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1
ABSTRACT
Project Glass is a research and development program by Microsoft to develop an augmented
reality Head-Mounted Display (HMD). The intended purpose of Project Glass products
would be the hands-free displaying of information currently available to most smart
phone users, and allowing for interaction with the Internet via natural language voice
commands. These glasses will have the combined features of virtual reality and augmented
reality. Microsoft Hololens are basically wearable computers that connect virtual reality with
augumented reality and provide mix reality to user. microsoft hololens provide augmented
reality which use the base of windows 10.
Microsoft hololens is a new intrinsic device where developer can develop different
application and see a different future with this device.
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CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Hologram
A hologram is a three-dimensional image, created with photographic projection. The term is
taken from the Greek words holos (whole) and gramma (message). Holography is a technique
which enables three-dimensional images (holograms) to be made. It involves the use of a
laser, interference, Diffraction, light intensity recording and suitable illumination of the
recording. The image changes as the position and orientation of the viewing system changes
in exactly the same way as if the object were still present, thus making the image appear
three-dimensional. The holographic recording itself is not an image; it consists of an
apparently random structure of varying intensity, density or profile.
1.1.1 How holography work?
Holograms are recorded using a flash of light that illuminates a scene and then imprints on a
recording medium, much in the way a photograph is recorded. One part of the light beam
must be shown directly onto the recording medium - this second light beam is known as the
reference beam. A hologram requires a laser as the sole light source. Lasers can be precisely
controlled and have a fixed wavelength, unlike sunlight or light from conventional sources,
which contain many different wavelengths. To prevent external light from interfering,
holograms are usually taken in darkness, or in low level light of a different color from the
laser light used in making the hologram. Holography requires a specific exposure time (just
like photography), which can be controlled using a shutter, or by electronically timing the
laser.
The first element is a beam splitter that divides the beam into two identical beams, each
aimed in different directions: One beam (known as the illumination or object beam) is spread
using lenses and directed onto the scene using mirrors. Some of the light scattered (reflected)
from the scene then falls onto the recording medium. The second beam (known as the
reference beam) is also spread through the use of lenses, but is directed so that it doesn't
come in contact with the scene, and instead travels directly onto the recording medium.
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Fig 1:- Projection of light beam
If one looks at these holograms from different angles, he can see objects from different
perspectives, just like if he were looking at a real object. Some holograms even appear to
move as one walk past them and look at them from different angles. Others change colors or
include views of completely different objects, depending on how he look at them.
Holograms have other surprising traits as well.
If one cut one in half, each half contains whole views of the entire holographic image. The
same is true if one cut out a small piece even a tiny fragment will still contain the whole
picture. On top of that, if one make a hologram of a magnifying glass, the holographic
version will magnify the other objects in the hologram, just like a real one.
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Fig 2:- Hologram projection
1.2 Importance of Holography
Holography is a very useful tool in many areas, such as in commerce, scientific research,
medicine, and industry.
Some current applications that use holographic technology are:
 Holographic interferometry is used by researchers and industry designers to test and
design many things, from tires and engines to prosthetic limbs and artificial bones
and joints.
 Supermarket and department store scanners use a holographic lens system that directs
laser light onto the bar codes of the merchandise.
 Holographic optical elements (HOE’s) are used for navigation by airplane pilots. A
holographic image of the cockpit instruments appears to float in front of the
windshield. This allows the pilot to keep his eyes on the runway or the sky while
reading the instruments. This feature is available on some models of automobiles.
 Medical doctors can use three-dimensional holographic CAT scans to make
measurements without invasive surgery. This technique is also used in medical
education.
 Holograms are used in advertisements and consumer packaging of products to attract
potential buyers.
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 Holograms have been used on covers of magazine publications. One of the most
memorable Sports Illustrated covers was the December 23, 1992 issue featuring
Michael Jordan. Holograms have also been used on sports trading cards.
 The use of holograms on credit cards and debit cards provide added security to
minimize counterfeiting.
 Holography has been used to make archival recordings of valuable and/or fragile
museum artifacts.
 Sony Electronics uses holographic technology in their digital cameras. A
holographic crystal is used to allow the camera to detect the edge of the subject and
differentiate between it and the background. As a result, the camera is able to focus
accurately in dark conditions.
 Holography has been use by artists to create pulsed holographic portraits as well as
other works of art.
 Future colour liquid crystal displays (LCD’s) will be brighter and whiter as a result
of holographic technology. Scientists at Polaroid Corp. have developed a
holographic reflector that will reflect ambient light to produce a whiter background.
 The future of holographic motion pictures may become a reality within the next few
years.Many museums have made holograms of valuable articles in their collections,
both for insurance purposes and to check for deterioration. In the former Soviet
Union exhibitions of holograms of national treasures were sent to remote areas,
enabling people to see and appreciate their national heritage without the necessity of
travelling to major museums.
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CHAPTER 2
OVERVIEW
2.1 Microsoft Hololens
Hololens is a standalone device that is not connected by wires in anyway and is not tethered
to any devices. It is a completely independent device where the computer with HPU
(Holographic Processing Unit) handle complex processing of superimposing the 3D images ,
taking the immediate surroundings into consideration.
Fig 3:- Microsoft hololens
The product is fitted with 18 sensors that takes in huge amount of data every second and with
a camera (120 by 120 degrees), which is more powerful than the Kinect Camera while
consuming only the fraction of the power. It has vent facing outward and this will make sure
that the product doesn't overheat and fry the user's head.
Microsoft hit the nail on its head when they created a product that is not meant to worn on the
face throughout the day, unlike how Google marketed the 'Glass' . From the pictures and
videos it is seen that the product is big, making it not suitable for wearing throughout the
day. Microsoft made it clear that Hololens is meant to be worn when one require it, like when
user is working, playing, skyping and watching movies. The intended applications of the
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product are aimed at specialized functions that mostly happen inside closed rooms
in companies, factories, living rooms and game rooms, clearly making sure the product will
not be worn in the public. This move makes sure that Hololens users don't get stigmatized by
the people, unlike how Glass users were treated.
2.2 Virtual and Augmented reality
Technology is improving at a rapid pace, as many things are possible today that were not
possible 10 years ago even if we tried our best to make it happen. Today, some of the
impossible things are rising to the occasion in the form of Augmented Reality and Virtual
Reality. But what are they exactly?
Back in the 1990s, virtual reality was on the lips of everyone as multiple companies tried and
failed to make it happen. The most notable device back then was the Nintendo Virtual Boy,
though it failed miserably, and was discontinued a year after going on sale. Since then,
Nintendo has never attempted improve on the technology, which could set the company
behind its competition as virtual reality is slowly creeping back into our lives.
When it comes to augmented reality, we're looking at something that has found more success
in the consumer space when compared to virtual reality. We've seen several applications with
AR, along with video game and hardware devices such as the Google Glass. It is clear that
the way things are right now, AR has the upper hand against VR, and that might not be
changing anytime soon.
2.2.1 What is Augmented Reality?
Augmented reality is the blending of virtual reality and real life, as developers can create
images within applications that blend in with contents in the real world. With AR, users are
able to interact with virtual contents in the real world, and are able to distinguish between the
two. AR is usually achieved by the wearing of Microsoft hololens.
2.2.2 What is Virtual Reality?
Virtual reality is all about the creation of a virtual world that users can interact with. This
virtual world should be designed in such a way that users would find it difficult to tell the
difference from what is real and what is not. Furthermore, VR is usually achieved by the
wearing of a VR helmet or goggles similar to the Oculus Rift.
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2.2.3 Difference and similarities
Both virtual reality and augmented reality are similar in the goal of immersing the user,
though both systems to this in different ways. With AR, users continue to be in touch with the
real world while interacting with virtual objects around them. With VR, the user is isolated
from the real world while immersed in a world that is completely fabricated. As it stands, VR
might work better for video games and social networking in a virtual environment, such as
Second Life, or even PlayStation Home
2.2.4 Which technology will succeed?
As it stands, augmented reality is ahead of virtual reality, as there are several products
already on the market. We are witnessing the rise of AR hardware devices from Google in the
form of Glass, and also plan from Microsoft to launch something similar with its $150
million purchase for wearable computing assets. This wearable device is known as Microsoft
hololens which work on windows 10 platform.
On the matter of VR, the technology is just stepping up to the plate. It's still far away from
being this great thing for social encounters in a virtual world, but with the rise of the Oculus
Rift, it is getting there.
We believe both AR and VR will succeed; however, AR might have more commercial
success though, because it does not completely take people out of the real world.
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CHAPTER 3
HARDWARE SPECIFICATION
Fig 4:- The beta version of hololens
3.1 Designed for comfort.
The headband is designed like a performance car with great weight distribution for a
comfortable fit. Weight is distributed around the crown of wearer head, saving user ears or
nose from undue pressure.
3.2 Adjustable fit.
The adjustment wheel in the headband ensures a comfortable fit for a wide range of adult head
sizes.
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3.3 Power and grace.
Containing more computing power than the average laptop, Microsoft HoloLens is passively
cooled without fans. With no wires, external cameras, or phone or PC connection required,
wearer can move freely and untethered.
3.4 Advanced optics.
See-through holographic high-definition lenses use an advanced optical projection system,
generating multi-dimensional full-color images with very low latency so wearer can see
holograms in his world.
3.5 Sensor fusion.
Microsoft HoloLens has advanced sensors to capture information about what wearer is doing
and about user’s environment .
 sensor track where the wearer is looking and adjust the display.
 Motion sensor detect wearers movement.
 The sensor can also see wearers hands, the hands are an input system: user can interact
with whatever he sees by just touching it.
Wearer also gives gesture as input senser enables the tracking of user movement.
3.6 Custom holographic processing unit.
The HPU is custom silicon that processes a large amount of data per second from the sensors.
Microsoft HoloLens understands gestures and where wearer look, and maps the world around
wearer, all in real time.
3.7 Built-in speakers
A precise audio experience without headphones that is immersive, yet won’t block out the real
world.
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3.8 Spatial sound.
Using a scientific model that characterizes how the human ear receives sound from a specific
location, Microsoft HoloLens synthesizes sound so that wearer can hear holograms from
anywhere in the room.
Fig 5:- Inside the hololens
3.9 Lenses and Display
Microsoft hololens has two display.they are transparent so that wearer can see the real world
behind virtual object. To create project hololens image, light particles bounce around millions
of times in the so called light engine of the device. Then the photons enter the two lenses (one
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for each eye), where they ricochet between layers of glasses before finally hitting of wearer
eye.
3.10 Computer
Hololens is not just a visor connected to a computer, it is a computer on its own.
 Hololens contain CPU, battery, GPU and first of its kind HPU (holographic
processing unit).
 18 sensors flood the brain of the device with terabyte of data every seconds.
3.11 Camera
The project hololens depth camera has a field of vision that spans 120 by 120 degree, so it
can sense what your hands are doing even when they are nearly out streached
3.12 Vent
The device is more powerful than a laptop but won’t overheat- warm air flows to the sides,
where it vents up and out.
3.13 Buttons
On the right side buttons allow user to adjust the volume and to control the contrast of the
hologram.
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CHAPTER 4
WORKING
Here are four things to understand concerning the Microsoft HoloLens working:
4.1 Working of self contained computer
Microsoft has had a chance to refine the unit’s design, the HoloLens consists only of a pair
of goggles with a band encircling the user’s head. All the electronics, including a battery and
a small computer running the Windows 10 OS, are self-contained.
4.2 Working of input interface
4.2.1 Hololens has spatial sound and mapping
One of the main advantages of an augmented-reality headset like the HoloLens is the feeling
of interacting with virtual objects and spaces: It will convincingly produce new surroundings
in a very method that a Television or computer monitor can’t. One key to that is
spatial mapping, the technique by that HoloLens observes everything within the user’s
surroundings, including walls and furniture, and notes wherever the boundaries are so its
projections will appear to interact with those physical objects. The HoloLens is additionally
capable of spatial sound, making audio louder as the user moves toward its apparent source,
or generating sounds for the interaction of physical and virtual objects.
4.2.2 Hololens uses gesture and voice control
The main method of physically interacting with the objects shown by HoloLens is by
tapping them along with your finger and thumb, a gesture Microsoft refers to as Air tap.
HoloLens doesn’t yet support additional complicated interactions like those user can perform
in front of a game console running Kinect, however it'd as the software matures.
The HoloLens will support voice commands, so wearer will tell it to perform certain actions
on the holographic pictures.it’s generating – speaking as user to Apple's Siri or Microsoft's
Cortana mobile-phone virtual assistants – and it'll comply.
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4.2.3 User interface
The user interface, in the industrial design field of human–machine interaction, is the space
where interactions between humans and machines occur. The goal of this interaction is to
allow effective operation and control of the machine from the human end, whilst the machine
simultaneously feeds back information that aids the operators decision making process.
Examples of this broad concept of user interfaces include the interactive aspects of
computer operating systems, hand tools, heavy machinery operator controls,
and process controls. The design considerations applicable when creating user interfaces are
related to or involve such disciplines as ergonomics and psychology.
Generally, the goal of user interface design is to produce a user interface which makes it easy
(self explanatory), efficient, and enjoyable (user friendly) to operate a machine in the way
which produces the desired result. This generally means that the operator needs to provide
minimal input to achieve the desired output, and also that the machine minimizes undesired
outputs to the human.
With the increased use of personal computers and the relative decline in societal awareness
of heavy machinery, the term user interface is generally assumed to mean the graphical user
interface, while industrial control panel and machinery control design discussions more
commonly refer to human-machine interfaces.
4.3 Working of hologram processing unit (HPU)
Microsoft noted that the HoloLens has a central process unit (CPU) and graphics process
unit (GPU), similar to a regular computer, as well as a separate processor to trace the user’s
surroundings and head movements. This third unit, referred to as a Holographic processing
Unit (HPU), frees up the HoloLens’s alternative computing resources to run developer apps.
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Fig 6:- Interfaces
4.4 Augmented reality
To show mix reality Microsoft have to use head mounted display technique.Today’s virtual
and augmented reality systems are typically implemented in one of three ways: head-
mounted displays, world-fixed displays, and hand-held displays.
Position and orientation tracking of the head is essential for head-mounted displays because
the display/headphones move with the head. For a virtual object to appear stable in space, the
display must be appropriately updated as a function of the current pose of the head–for
example as the user rotates his head to the left, the computer-generated image on the display
should move to the right so that the image of the virtual objects appear stable in space, just as
they would appear for real world objects. Well implemented head-mounted displays
typically provide the greatest amount of immersion. However doing this well consists of
many challenges such as accurate tracking, low latency, and careful calibration.
Head-mounted displays (HMDs) can be further broken down into three types: non-see-
through HMDs, video-see-through HMDs, and optical-see-through HMDs. Non-see-through
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HMDs block out all cues from the real world and provide the most immersion for virtual
reality. Optical see-through HMDs enable computer generated cues to be overlaid onto the
visual field and provide the ideal augmented reality experience. Conveying the ideal
augmented reality experience using optical-see-through displays is extremely challenging due
to various shortcomings (extremely low latency, extremely accurate tracking, optics, etc.).
Because of these challenges, video-see-through displays are sometimes used. Video-see-
through HMDs are typically considered to be augmented reality, although the advantages and
disadvantages are somewhere between augmented reality and virtual reality
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CHAPTER 5
ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES
5.1 Advantage
 In technological terms, the word “smart” or S.M.A.R.T. means Self-Monitoring
Analysis and Reporting Technology. Manufacturers of hard disk drives developed
“smart” technology as a way to increase hard drive reliability. The technology is what
enables personal computers to predict failures of hard disk drives. S.M.A.R.T.
technology is not only an industry standard for hard drive manufactures, but it is the
industry standard for just about everything in today’s world.
 When smart technology comes to mind, most people think of smart phones. Smart
phones have the ability to do almost everything a desktop or laptop computer can do
and sometimes more. Owners can use their smart phone to surf the internet, pay bills,
upload photos and videos to photo sharing or social networking websites, and
participate in video chatting. Smart phones continue to advance in the many special
features they provide their users and the smart technology continues to be used in
many other areas such as homes, schools, businesses, and any other area in which
smart technology can provide a number of benefits.
 Microsoft announced that they will be releasing goggles which run on the Android
operating system. These smart glasses will have the ability to augment reality. This
means these glasses can duplicate the surrounding environment of the user into a
computer. With the use of applications downloaded to smart phones, augmented
reality can make playing video games more realistic; it can be used to help educate
people on safety by utilizing applications to make real-world consequences on unsafe
driving more realistic; it can be used in politics by applications which allow users to
interact with political billboards to watch videos from candidates on their smart
phone; it can be used to interact with art galleries; and it can be used for the purpose
of increasing sales by providing users with a way to interact or get involved with the
company and its product or service.
 Currently, smart sunglasses are being developed which will detect bright spots from
the sun light. When the bright spot is detected that area of the sunglasses will darken.
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This will prevent the wearer from having a blinding glare from the sun. This will be a
great technology as it can help prevent car accidents from the driver not being able to
see. Another smart tool being researched is something called memory glasses. These
will be for someone who has an early onset of dementia or other types of memory
problems. The eyewear will have the ability to identify patterns such as grocery items,
loved ones, or street signs, automatically. This type of technology will help prolong
the amount of time a person with memory problems can live independently.
 Smart technology continues to provide a vast amount of benefits for individuals,
businesses, cities, healthcare, and the environment. The use of certain smart eyewear
can help prevent automobile accidents by eliminating blinding glare; help identify
certain things for a person suffering from dementia, and increase safety awareness.
Smart technology will increasingly get smarter and provide an even greater amount of
benefits which have yet to be seen.
5.2 Disadvantage
 Can be easily broken or damaged. Though Google wants these glasses to be as modest
as achievable, they seem to be extremely breakable. Users will have a tough time
taking care of it.
 These glasses show the retrieved data in front of users eyes so it will be a tough
experience for them since they will focus on that data and will eventually miss the
surroundings that may lead to accidents while driving.
 The resource for running these glasses is still unknown. Will there be a battery or it
will run using solar energy? one disappointment for wearer in HoloLens was that the
field of view was very limited. This was not a totally immersive experience because
objects would get cut off long before you would naturally expect them to drop out of
sight. Some of the writers who saw Microsoft’s first demo told that they felt the
viewing angle on these new devices was smaller than during the first demo.
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CHAPTER 6
COMPARISON WITH OTHER TECHNOLOGIES
6.1 Microsoft HoloLens vs Google Glass
A good comparison should include Google Glass, which missed out on the AR opportunity
since the graphics overlay and multimedia capabilities were so limited (screen in the corner
of your view and mostly 2D menus) in order to create a unit that could be used anywhere just
like a smartphone. But nobody but the geekiest were going to pay $1500 for that. There is a
fair bit of irony in that Google shut down Glass sales the very same week as Microsoft
HoloLens was demonstrated. If a Glass 2.0 materialises it surely must be a complete AR
system like the HoloLens.
6.2 Microsoft hololens vs. Oclus rift
Once you start overlaying 2D and 3D objects over reality, things start getting a lot more
interesting and flexible. People was shocked when Facebook purchased Oculus Rift for a
whopping $2B - after all, people are making a similar product out of cardboard and a
smartphone strapped to your face and it seems limited to the ultra geek market. AR, on the
other hand, requires not only the same 3D rendering with real-time head tracking, but also 3D
scanning of the environment around you (Kinect) and taking input from hand gestures. AR
also allows you to be more mobile than with VR since you can actually see (some of the)
real-world objects. There are add-ons to Oculus that take the unit into AR territory, both Leap
Motion for gesture recognition (way better than Kinect in this area) and stereoscopic cameras.
However, the solution quickly becomes bulky and uncomfortable due to the weight.
6.3 Microsoft hololens vs. Apple
Now talk about APPLE, which has shown no ability to deliver new form factors since Jobs
except the Watch - which is a step in the completely wrong direction, with a screen so small
they had to invent several techniques to make it usable. And even that they are several years
behind competitors in delivering. The Apple fanboiz are now busy ranting about how there
20
are already AR apps for iOS that use the camera to mix real world with 3D graphics. But that
doesn't even begin to tap the potential of AR like the HoloLens is trying to do. The screen
needs to be whereever you look, and your arms must be free to gesticulate, and there must be
stereoscopic vision. IOS offer none of that and the 3D scene analysis that can be done with a
camera is nothing compared to depth measurement using lasers/IR/ultrasound or at least
stereoscopic cameras.
6.4 Microsoft hololens vs. Magic Leap
The most significant is Magic Leap, which is yet to launch their AR goggles, but the
example videos they have out surely promise something along what the HoloLens can do.
And by the way they have raised $542 million from Google etc. There is also a startup with a
product called Meta which started as a Kickstarter campaign back in 2013. They recently
raised $23M on the back of the HoloLens wave.
6.5 Existing player
Companies such as ODG - Home have been working on AR a lot longer than Microsoft, until
now in the military/industrial/medical space. They just launched their first consumer glasses
at CES 2015, they run Android and have a SnapDragon CPU. The one thing that seems
missing is the depth mapping which means that the graphics are more like a screen overlay,
not integrated with reality like the HoloLens. Adil Alam pointed out that Microsoft has
bought a patent portfolio from ODG for about $100-150M about a year ago.
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CHAPTER 7
USES OF MICROSOFT HOLOLENS
5.1 Uses of Microsoft Hololens
Fig 7:- Uses of Microsoft hololens
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CHAPTER 8
FUTURE SCOPE
7.1 Go beyond the screen.
Shape holograms to fine-tune a design. Interact with them to learn something new. When
wearer share ideas, show and tell from multiple perspectives. Microsoft HoloLens enables
wearer to make decisions more confidently, work more effectively, and bring ideas to life
before user eyes.
Fig 8:- Beyond the screen
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7.2 Wearer’s world as a canvas.
Microsoft HoloLens intelligently maps wearer room, mixing holograms with the environment
around user. Pin holograms in physical locations as easily as user would place a physical object
in a room. Interact with holograms and everyday objects together.
Gaming is another potential use and the possibilities of using the HoloLens for gaming are
fascinating. Several journalists were able to get a hands-on look at how this would work
during the product’s launch event, and although the demo was rather basic, a fully immersive
gaming experience is something gamers have been clamoring for for quite some time.
Imagine playing a game like Minecraft using holographic models in wearer living room.
HoloLens promises to make that happen.
Fig 9:- Gaming
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7.3 Connect, create, and explore like never before.
Transform the ways user communicate, create, collaborate, and explore. Wearer’s ideas are one
step closer to becoming real when user can use holograms to show his designs, collaborate
remotely, and learn new things in relation to the real world.
Fig 10:- Create, develop and explore
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7.4 New ways to teach and learn.
It’s easier to show than to tell. With HoloNotes in Skype, friends and colleagues can help one
with difficult tasks. They can see wearer environment as wearer see it and from their tablet or
PC they can draw instructions that appear as holograms in user’s world. Get real-time help
from someone who sees what wearer see. Imagine getting step-by-step instructions on things
like home repair from an expert. Visual diagrams would actually show up in space around the
user indicating exactly what you need to do next. This application could even extend to the
battlefield, where detailed medical instructions could be given to untrained personnel in the
midst of combat
Fig 11:- Skype
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7.5 New ways to create what wearer imagine.
Create own holograms and share them with others. Use holograms to visualize how something
will look in the physical world whether it’s a new piece of furniture in your home, a toy for
your kids, or a new creation for work. HoloStudio will even let user turn his holograms into
physical objects with 3D print compatibility.
Fig 12:- Development
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7.6 New ways to visualize your work.
Go beyond what a 2D render can do by working in three dimensions. Pin holograms to physical
objects so wearer can size and scale them in real time. Make smarter decisions when user see
his work from every angle, in relation to the world around him.
Fig 13:- Visualization
7.7 Holographic Attractions and Entertainment
Going to a haunted house during Halloween season is plenty fun, but if one wore a HoloLens,
creepy attractions could become even scarier by integrating virtual elements that can’t exist
in the real world. On a similar note, supporters of 3D movies have wanted to make the
audience feel like part of the action for years.HoloLens could help them bring virtual
elements into the space of the user. This sort of thing could open up a whole new genre of
mixed-reality entertainment, leveraging both real and virtual content to achieve the effect on
the user. Roller coasters, haunted houses, movies, and laser tag could all be the basis of
entirely new kinds of experiences.
28
CONCLUSION
Microsoft hololens are basically wearable computers that use the evolving familiar
technologies that brings the sophistication and ease of communication and information access
even for the physically challenged class of people those literally could not use general way of
palmtops and mobiles and this hololens also provide a strong platform for application
developer.
Fig 15:- Future of Microsoft hololens
29
REFERENCES
1. https://www.microsoft.com/microsoft-hololens/en-us as cited on 12th April, 2015
2. http://www.smart-glasses.org/benefits-smart-glasses as cited on 2nd May, 2015
3. https://www.google.com/glass/start/ as cited on 20th April, 2015
4. http://www.dailymail.co.uk/ sciencetech/article-2306382/ as cited on 2nd May, 2015
5. http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/8-real-world-uses-microsoft-hololens/ as cited on
8th May, 2015
6. http://techcrunch.com/2015/04/30/hololens-is-real/#.n3sclh:PKUY as cited on
12th April, 2015
7. http://www.techradar.com/ reviews/ gadgets/recon-instruments-mod-live-hud-
1141185/ review as cited on 12th April, 2015
8. http://www.cnet.com/products/microsoft-hololens/ as cited on 8th May, 201
9. http://holocenter.org/what-is-holography as cited on 12th April, 2015
10. http://www.nextgeninteractions.com/virtual-and-augmented-reality/ as cited on 20th
April, 2015

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Holography

  • 1. 1 ABSTRACT Project Glass is a research and development program by Microsoft to develop an augmented reality Head-Mounted Display (HMD). The intended purpose of Project Glass products would be the hands-free displaying of information currently available to most smart phone users, and allowing for interaction with the Internet via natural language voice commands. These glasses will have the combined features of virtual reality and augmented reality. Microsoft Hololens are basically wearable computers that connect virtual reality with augumented reality and provide mix reality to user. microsoft hololens provide augmented reality which use the base of windows 10. Microsoft hololens is a new intrinsic device where developer can develop different application and see a different future with this device.
  • 2. 2 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Hologram A hologram is a three-dimensional image, created with photographic projection. The term is taken from the Greek words holos (whole) and gramma (message). Holography is a technique which enables three-dimensional images (holograms) to be made. It involves the use of a laser, interference, Diffraction, light intensity recording and suitable illumination of the recording. The image changes as the position and orientation of the viewing system changes in exactly the same way as if the object were still present, thus making the image appear three-dimensional. The holographic recording itself is not an image; it consists of an apparently random structure of varying intensity, density or profile. 1.1.1 How holography work? Holograms are recorded using a flash of light that illuminates a scene and then imprints on a recording medium, much in the way a photograph is recorded. One part of the light beam must be shown directly onto the recording medium - this second light beam is known as the reference beam. A hologram requires a laser as the sole light source. Lasers can be precisely controlled and have a fixed wavelength, unlike sunlight or light from conventional sources, which contain many different wavelengths. To prevent external light from interfering, holograms are usually taken in darkness, or in low level light of a different color from the laser light used in making the hologram. Holography requires a specific exposure time (just like photography), which can be controlled using a shutter, or by electronically timing the laser. The first element is a beam splitter that divides the beam into two identical beams, each aimed in different directions: One beam (known as the illumination or object beam) is spread using lenses and directed onto the scene using mirrors. Some of the light scattered (reflected) from the scene then falls onto the recording medium. The second beam (known as the reference beam) is also spread through the use of lenses, but is directed so that it doesn't come in contact with the scene, and instead travels directly onto the recording medium.
  • 3. 3 Fig 1:- Projection of light beam If one looks at these holograms from different angles, he can see objects from different perspectives, just like if he were looking at a real object. Some holograms even appear to move as one walk past them and look at them from different angles. Others change colors or include views of completely different objects, depending on how he look at them. Holograms have other surprising traits as well. If one cut one in half, each half contains whole views of the entire holographic image. The same is true if one cut out a small piece even a tiny fragment will still contain the whole picture. On top of that, if one make a hologram of a magnifying glass, the holographic version will magnify the other objects in the hologram, just like a real one.
  • 4. 4 Fig 2:- Hologram projection 1.2 Importance of Holography Holography is a very useful tool in many areas, such as in commerce, scientific research, medicine, and industry. Some current applications that use holographic technology are:  Holographic interferometry is used by researchers and industry designers to test and design many things, from tires and engines to prosthetic limbs and artificial bones and joints.  Supermarket and department store scanners use a holographic lens system that directs laser light onto the bar codes of the merchandise.  Holographic optical elements (HOE’s) are used for navigation by airplane pilots. A holographic image of the cockpit instruments appears to float in front of the windshield. This allows the pilot to keep his eyes on the runway or the sky while reading the instruments. This feature is available on some models of automobiles.  Medical doctors can use three-dimensional holographic CAT scans to make measurements without invasive surgery. This technique is also used in medical education.  Holograms are used in advertisements and consumer packaging of products to attract potential buyers.
  • 5. 5  Holograms have been used on covers of magazine publications. One of the most memorable Sports Illustrated covers was the December 23, 1992 issue featuring Michael Jordan. Holograms have also been used on sports trading cards.  The use of holograms on credit cards and debit cards provide added security to minimize counterfeiting.  Holography has been used to make archival recordings of valuable and/or fragile museum artifacts.  Sony Electronics uses holographic technology in their digital cameras. A holographic crystal is used to allow the camera to detect the edge of the subject and differentiate between it and the background. As a result, the camera is able to focus accurately in dark conditions.  Holography has been use by artists to create pulsed holographic portraits as well as other works of art.  Future colour liquid crystal displays (LCD’s) will be brighter and whiter as a result of holographic technology. Scientists at Polaroid Corp. have developed a holographic reflector that will reflect ambient light to produce a whiter background.  The future of holographic motion pictures may become a reality within the next few years.Many museums have made holograms of valuable articles in their collections, both for insurance purposes and to check for deterioration. In the former Soviet Union exhibitions of holograms of national treasures were sent to remote areas, enabling people to see and appreciate their national heritage without the necessity of travelling to major museums.
  • 6. 6 CHAPTER 2 OVERVIEW 2.1 Microsoft Hololens Hololens is a standalone device that is not connected by wires in anyway and is not tethered to any devices. It is a completely independent device where the computer with HPU (Holographic Processing Unit) handle complex processing of superimposing the 3D images , taking the immediate surroundings into consideration. Fig 3:- Microsoft hololens The product is fitted with 18 sensors that takes in huge amount of data every second and with a camera (120 by 120 degrees), which is more powerful than the Kinect Camera while consuming only the fraction of the power. It has vent facing outward and this will make sure that the product doesn't overheat and fry the user's head. Microsoft hit the nail on its head when they created a product that is not meant to worn on the face throughout the day, unlike how Google marketed the 'Glass' . From the pictures and videos it is seen that the product is big, making it not suitable for wearing throughout the day. Microsoft made it clear that Hololens is meant to be worn when one require it, like when user is working, playing, skyping and watching movies. The intended applications of the
  • 7. 7 product are aimed at specialized functions that mostly happen inside closed rooms in companies, factories, living rooms and game rooms, clearly making sure the product will not be worn in the public. This move makes sure that Hololens users don't get stigmatized by the people, unlike how Glass users were treated. 2.2 Virtual and Augmented reality Technology is improving at a rapid pace, as many things are possible today that were not possible 10 years ago even if we tried our best to make it happen. Today, some of the impossible things are rising to the occasion in the form of Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality. But what are they exactly? Back in the 1990s, virtual reality was on the lips of everyone as multiple companies tried and failed to make it happen. The most notable device back then was the Nintendo Virtual Boy, though it failed miserably, and was discontinued a year after going on sale. Since then, Nintendo has never attempted improve on the technology, which could set the company behind its competition as virtual reality is slowly creeping back into our lives. When it comes to augmented reality, we're looking at something that has found more success in the consumer space when compared to virtual reality. We've seen several applications with AR, along with video game and hardware devices such as the Google Glass. It is clear that the way things are right now, AR has the upper hand against VR, and that might not be changing anytime soon. 2.2.1 What is Augmented Reality? Augmented reality is the blending of virtual reality and real life, as developers can create images within applications that blend in with contents in the real world. With AR, users are able to interact with virtual contents in the real world, and are able to distinguish between the two. AR is usually achieved by the wearing of Microsoft hololens. 2.2.2 What is Virtual Reality? Virtual reality is all about the creation of a virtual world that users can interact with. This virtual world should be designed in such a way that users would find it difficult to tell the difference from what is real and what is not. Furthermore, VR is usually achieved by the wearing of a VR helmet or goggles similar to the Oculus Rift.
  • 8. 8 2.2.3 Difference and similarities Both virtual reality and augmented reality are similar in the goal of immersing the user, though both systems to this in different ways. With AR, users continue to be in touch with the real world while interacting with virtual objects around them. With VR, the user is isolated from the real world while immersed in a world that is completely fabricated. As it stands, VR might work better for video games and social networking in a virtual environment, such as Second Life, or even PlayStation Home 2.2.4 Which technology will succeed? As it stands, augmented reality is ahead of virtual reality, as there are several products already on the market. We are witnessing the rise of AR hardware devices from Google in the form of Glass, and also plan from Microsoft to launch something similar with its $150 million purchase for wearable computing assets. This wearable device is known as Microsoft hololens which work on windows 10 platform. On the matter of VR, the technology is just stepping up to the plate. It's still far away from being this great thing for social encounters in a virtual world, but with the rise of the Oculus Rift, it is getting there. We believe both AR and VR will succeed; however, AR might have more commercial success though, because it does not completely take people out of the real world.
  • 9. 9 CHAPTER 3 HARDWARE SPECIFICATION Fig 4:- The beta version of hololens 3.1 Designed for comfort. The headband is designed like a performance car with great weight distribution for a comfortable fit. Weight is distributed around the crown of wearer head, saving user ears or nose from undue pressure. 3.2 Adjustable fit. The adjustment wheel in the headband ensures a comfortable fit for a wide range of adult head sizes.
  • 10. 10 3.3 Power and grace. Containing more computing power than the average laptop, Microsoft HoloLens is passively cooled without fans. With no wires, external cameras, or phone or PC connection required, wearer can move freely and untethered. 3.4 Advanced optics. See-through holographic high-definition lenses use an advanced optical projection system, generating multi-dimensional full-color images with very low latency so wearer can see holograms in his world. 3.5 Sensor fusion. Microsoft HoloLens has advanced sensors to capture information about what wearer is doing and about user’s environment .  sensor track where the wearer is looking and adjust the display.  Motion sensor detect wearers movement.  The sensor can also see wearers hands, the hands are an input system: user can interact with whatever he sees by just touching it. Wearer also gives gesture as input senser enables the tracking of user movement. 3.6 Custom holographic processing unit. The HPU is custom silicon that processes a large amount of data per second from the sensors. Microsoft HoloLens understands gestures and where wearer look, and maps the world around wearer, all in real time. 3.7 Built-in speakers A precise audio experience without headphones that is immersive, yet won’t block out the real world.
  • 11. 11 3.8 Spatial sound. Using a scientific model that characterizes how the human ear receives sound from a specific location, Microsoft HoloLens synthesizes sound so that wearer can hear holograms from anywhere in the room. Fig 5:- Inside the hololens 3.9 Lenses and Display Microsoft hololens has two display.they are transparent so that wearer can see the real world behind virtual object. To create project hololens image, light particles bounce around millions of times in the so called light engine of the device. Then the photons enter the two lenses (one
  • 12. 12 for each eye), where they ricochet between layers of glasses before finally hitting of wearer eye. 3.10 Computer Hololens is not just a visor connected to a computer, it is a computer on its own.  Hololens contain CPU, battery, GPU and first of its kind HPU (holographic processing unit).  18 sensors flood the brain of the device with terabyte of data every seconds. 3.11 Camera The project hololens depth camera has a field of vision that spans 120 by 120 degree, so it can sense what your hands are doing even when they are nearly out streached 3.12 Vent The device is more powerful than a laptop but won’t overheat- warm air flows to the sides, where it vents up and out. 3.13 Buttons On the right side buttons allow user to adjust the volume and to control the contrast of the hologram.
  • 13. 13 CHAPTER 4 WORKING Here are four things to understand concerning the Microsoft HoloLens working: 4.1 Working of self contained computer Microsoft has had a chance to refine the unit’s design, the HoloLens consists only of a pair of goggles with a band encircling the user’s head. All the electronics, including a battery and a small computer running the Windows 10 OS, are self-contained. 4.2 Working of input interface 4.2.1 Hololens has spatial sound and mapping One of the main advantages of an augmented-reality headset like the HoloLens is the feeling of interacting with virtual objects and spaces: It will convincingly produce new surroundings in a very method that a Television or computer monitor can’t. One key to that is spatial mapping, the technique by that HoloLens observes everything within the user’s surroundings, including walls and furniture, and notes wherever the boundaries are so its projections will appear to interact with those physical objects. The HoloLens is additionally capable of spatial sound, making audio louder as the user moves toward its apparent source, or generating sounds for the interaction of physical and virtual objects. 4.2.2 Hololens uses gesture and voice control The main method of physically interacting with the objects shown by HoloLens is by tapping them along with your finger and thumb, a gesture Microsoft refers to as Air tap. HoloLens doesn’t yet support additional complicated interactions like those user can perform in front of a game console running Kinect, however it'd as the software matures. The HoloLens will support voice commands, so wearer will tell it to perform certain actions on the holographic pictures.it’s generating – speaking as user to Apple's Siri or Microsoft's Cortana mobile-phone virtual assistants – and it'll comply.
  • 14. 14 4.2.3 User interface The user interface, in the industrial design field of human–machine interaction, is the space where interactions between humans and machines occur. The goal of this interaction is to allow effective operation and control of the machine from the human end, whilst the machine simultaneously feeds back information that aids the operators decision making process. Examples of this broad concept of user interfaces include the interactive aspects of computer operating systems, hand tools, heavy machinery operator controls, and process controls. The design considerations applicable when creating user interfaces are related to or involve such disciplines as ergonomics and psychology. Generally, the goal of user interface design is to produce a user interface which makes it easy (self explanatory), efficient, and enjoyable (user friendly) to operate a machine in the way which produces the desired result. This generally means that the operator needs to provide minimal input to achieve the desired output, and also that the machine minimizes undesired outputs to the human. With the increased use of personal computers and the relative decline in societal awareness of heavy machinery, the term user interface is generally assumed to mean the graphical user interface, while industrial control panel and machinery control design discussions more commonly refer to human-machine interfaces. 4.3 Working of hologram processing unit (HPU) Microsoft noted that the HoloLens has a central process unit (CPU) and graphics process unit (GPU), similar to a regular computer, as well as a separate processor to trace the user’s surroundings and head movements. This third unit, referred to as a Holographic processing Unit (HPU), frees up the HoloLens’s alternative computing resources to run developer apps.
  • 15. 15 Fig 6:- Interfaces 4.4 Augmented reality To show mix reality Microsoft have to use head mounted display technique.Today’s virtual and augmented reality systems are typically implemented in one of three ways: head- mounted displays, world-fixed displays, and hand-held displays. Position and orientation tracking of the head is essential for head-mounted displays because the display/headphones move with the head. For a virtual object to appear stable in space, the display must be appropriately updated as a function of the current pose of the head–for example as the user rotates his head to the left, the computer-generated image on the display should move to the right so that the image of the virtual objects appear stable in space, just as they would appear for real world objects. Well implemented head-mounted displays typically provide the greatest amount of immersion. However doing this well consists of many challenges such as accurate tracking, low latency, and careful calibration. Head-mounted displays (HMDs) can be further broken down into three types: non-see- through HMDs, video-see-through HMDs, and optical-see-through HMDs. Non-see-through
  • 16. 16 HMDs block out all cues from the real world and provide the most immersion for virtual reality. Optical see-through HMDs enable computer generated cues to be overlaid onto the visual field and provide the ideal augmented reality experience. Conveying the ideal augmented reality experience using optical-see-through displays is extremely challenging due to various shortcomings (extremely low latency, extremely accurate tracking, optics, etc.). Because of these challenges, video-see-through displays are sometimes used. Video-see- through HMDs are typically considered to be augmented reality, although the advantages and disadvantages are somewhere between augmented reality and virtual reality
  • 17. 17 CHAPTER 5 ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES 5.1 Advantage  In technological terms, the word “smart” or S.M.A.R.T. means Self-Monitoring Analysis and Reporting Technology. Manufacturers of hard disk drives developed “smart” technology as a way to increase hard drive reliability. The technology is what enables personal computers to predict failures of hard disk drives. S.M.A.R.T. technology is not only an industry standard for hard drive manufactures, but it is the industry standard for just about everything in today’s world.  When smart technology comes to mind, most people think of smart phones. Smart phones have the ability to do almost everything a desktop or laptop computer can do and sometimes more. Owners can use their smart phone to surf the internet, pay bills, upload photos and videos to photo sharing or social networking websites, and participate in video chatting. Smart phones continue to advance in the many special features they provide their users and the smart technology continues to be used in many other areas such as homes, schools, businesses, and any other area in which smart technology can provide a number of benefits.  Microsoft announced that they will be releasing goggles which run on the Android operating system. These smart glasses will have the ability to augment reality. This means these glasses can duplicate the surrounding environment of the user into a computer. With the use of applications downloaded to smart phones, augmented reality can make playing video games more realistic; it can be used to help educate people on safety by utilizing applications to make real-world consequences on unsafe driving more realistic; it can be used in politics by applications which allow users to interact with political billboards to watch videos from candidates on their smart phone; it can be used to interact with art galleries; and it can be used for the purpose of increasing sales by providing users with a way to interact or get involved with the company and its product or service.  Currently, smart sunglasses are being developed which will detect bright spots from the sun light. When the bright spot is detected that area of the sunglasses will darken.
  • 18. 18 This will prevent the wearer from having a blinding glare from the sun. This will be a great technology as it can help prevent car accidents from the driver not being able to see. Another smart tool being researched is something called memory glasses. These will be for someone who has an early onset of dementia or other types of memory problems. The eyewear will have the ability to identify patterns such as grocery items, loved ones, or street signs, automatically. This type of technology will help prolong the amount of time a person with memory problems can live independently.  Smart technology continues to provide a vast amount of benefits for individuals, businesses, cities, healthcare, and the environment. The use of certain smart eyewear can help prevent automobile accidents by eliminating blinding glare; help identify certain things for a person suffering from dementia, and increase safety awareness. Smart technology will increasingly get smarter and provide an even greater amount of benefits which have yet to be seen. 5.2 Disadvantage  Can be easily broken or damaged. Though Google wants these glasses to be as modest as achievable, they seem to be extremely breakable. Users will have a tough time taking care of it.  These glasses show the retrieved data in front of users eyes so it will be a tough experience for them since they will focus on that data and will eventually miss the surroundings that may lead to accidents while driving.  The resource for running these glasses is still unknown. Will there be a battery or it will run using solar energy? one disappointment for wearer in HoloLens was that the field of view was very limited. This was not a totally immersive experience because objects would get cut off long before you would naturally expect them to drop out of sight. Some of the writers who saw Microsoft’s first demo told that they felt the viewing angle on these new devices was smaller than during the first demo.
  • 19. 19 CHAPTER 6 COMPARISON WITH OTHER TECHNOLOGIES 6.1 Microsoft HoloLens vs Google Glass A good comparison should include Google Glass, which missed out on the AR opportunity since the graphics overlay and multimedia capabilities were so limited (screen in the corner of your view and mostly 2D menus) in order to create a unit that could be used anywhere just like a smartphone. But nobody but the geekiest were going to pay $1500 for that. There is a fair bit of irony in that Google shut down Glass sales the very same week as Microsoft HoloLens was demonstrated. If a Glass 2.0 materialises it surely must be a complete AR system like the HoloLens. 6.2 Microsoft hololens vs. Oclus rift Once you start overlaying 2D and 3D objects over reality, things start getting a lot more interesting and flexible. People was shocked when Facebook purchased Oculus Rift for a whopping $2B - after all, people are making a similar product out of cardboard and a smartphone strapped to your face and it seems limited to the ultra geek market. AR, on the other hand, requires not only the same 3D rendering with real-time head tracking, but also 3D scanning of the environment around you (Kinect) and taking input from hand gestures. AR also allows you to be more mobile than with VR since you can actually see (some of the) real-world objects. There are add-ons to Oculus that take the unit into AR territory, both Leap Motion for gesture recognition (way better than Kinect in this area) and stereoscopic cameras. However, the solution quickly becomes bulky and uncomfortable due to the weight. 6.3 Microsoft hololens vs. Apple Now talk about APPLE, which has shown no ability to deliver new form factors since Jobs except the Watch - which is a step in the completely wrong direction, with a screen so small they had to invent several techniques to make it usable. And even that they are several years behind competitors in delivering. The Apple fanboiz are now busy ranting about how there
  • 20. 20 are already AR apps for iOS that use the camera to mix real world with 3D graphics. But that doesn't even begin to tap the potential of AR like the HoloLens is trying to do. The screen needs to be whereever you look, and your arms must be free to gesticulate, and there must be stereoscopic vision. IOS offer none of that and the 3D scene analysis that can be done with a camera is nothing compared to depth measurement using lasers/IR/ultrasound or at least stereoscopic cameras. 6.4 Microsoft hololens vs. Magic Leap The most significant is Magic Leap, which is yet to launch their AR goggles, but the example videos they have out surely promise something along what the HoloLens can do. And by the way they have raised $542 million from Google etc. There is also a startup with a product called Meta which started as a Kickstarter campaign back in 2013. They recently raised $23M on the back of the HoloLens wave. 6.5 Existing player Companies such as ODG - Home have been working on AR a lot longer than Microsoft, until now in the military/industrial/medical space. They just launched their first consumer glasses at CES 2015, they run Android and have a SnapDragon CPU. The one thing that seems missing is the depth mapping which means that the graphics are more like a screen overlay, not integrated with reality like the HoloLens. Adil Alam pointed out that Microsoft has bought a patent portfolio from ODG for about $100-150M about a year ago.
  • 21. 21 CHAPTER 7 USES OF MICROSOFT HOLOLENS 5.1 Uses of Microsoft Hololens Fig 7:- Uses of Microsoft hololens
  • 22. 22 CHAPTER 8 FUTURE SCOPE 7.1 Go beyond the screen. Shape holograms to fine-tune a design. Interact with them to learn something new. When wearer share ideas, show and tell from multiple perspectives. Microsoft HoloLens enables wearer to make decisions more confidently, work more effectively, and bring ideas to life before user eyes. Fig 8:- Beyond the screen
  • 23. 23 7.2 Wearer’s world as a canvas. Microsoft HoloLens intelligently maps wearer room, mixing holograms with the environment around user. Pin holograms in physical locations as easily as user would place a physical object in a room. Interact with holograms and everyday objects together. Gaming is another potential use and the possibilities of using the HoloLens for gaming are fascinating. Several journalists were able to get a hands-on look at how this would work during the product’s launch event, and although the demo was rather basic, a fully immersive gaming experience is something gamers have been clamoring for for quite some time. Imagine playing a game like Minecraft using holographic models in wearer living room. HoloLens promises to make that happen. Fig 9:- Gaming
  • 24. 24 7.3 Connect, create, and explore like never before. Transform the ways user communicate, create, collaborate, and explore. Wearer’s ideas are one step closer to becoming real when user can use holograms to show his designs, collaborate remotely, and learn new things in relation to the real world. Fig 10:- Create, develop and explore
  • 25. 25 7.4 New ways to teach and learn. It’s easier to show than to tell. With HoloNotes in Skype, friends and colleagues can help one with difficult tasks. They can see wearer environment as wearer see it and from their tablet or PC they can draw instructions that appear as holograms in user’s world. Get real-time help from someone who sees what wearer see. Imagine getting step-by-step instructions on things like home repair from an expert. Visual diagrams would actually show up in space around the user indicating exactly what you need to do next. This application could even extend to the battlefield, where detailed medical instructions could be given to untrained personnel in the midst of combat Fig 11:- Skype
  • 26. 26 7.5 New ways to create what wearer imagine. Create own holograms and share them with others. Use holograms to visualize how something will look in the physical world whether it’s a new piece of furniture in your home, a toy for your kids, or a new creation for work. HoloStudio will even let user turn his holograms into physical objects with 3D print compatibility. Fig 12:- Development
  • 27. 27 7.6 New ways to visualize your work. Go beyond what a 2D render can do by working in three dimensions. Pin holograms to physical objects so wearer can size and scale them in real time. Make smarter decisions when user see his work from every angle, in relation to the world around him. Fig 13:- Visualization 7.7 Holographic Attractions and Entertainment Going to a haunted house during Halloween season is plenty fun, but if one wore a HoloLens, creepy attractions could become even scarier by integrating virtual elements that can’t exist in the real world. On a similar note, supporters of 3D movies have wanted to make the audience feel like part of the action for years.HoloLens could help them bring virtual elements into the space of the user. This sort of thing could open up a whole new genre of mixed-reality entertainment, leveraging both real and virtual content to achieve the effect on the user. Roller coasters, haunted houses, movies, and laser tag could all be the basis of entirely new kinds of experiences.
  • 28. 28 CONCLUSION Microsoft hololens are basically wearable computers that use the evolving familiar technologies that brings the sophistication and ease of communication and information access even for the physically challenged class of people those literally could not use general way of palmtops and mobiles and this hololens also provide a strong platform for application developer. Fig 15:- Future of Microsoft hololens
  • 29. 29 REFERENCES 1. https://www.microsoft.com/microsoft-hololens/en-us as cited on 12th April, 2015 2. http://www.smart-glasses.org/benefits-smart-glasses as cited on 2nd May, 2015 3. https://www.google.com/glass/start/ as cited on 20th April, 2015 4. http://www.dailymail.co.uk/ sciencetech/article-2306382/ as cited on 2nd May, 2015 5. http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/8-real-world-uses-microsoft-hololens/ as cited on 8th May, 2015 6. http://techcrunch.com/2015/04/30/hololens-is-real/#.n3sclh:PKUY as cited on 12th April, 2015 7. http://www.techradar.com/ reviews/ gadgets/recon-instruments-mod-live-hud- 1141185/ review as cited on 12th April, 2015 8. http://www.cnet.com/products/microsoft-hololens/ as cited on 8th May, 201 9. http://holocenter.org/what-is-holography as cited on 12th April, 2015 10. http://www.nextgeninteractions.com/virtual-and-augmented-reality/ as cited on 20th April, 2015