1. Lesson 1
TABLE TENNIS
HISTORY

2. Like many other sports, Table Tennis began as a mild social diversion. It was
probably played with improvised equipment in England, during the last quarter of the 19th
century. Though Table Tennis evolved, along with Badminton and Lawn Tennis, from the
ancient game of Tennis (also known as Jeude Paume, Real tennis, Court Tennis or Royal
Tennis), the game was developed after Lawn Tennis became popular in the 1880s.
Ancient woodcut showing jeude paumegame, published in 1576

3. Game manufacturers tried many experiments to market an indoor version of
Lawn Tennis, including board and dice games, TiddledyWinks variations, card games,
racket and balloon games and others. The first use of the name "Table Tennis” appeared
on a board and dice game in 1887 by J.H.Singer of New York. This probably accounts for
the mysterious entry in the George S. Parker game catalog of the same year: "Table
Tennis: This game is laid out like a Lawn Tennis court, played and counted just the same,
all the rules being observed."

4. The earliest evidence extant of an action game of Tennis on a table is a set made
by David Foster, patented in England in 1890: Parlor Table Games, which included table
versions of Lawn Tennis, Cricket and Football. This game featured strung rackets, a 30mm
cloth covered rubber ball, a wooden fence set up around the perimeter of the table, and
large side nets extending along both sides.

5. One year later famous game makers John Jaques of London released their
GOSSIMA game. This game borrowed the drum style battledores from the Shuttlecock
game, and used a 50mm webbed wrapped cork ball, with an amazing 30cm high net!

6. Neither of these action games was successful, due to the ineffective ball: the rubber ball had too
wild a bounce, while the cork ball had too poor a bounce. So the concept was shelved until 1900, when the
celluloid ball was introduced to the game. Jaques revived the older Gossima game but changed the name to
"Gossima or Ping Pong". The name Ping Pong was derived from the sound of the ball bouncing off the
drum battledores, each of which had a slightly different sound. The higher pitched sound suggested Ping, the
lower pitch, Pong. This can still be demonstrated today using the antique battledores! The game quickly
caught on with the public, marketed under many different names:
• Ping Pong or Gossima,
•Ping Pong,
•Table Tennis
•Whiff Waff,
•Parlour Tennis
•Indoor Tennis
•Pom-Pom,
•Pim-Pam,
•Netto
• Royal Game
•Tennis de Salon and others

7. Gradually the two most popular names prevailed: Ping Pong, and Table Tennis.
However, these competing names caused some problems, as two associations were formed,
and with different rules for the game some confusion resulted. Ping Pong was trademarked
in 1900 by Hamley Brothers in England, and soon afterwards Hamleys became "jointly
concerned” with Jaques. They rigorously enforced the Ping Pong trademark, requiring use
of their Ping Pong equipment in tournaments and clubs. Parker Brothers, who acquired the
American rights to the name Ping Pong, similarly enforced the trademark. Eventually it
became clear that for the sport to move forward, the commercial ties had to be severed.

8. Timeline of Table Tennis Milestones
with thanks to the late Ron Crayden (ENG)and his book, The Story of Table Tennis
-the first 100 years with updates by the ITTF Museum
1880s
Adaption of lawn tennis to the dining table with improvised equipment
1890s
Several patents registered in England and the USA Manufactured sets produced under trade
names such as Gossima, and Indoor Tennis, with Lawn Tennis style rules
1900
Introduction of celluloid balls to replace rubber and cork ones. The celluloid ball had the
perfect bounce, and the game became a huge success
1901
Table Tennis Association and rival Ping Pong Association formed in England; amalgamated in
1903First books on the game published in England. The game is introduced in China via
western settlements

9. 1904
Ping Pong craze fades, some pockets of popularity in Eastern Europe continue
1922
Revival of the game in Europe, though laws varied Establishment of standard laws of the
Game in England
1926
International Table Tennis Federation (ITTF) initiated in BerlinFirst World
Championships held in London, England. ITTF Constitution adopted, along with first set
of standardized Laws. IvorMontagu (ENG) elected first President (Chairman)
1920s –1950s
Classic Hard Bat Era (European Dominance)
1926–1931
Maria Mednyanszky(HUN)wins the World Championships five times consecutively.
Mednyanskywins 18 gold medals over-all

10. 1930–1935
Victor Barna (HUN)becomes five times world champion and is runner-up 1931 losing the
final against his compatriot MiklosSzabados. Barnawins a record 22 gold medals
at world championships during his career, 40 medals overall
1936
Tenth World Championships held in Prague, Czechoslovakia. The longest rally took place,
the first point taking over two hours
1939
First continental association formed: South America First World Championship held
outside Europe: Cairo, Egypt
1950 –1955
Angelica Rozeanu-Adelstein(ROU)wins the World Championships six times in a row and
is the last non Asian to win the female singles title until today
1950s –1970s
Age of Sponge Bat and Technology (Beginning of Asian Dominance)

11. 1952
Nineteenth World Championships held in Bombay, India The first to be staged in Asia and
Japan’s entry to the international scene HirojiSatoh (JPN)became the first player to win a
World Championship when using a racket covered with thick sponge and is the first nonEuropean winner Inauguration of the Asian Federation & First Asian Federation
Championships
1953
China entered the World Championships for the first time
1954
Ichiro Ogimura(JPN)is the epitome of Japanese dominance with technological
development and physical training
1956
Tomie Okada-Okawa(JPN)is the first female player from Asia to win the World
Championships and stops the European reign on world’s female table tennis.

12. 1957
World Championship changes to a two-year cycle
1958
First European Championships, Budapest, Hungary. The USSR made their entry to the
international scene
1959
Rong Guotuan (CHN)is the first Chinese world champion in any sportRacket
standardization laws enacted
1962
First All-Africa Championships, Alexandria, Egypt
1967
Ivor Montagu retired as President of the ITTF after forty years in office

13. 1971
First Commonwealth Championships held in Singapore Ping Pong Diplomacy: table tennis
played an important role in international diplomacy when several teams were invited to
China for a series of friendship matches after the 1971 World Championships. Chinese
Premier Zhou Enlai: “Your visit to China has opened the door for people-to-people
exchanges between China and the USA.”
1971
Stellan Bengtsson(SWE)wins the men’s singles title and heralds the start of three decades
of Swedish influence, with top players such as KjellJohansson, Mikael Appelgren, Erik
Lindh, Jan-OveWaldner, JörgenPersson, and Peter Karlsson.
1973
First World University Championships held in Hanover, Germany
1977
ITTF received formal declaration of its recognition by the International Olympic
Committee (IOC

14. 1979
First European Championships for Paraplegics (wheelchair players) held in Stoke
Mandeville, England
1980
First World Cup held in Hong Kong
1981
World Championships held in Nova Sad, Yugoslavia. Total triumph for China, whose
athletes win all of the seven gold medals Table tennis admitted to the Olympic programme
(84th session IOC)
1982
First World Veterans’ Championships held in Gothenburg, SwedenFirst World
Championships for the disabled held in Stoke Mandeville, England
1985
European Youth Championships held in The Hague, Holland
Modern Olympics Era (Chinese Reign with few exceptions)

15. 1988
For the very first time, table tennis was featured in the Olympic Games that were held in
Seoul, South Korea
1992
Former World champion, Jan-Ove Waldner (SWE) became Olympic singles champion and
reputedly, the first table tennis millionaire
1995
World Championships held in Tianjin, China. Total triumph for China for the second time,
winning seven gold medals
1996
Beginning of the ITTF Pro Tour, with events taking place all around the world
2000
After the Olympics in Sydney, the ball size is increased to 40mm for improved television
viewing

16. 2001
Game score changed from 21 to 11 points World Championships held in Osaka, Japan.
Total triumph for China for the third time, winning all of the seven gold medals
2002
Implementation of the ITTF World Junior Circuit (U18) and World Cadet Challenge (U15
continental team competition)
2003
First ITTF World Junior Championships in Santiago, Chile Team Championships separated
from individual events, held in alternate years
2004
During the Olympic Games in Athens, Table Tennis ranked 5th among all sports for
television viewing audience
2005
World Championships held in Shanghai, China. Total triumph again for China, winning all
of the five gold medals

17. 2006
World Championships held in Bremen, Germany. The Chinese athletes complete the
collection with two gold medals in the team events
2007
World Championships held in Zagreb, Croatia. Total triumph number five for China,
winning all of the five gold medals First appearance of table tennis as a compulsory sport
at the Universiadein Bangkok, Thailand
2008
China sweeps the Team championships in Guangzhou China wins all the Gold at the
Beijing Olympic Games
2010
Table tennis is part of the first Youth Olympic Games