This document discusses wind turbine power plants. It provides information on where electricity comes from, with coal being the largest source at 58%. It then discusses the basic components and workings of wind turbines, including how they convert wind energy into electrical energy. Different types of wind turbines like horizontal and vertical axis designs are described. The document also covers topics like the importance of wind speed for power generation, state-wise installed wind power capacities in India, major wind power companies, advantages and disadvantages of wind power.

1. wind

2. SUBJECT:- POWER PLANT ENGINEERING (3361906)
TOPIC :- WIND TURBINE POWER PLANT
NAME:- VARMORA RAXIT V.
ENROLLMENT NO. :- 126470319045

3. Where do we get our electricity
COAL 58%
GAS
HYDRO
NUCLEAR
DIESEL
WIND
COAL 58%
WIND 3%
GAS 10%
HYDRO 26%
NUCLEAR 2%
DIESEL 1%

4. Introduction
All renewable energy (except tidal and geothermal
power), ultimately comes from the sun.
The earth receives 1.74 x 1017 watts of power (per
hour) from the sun.
About one or 2 percent of this energy is converted
to wind energy (which is about 50-100 times more
than the energy converted to biomass by all plants
on earth.

5. A wind turbine obtains its power input by converting
the force of the wind into a torque (turning force)
acting on the rotor blades.
The amount of energy which the wind transfers to
the rotor depends on the density of the air, the rotor
area, and the wind speed.
 A typical 600 kW wind turbine has a rotor diameter
of 43-44 meters, i.e. a rotor area of some 1,500
square meters.
The rotor area determines how much energy a wind
turbine is able to harvest from the wind.

6. 1 - Foundation
2 - Connection to the electric grid
3 - Tower
4 - Access ladder
5 - Wind orientation control (Yaw control)
6 - Nacelle
7 - Generator
8 - Anemometer
9 - Electric or Mechanical brake
10 - Gearbox
11 - Rotor blade
12 - Blade pitch control
13 - Rotor hub
Typical wind turbine components

7. Types of wind turbine
Vertical axis wind turbine Horizontal axis wind turbine

8.  A Windmill captures
wind energy and then
uses a generator to
convert it to electrical
energy.
 The design of a windmill
is an integral part of how
efficient it will be.
 When designing a
windmill, one must
decide on the size of the
turbine, and the size of
the generator.
Working principal and design criteria

9. A windmill built so that it too severely interrupts the
airflow through its cross section will reduce the effective
wind velocity at its location and divert much of the airflow
around itself.
Modern Windmills can attain an efficiency of about 60 %
of the theoretical maximum.
Most common design is the three-bladed turbine. The
most important reason is the stability of the turbine.
A rotor with an odd number of rotor blades (and at least
three blades) can be considered to be similar to a disc
when calculating the dynamic properties of the machine.

10.  A rotor with an even number of blades will give stability
problems for a machine with a stiff structure. The reason
is that at the very moment when the uppermost blade
bends backwards, because it gets the maximum power
from the wind, the lowermost blade passes into the wind
shade in front of the tower.
3-BLADE 2-BLADE 1-BLADE

11. Calculation of wind power
 = Effect of air density,
A = Effect of swept area,
V = Effect of wind speed.
R
Swept Area: A = πR2
- Area of the circle swept by the rotor (m2).
Power in the Wind = ½ρAV3

12. Importance of wind speed
 No other factor is more important to the amount of power
available in the wind than the speed of the wind.
 Power is a cubic function of wind speed
V X V X V
 20% increase in wind speed means 73% more power.
 Doubling wind speed means 8 times more power.

13. State wise installed capacity
State Gross
Potential(MW)
Total capacity (MW)
(31-09-04)
Andhra pradesh 8275 122.5
gujarat 9675 1252.9
karnataka 6620 1011.4
Kerala 875 10.5
Madhya pradesh 5500 187.7
Maharashtra 3650 1755.9
Rajasthan 5400 538.8
Tamil nadu 3050 3873.4
West bengal 450 1.10
Others 2990 3.2
Total (All India) 45195 8757.2

14. Essel Mining & Industries Ltd. 75 MW
Aban Loyd Chiles O. Ltd. 65.985 MW
Bajaj Auto Ltd 65.2 MW
Madras Cement Ltd. 45.835 MW
NEPC Micon 43.85 MW
Ramgad Minerals & Mining Pvt. Ltd. 41.9 MW
Soundararaja Mills Ltd. 34.8 MW
Godavat Pan Masala 33.88 MW
Enercon (Windfarm) India Ltd. 33.6 MW
Vishal Export Overseas Ltd 32 MW
List of Wind Power Promoters

15. Nuziveedu Seeds Ltd 31.85 MW
Rajasthan Ren. Energy Corp. Ltd. 31.65 MW
Dhariwal Industries Ltd 29.95 MW
REI Agro Limited 29.9 MW
Tata Finance Ltd 29.45 MW
Ashok Leyland Fin. Ltd 29.175 MW
KPR Mill Pvt. Ltd. 28.67 MW
Tamilnadu Newsprint & Paper Ltd 28 MW
Ellora Times Ltd. 27.9 MW
Gujarat NRE Coke Ltd 27.5 MW
Shanmugavel Group 25.5 MW
Best & Co. 25 MW

16. Power Finance Corp. 24 MW
Rajasthan State Mines & Minerals
Ltd.
22.3 MW
NEG-Micon (I) P. Ltd. 21.15 MW
Nishkalp Investment & Trading 20.95 MW
Gujarat Guardian Ltd. 19.6 MW
Jindal Alluminiam Ltd 19.04 MW
Weizmann Ltd 19 MW
DJ Malpani 18.15 MW
Savita Chemicals Ltd 17.9 MW
Chettinad Cement Corp. 17.35 MW
Tata Power Company Ltd. 17 MW
CEPCO 16.375 MW
Rasi Seeds (P) Ltd. 16.25 MW
Bannari Amman Spinning Mills Ltd. 16.2 MW

17. Produced electricity distribution

18. The wind blows day and night, which allows windmills to
produce electricity throughout the day. (Faster during the
day)
 Energy output from a wind turbine will vary as the wind
varies, although the most rapid variations will to some
extent be compensated for by the inertia of the wind turbine
rotor.
 Wind energy is a domestic, renewable source of energy that
generates no pollution and has little environmental impact.
Advantages of Wind Power

19.  Up to 95 percent of land used for wind farms can also be
used for other profitable activities including ranching,
farming and forestry.
 The decreasing cost of wind power and the growing interest
in renewable energy sources should ensure that wind power
will become a viable energy source in the United States and
worldwide.

20.  Wind Turbines and the Landscape
- Large turbines don’t turn as fast  attract less attention
- City dwellers “dwell” on the attention attracted by
windmills
 Sound from Wind Turbines
- Increasing tip speed  less sound
- The closest neighbor is usually 300 m  experiences
almost no noise
Disadvantages

21.  The only known site with bird collision problems is located
in the Altamont Pass in California.
 Danish Ministry of the Environment study revealed that
power lines are a much greater danger to birds than the wind
turbines.
 Some birds even nest on cages on Wind Towers.