1 A Introduction

Medical Mycology Outline ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],www.freelivedoctor.com

INTRODUCTION www.freelivedoctor.com

A. Classification www.freelivedoctor.com

What is a Fungus ? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],www.freelivedoctor.com

Species of Fungi ,[object Object],[object Object],www.freelivedoctor.com

Kingdom Fungi Eukaryocytes ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],www.freelivedoctor.com

www.freelivedoctor.com KINGDOM CHARACTERISTIC EXAMPLE Monera Prokaryocyte Bacteria Actinomyces Protista Eukaryocyte Protozoa Fungi Eukaryocyte * Fungi Plants Eukaryocyte Plants Moss Animals Eukaryocyte * Arthropods Mammals Man

SIZE COMPARISON OF PATHOGENS www.freelivedoctor.com Cocci 0.8 u Bacilli 4-6 u Spirochetes 8 - 10 u Viruses 0.08 u Protozoa 15 u Nematodes 10 mm Fungi 10 – 15 u

Actinomyces (True Bacteria) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],www.freelivedoctor.com

MYCOTIC DISEASES (Four Types) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],www.freelivedoctor.com

Hypersensitivity ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],www.freelivedoctor.com

PATHOGENIC FUNGI ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],www.freelivedoctor.com

PARASITIC STATE ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],www.freelivedoctor.com

PATHOGENICITY OF FUNGI ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],www.freelivedoctor.com

REVIVED INTEREST IN MYCOLOGY ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],www.freelivedoctor.com

B. MORPHOLOGY www.freelivedoctor.com

MORPHOLGY ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],www.freelivedoctor.com

Dimorphic Fungi ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],www.freelivedoctor.com

SPORES ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],www.freelivedoctor.com

C. EPIDEMIOLOGY www.freelivedoctor.com

ECOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],www.freelivedoctor.com

Mycotic Diseases Are NOT Contagious www.freelivedoctor.com

ESTABLISHMENT OF INFECTION WITH A MYCOTIC AGENT DEPENDS ON ,[object Object],[object Object],www.freelivedoctor.com

THE CLINICIAN MUST DISTINGUISH BETWEEN: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],www.freelivedoctor.com

PORTAL OF ENTRY EYE SKIN UROGENITAL TRACT ANUS MOUTH RESPIRATORY TRACT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],www.freelivedoctor.com

COLONIZATION EYE SKIN UROGENITAL TRACT ANUS MOUTH RESPIRATORY TRACT Multiplication of an organism at a given site without harm to the host www.freelivedoctor.com

INFECTION EYE SKIN UROGENITAL TRACT ANUS MOUTH RESPIRATORY TRACT Invasion and multiplication of organisms in body tissue resulting in local cellular injury . www.freelivedoctor.com

GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION ,[object Object],www.freelivedoctor.com

Endemic Mycoses Those fungus infections with a limited geographic distribution. They are all caused by dimorphic fungi www.freelivedoctor.com

D. DIAGNOSIS www.freelivedoctor.com

Diagnosis 1. Wet Mount 2. Skin test 3. Serology 4. Fluorescent antibody 5. Biopsy and histopathology 6. Culture 7. DNA probes www.freelivedoctor.com

DIRECT MICROSCOPIC OBSERVATION ,[object Object],[object Object],www.freelivedoctor.com

KOH Wet Mount www.freelivedoctor.com

SKIN TESTING (DERMAL HYPERSENSTIVITY ) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],www.freelivedoctor.com

FUNGI ARE POOR ANTIGENS www.freelivedoctor.com

FUNGAL SEROLOGY ANTIBODIES ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],www.freelivedoctor.com

DIRECT FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY CAN BE APPLIED TO ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],www.freelivedoctor.com

INCUBATION TEMPERATURE ,[object Object],[object Object],www.freelivedoctor.com

E. TREATMENT www.freelivedoctor.com

THERAPY ,[object Object],www.freelivedoctor.com

A BASIC TENET OF PATHOLGY : ,[object Object],www.freelivedoctor.com

IN FUNGAL THERAPY ,[object Object],www.freelivedoctor.com

PRIMARY ANTI-FUNGAL AGENTS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],www.freelivedoctor.com

AMPHOTERICIN B Mechanism of Action ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],www.freelivedoctor.com

AMPHOTERICIN B Disadvantages ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],www.freelivedoctor.com

Azoles There are a few rare serious side effects from Itraconazole and Fluconazole www.freelivedoctor.com

PRIMARY ANTI-FUNGAL AGENTS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],www.freelivedoctor.com

Griseofulvin A slow acting drug used for skin and nail infections. It accumulates in the stratum corneum and prevent hyphal penetration through these layers www.freelivedoctor.com

5- fluorocytosine (5-FC) Interferes With RNA Synthesis www.freelivedoctor.com

MECHANISMS OF ACTION ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],www.freelivedoctor.com

F. Clinical Classification of Mycoses ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],www.freelivedoctor.com

Cutaneous Mycoses ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],www.freelivedoctor.com

Subcutaneous Mycoses ,[object Object],www.freelivedoctor.com

Systemic Mycoses ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],www.freelivedoctor.com

1 A Introduction

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1 A Introduction