically have power outputs in
the range of 25 to 300kW.
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4. Need of Micro turbines
 Demand of alternate energy sources
 Need of energy in Remote locations
 Need of compact & portable power generator
 better efficiency and require infrequent maintenance.
 Need of clean energy generating device
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5. Micro Turbine producing power, as well as heat
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6. Components of Microturbine
 Compressor
 Combustor
 Generator
 Recuperator (Heat Exchanger)
 Turbine
 Power Electronics (Rectifier & Inverter)
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7. Combined Heat & Power (CHP) Diagram 7

8. Working Principle
 Micro turbines are small gas turbines, most of which feature an internal
heat exchanger called a recuperator.
 In a micro turbine, a radial flow (centrifugal) compressor compresses the
inlet air that is then preheated in the recuperator using heat from the
turbine exhaust.
 Next, the heated air from the recuperator mixes with fuel in the combustor
and hot combustion gas expands through the expansion and power
turbines. The expansion turbine turns the compressor and, in single-shaft
models, turns the generator as well.
 Finally, the recuperator uses the exhaust of the power turbine to preheat
the air from the compressor.
 Single-shaft models generally operate at speeds over 60,000 revolutions
per minute (rpm) and the permanent magnet generator generates electrical
power of high frequency, and of variable frequency (alternating current --
AC). This power is rectified to direct current (DC) and then inverted to
50/60 Hz for commercial use.
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9. Types of Microturbine
Unrecuperated Microturbine
Recuperated Microturbine
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10. Comparison
Unrecuperated
 Compressed air is mixed
with fuel and burned under
constant pressure
conditions.
 Efficiency 15%.
Recuperated
 A sheet metal heat exchanger
(recuperator) recovers
temperature of the air stream
supplied to the combustor.
 Efficiency 20~30%.
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11. Micro turbine Overview
 Commercially Available Yes (Limited)
 Size Range 25-500 kW
 Fuel Natural gas, hydrogen, propane,
diesel
 Efficiency 20-30% (Recuperated)
 Environmental Low (<9-50 ppm) Nox
 Other Features Cogeneration (50-80°C water)
 Commercial Status Small volume production,
commercial prototypes now.
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12. Advantages of Microturbine
 Small number of moving parts
 Compact size
 Lightweight
 Good efficiency in cogeneration
 Low emission
 Long maintenance interval
 less vibration
 Less noise than reciprocating engines
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13. Application of Microturbine
 Cogeneration
 Small scale power generation
 In Automobiles (turbocharger)
 Auxiliary power unit for air planes
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14. Microturbine Manufacturers
 Bowman power systems
 Capstone Turbine Cooperation
 Elliott energy systems
 Turbec AB
 Ingersoll-Rand Company
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