1. M YC O B A C T E R IU
M
T U B E R C U L O S IS

2. INTRODUCTION
• THIS IS THE ORGANISM RESPONSIBLE FOR
CASUSING TUBERCULOSIS IN HUMAN BEINGS.
• ALONG WITH THAT “MYCOBACTERIUM BOVIS”
ALSO CAUSES TUBERCULOSIS IN HUMAN BEINGS.
A STUDY SHOWS THAT 40% OF PEOPLE
ARE SUFFERING FROM TUBERCULOSIS.

3. CULTURAL CHARACTERISTICS
• THEY GROW IN L-J MEDIUM WHICH IS
SELECTIVE FOR THE GROWTH OF THIS
BACTERIA.
• IT FORMS ROUND, CONVEX, WRINKLED
COLONY.
• IT CAN BE GROWN IN 25-37*C .

4. RESISTANCE
 THEY ARE DELICATE ORGANISMS WHICH
CAN BE KILLED BY PHYSICAL
STERILISATION AND CHEMICAL
STERILISATION.

5. ANTIGEN

6. TU BE R C U LIN TE S T
MONTOUX TEST

7. • TUBERCULIN IS A PROTEIN PREPARED BY
DESTROYING AND FILTRATING THE
BACTERIA .
• BY THIS METHOD SOME WHAT PURE
FORM OF PROTEIN IS PREPARED -
“PURIFIED PROTEIN DERIVATIVE”.
• 0.9ml PPD IS INJECTED INTRADERMALLY
INTO THE VENTRAL ASPECT OF THE
FOREARM & IT IS EXAMINED AFTER 48-
72hrs.
• IT MEASURES THE PRESENCE OF T-

8. • IT ALSO MEASURES DELAYED
HYPERSENSITIVITY AGAINST THE M.
TUBERCULOSIS.
• PRESENCE OF REDNESS AND INDURATION
OF MAESUREMENT OF MORE THAN 10mm
SHOWS THAT REACTION IS POSITIVE.
 POSITIVE REACTION MEANS THAT
PERSON HAS INFECTION AGAINST
M.TUBERCULOSIS OR THE PERSON IS
IMMUNIZED.
ALSO TO CHECK THE STATUS OF BCG
VACCINATION.

9. • IN HIGH AMOUNT OF INFECTION ,WHEN
THE BACTERIAL COUNT IS MORE THAN THE
T- LYMPHOCYTE COUNT , THE REACTION
WILL BE NEGATIVE.
IT MEANS THAT ALL T-
LYMPHOCYTE HAS BEEN DESTROYED BY
THE BACTERIUM.

10. PATHOGENESIS

11. • WITH THE DROPLET INFECTION, THE
ORGANISMS ENTERS THE LUNGS NEAR THE
PLEURAL MARGINS, MACROPHAGE ENGULF
IT AND BACTERIA START MULTIPLYING
INSIDE THE MACROPHAGE.
• MACROPHAGE RELEASES SOME CHEMICAL
MESSENGER WHICH WILL LEAD TO
AGGREGATION OF MORE LYMPHOCYTES,
WHICH WILL LEAD TO CAUSE THE AREA
FLAT AND ARE CALLED AS “ EPITHELIOD
CELLS’’.

12.  SURROUNDING THAT FEW MACROPHAGE
CELLS FUSE AND FORMS “ ISLETS OF
LANGHERHANS’’. THIS STRUCTURE IS
CALLED AS “ GHON COMPLEX OR
GRANULOMA” .
 THIS GHON COMPLEX ALONG WITH
ENLARGED LYMPH NODES OF MEDIASTINUM
IS CALLED AS PRIMARY COMPLEX.

13. LAB DIAGNOSIS
• IT CAN BE DIAGNOSED BY SPUTUM
SAMPLE, URINE SAMPLE, BLOOD SAMPLE.
• IT CAN BE ALSO GTROWN IN L-J MEDIUM
AND ACID FAST STAIN.