1. Successful development programs require measurable results and impacts that are sustained over time, which depend on the quality of program design and implementation. 2. Key challenges in program design include promoting collaboration, flexibility, sustainability, rigorous monitoring and evaluation plans, consideration of implementation options, and addressing cross-cutting issues. 3. Important components of program design are problem analysis, development hypotheses, logical frameworks, results frameworks, performance management plans, identification of appropriate interventions, and structuring public-private partnerships.

1. CHALLENGES AND EXPERIENCES IN PROGRAM
DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION
Dr. S.K. Reddy
Knowledge and Information Tools For Supporting Agriculture and
Food Security Strategies in Asia.
Kathmandu, Nepal November 14-17, 20111

2. 2
• Successful development produces
measurable results and impacts
• Development impacts are sustained
• Development Impacts and Results
Depend on the quality of Program
Design and Implementation

3. 3
PROGRAM DESIGN
PRINCIPLES AND PROCESSES
1. Determining the rationale for the project/activity
2. Linking the project to the relevant Strategy
3. Applying Analytical Rigor

4. 4
PROGRAM DESIGN - CHALLENGES
4. Promoting collaboration and mutual accountability
USAID/ key stakeholders/ host country ownership
5. Flexibility
6. Sustainability of key development outcomes

5. 5
PROGRAM DESIGN - CHALLENGES
7. A rigorous M&E plan
8. Consider broad/range of implementation options
9. Peer review and input process
10.Cross-cutting issues

6. 6
PROGRAM DESIGN - CHALLENGES
11.Interpreting Food Security
12.Major challenges in a project design:
– Integrating sound design principle
– Multifarious interests
13.Finally--The KIS principle: Keep It Simple

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PROGRAM DESIGN – KEY COMPONENTS
1. Problem Analyses
2. Development Hypothesis (DH)
– Articulates how a specific result is to be achieved
3. Log Frame (LF) Approach to Project design
– Connects goals, purpose, outputs and inputs
4. Results Framework (RF)
– A graphic representation of the DH used as a planning tool
5. Public-Private-Partnerships (PPPs)

8. 8
6. Performance Management Plan (PMP)
• Indicators are the heart of PMP
– Consists of Standard Indicators (Mission Operational
Plan) and any specific indicators deemed necessary
in the design
• Indicators: what will be measured and reported, and
describe how well a program is achieving objectives
• Indicators must be direct, objective, practical and
adequate
PROGRAM DESIGN – KEY COMPONENTS

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PROGRAM DESIGN – KEY COMPONENTS
7. Projects and Activities
– Project: addresses problems to be solved under several
program elements within a program area
– Activity: addresses problem to be solved under a single
program element
8. Identifying appropriate interventions:
– Assess similar interventions tried and their outcomes.
– Review lessons learned

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PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION: EXPERIENCES
1. The RFAS and RFPs:
– Project implementation begins with the RFP/RFA
– Drafting of SOW
2. Work Plan Development:
– Stakeholder consultations and input
– Structure the Work Plan
– Results / Indicators / Outputs / Annual targets

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PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION EXPERIENCES
(CONTD.)
3. Structuring Public Private Partnerships:
– Real partners/Nominal--yet very important (e.g. host
country)
– PPPs (management changes, commitments, lack of
collaborative experiences)
– Co-funded programs

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PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION EXPERIENCES
(CONTD.)
4. Monitoring Project Implementation
• Reviewing & Analyzing Project Performance
• Progress Reporting
• Does Implementation Track Work Plan?
• Timely Delivery of Inputs
• Technical Directions
• Planning and Conducting Site Visits
• USAID Internal Management
• Effecting Mid-Course corrections
• Monitoring Critical Assumptions

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PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION EXPERIENCES
(CONTD)
5. Host Country Issues
– Inter-ministerial Rivalries and Differences
– Institutional Capacities

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PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION EXPERIENCES
(CONTD)
6. Managing Conflict and Negotiating
– Styles: Assertive / Unassertive / Passive
– Avoiding/ Accommodating/ Compromising/ Collaborating

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PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION EXPERIENCES
(CONTD)
7. Innovative Thinking and Pro-activeness.
– Bridging the gap between phases
– Enabling sustainability

16. THANK YOU FOR YOUR KIND ATTENTION