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Aerosol Characterization  and the Supporting  Information Infrastructures R.B. Husar Washington University in St. Louis
Regional Haze Rule: Natural Background by 2064 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Natural haze  is due to natural windblown dust, biomass smoke and other natural processes  Man-made  haze is due industrial activities  AND man-perturbed smoke and dust emissions A fraction of the man-perturbed smoke and dust is assigned to natural by policy decisions
NAAMS:  National Ambient Air Monitoring Strategy  and NCore Applications
FASTNET and DataFed pursues several NAAMS recommendations: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
FASTNET and DataFed FASTNET  (Fast Aerosol Sensing Tools for Natural Event Tracking)  an open communal information sharing facility to study  aerosol events , including detection, tracking and impact on PM and haze.  The main asset of FASTNET is the  community of data analysts, modelers, managers  participating in the production of actionable knowledge from data and models The community is supported by a  non-intrusive data integration  infrastructure based on Internet standards (web services) and a set of web-tools evolving under the federated data system,  DataFed DataFed  is supported by its community and is under the umbrella of the interagency Earth Science Information Partners, ESIP  (NASA, NOAA and EPA)
Aerosol Characterization ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Technical Challenge: Characterization ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Satellite-Integral
Satellite Detection  of  Fire and Smoke
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Fire Zones of  North America
Seasonality of Fire ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Seasonal Pattern of Fires over N. America ,[object Object],[object Object]
MISR Seasonal AOT  (MISR Team) ,[object Object]
Smoke types: blue, yellow, white ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],California Smoke 1999 Quebec Smoke 2002
SeaWiFS, TOMS, Surface Visibility, May 98   Surface ozone depressed under smoke ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Hourly PM10 During the Smoke Event Hourly PM10 concentration pattern at six eastern US locations during May 1998.
 
Fire Pixels from  MODIS , June 25-July 6, 2002 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Quebec Fires Note pixel clusters due to larger fires Manitoba – Sask. Fires Note pixel clusters due to larger fires SE US Fires Random pixels from small fires
MODIS: The Fine-Scale Picture  The Fires and the Smoke Transport of Smoke from N. Quebec to SE Canada and NE US. ,[object Object],020706 MODIS MODIS Land Rapid Response  System   020707 MODIS
Haze WebCams ,[object Object],CamNet  -Webcam 020707 10:00 Yellow smoke Hartford, CT New York, NY Boston, MA
GOES 8 Animation July 6 animation:  low-resolution ,  high resolution July 7 animation:  low resolution ,  high resolution
GOES 8 and ASOS Visibility   July 6, 2002 8:15, 12:15, 16:15 EST GOES8  20020706_1315 UTC GOES8  20020706_1315 GOES8  20020706_1715 UTC GOES8  20020706_2115 UTC The largest circles correspond to  > 100 ug/m3 PM2.5
Smoke Events: Community Websites ,[object Object]
Smoke Plumes over the Southeast ,[object Object],R 0.68   m G 0.55   m B 0.41   m 0.41   m 0.87   m ,[object Object],[object Object]
Cumulative Seasonal PM2.5 Composition ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Shenandoah
Peripheral Sites: Chemical Mass Balance ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Badlands (scale 0-15 ug/m3) Big Bend (scale 0-15 ug/m3) Voyageurs (scale 0-15 ug/m3) Acadia Everglades
Peripheral Sites: Carbonaceous Mass Balance ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Badlands (scale 0-15 ug/m3) Big Bend (scale 0-15 ug/m3) Voyageurs (scale 0-15 ug/m3) Acadia (scale 0-15 ug/m3) Everglades (scale 0-15 ug/m3)
Possible Smoke Emission Estimation: Local Smoke Model with Data Assimilation e..g. MM5 winds, plume model Local Smoke Simulation Model AOT Aer. Retrieval  Satellite Smoke Visibility, AIRNOW Surface Smoke Assimilated Smoke Pattern Continuous  Smoke Emissions Assimilated Smoke Emission for Available Data Fire Pixel, Field Obs Fire Location Assimilated Fire Location Emission Model Land Vegetation Fire Model
Kansas Agricultural Smoke, April 12, 2003  Fire Pixels PM25 Mass, FRM 65 ug/m3 max Organics 35 ug/m3 max Ag Fires SeaWiFS, Refl SeaWiFS, AOT Col AOT Blue
 
ASOS Visibility Monitoring System (1200 Sites) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Diurnal Cycle – Surface Bext, April 12, 2003 00 02 04 06 08 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 Night Day Night High Night Bext  Low Day Bext  Smoke
FASTNET Event Report: 040705July4Haze, July 6, 2004 July 4, 2004 Aerosol Pulse Event Summary by the FASTNET Community Please send PPT slides or comments to  Erin Robinson  or  Rudy Husar , CAPITA Visit the event discussion forum
July 4, 2004 Aerosol Pulse ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],00:00 04:00 08:00 20:00 AIRNOW PM25 AIRNOW PM25 US Hourly  Average ASOS Bext US Hourly  Average Pulse No Pulse
Previous work:  The July 4th Potassium Spike   (Poirot 1998) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
D U S T  Update ,[object Object]
Sahara PM10 Events over Eastern US ,[object Object],[object Object],Much previous work by Prospero, Cahill, Malm,  Scanning the AIRS PM10 and IMPROVE chemical databases several regional-scale PM10 episodes over the Gulf Coast (> 80 ug/m3) that can be attributed to Sahara. June 30, 1993 July 5, 1992 June 21 1997
Origin of Fine Dust Events over the US Gobi dust in spring Sahara in summer Fine dust events over the US are mainly from intercontinental transport
MODIS Rapid Response FASTNET Event Report: 040219TexMexDust Texas-Mexico Dust Event February 19, 2004 Contributed by the FASNET Community Correspondence to  R Poirot ,  R Husar
High Wind Speed – Dust Spatially Correspond  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
PM10 > 10 x PM25 During the passage of the dust cloud over El Paso, the PM10 concentration was more than 10 times higher than the PM2.5 ,[object Object],Schematic Link to dust modelers for faster collective learning?
Monte Carlo simulation of dust transport using surface winds  (just a toy, 3D winds are essential!) ,[object Object]

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2005-06-03 Aerosol Characterization and the Supporting Information Infrastructures

  • 1. Aerosol Characterization and the Supporting Information Infrastructures R.B. Husar Washington University in St. Louis
  • 2.
  • 3. NAAMS: National Ambient Air Monitoring Strategy and NCore Applications
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  • 5. FASTNET and DataFed FASTNET (Fast Aerosol Sensing Tools for Natural Event Tracking) an open communal information sharing facility to study aerosol events , including detection, tracking and impact on PM and haze. The main asset of FASTNET is the community of data analysts, modelers, managers participating in the production of actionable knowledge from data and models The community is supported by a non-intrusive data integration infrastructure based on Internet standards (web services) and a set of web-tools evolving under the federated data system, DataFed DataFed is supported by its community and is under the umbrella of the interagency Earth Science Information Partners, ESIP (NASA, NOAA and EPA)
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  • 8. Satellite Detection of Fire and Smoke
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  • 15. Hourly PM10 During the Smoke Event Hourly PM10 concentration pattern at six eastern US locations during May 1998.
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  • 20. GOES 8 Animation July 6 animation: low-resolution , high resolution July 7 animation: low resolution , high resolution
  • 21. GOES 8 and ASOS Visibility July 6, 2002 8:15, 12:15, 16:15 EST GOES8 20020706_1315 UTC GOES8 20020706_1315 GOES8 20020706_1715 UTC GOES8 20020706_2115 UTC The largest circles correspond to > 100 ug/m3 PM2.5
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  • 27. Possible Smoke Emission Estimation: Local Smoke Model with Data Assimilation e..g. MM5 winds, plume model Local Smoke Simulation Model AOT Aer. Retrieval Satellite Smoke Visibility, AIRNOW Surface Smoke Assimilated Smoke Pattern Continuous Smoke Emissions Assimilated Smoke Emission for Available Data Fire Pixel, Field Obs Fire Location Assimilated Fire Location Emission Model Land Vegetation Fire Model
  • 28. Kansas Agricultural Smoke, April 12, 2003 Fire Pixels PM25 Mass, FRM 65 ug/m3 max Organics 35 ug/m3 max Ag Fires SeaWiFS, Refl SeaWiFS, AOT Col AOT Blue
  • 29.  
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  • 31. Diurnal Cycle – Surface Bext, April 12, 2003 00 02 04 06 08 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 Night Day Night High Night Bext Low Day Bext Smoke
  • 32. FASTNET Event Report: 040705July4Haze, July 6, 2004 July 4, 2004 Aerosol Pulse Event Summary by the FASTNET Community Please send PPT slides or comments to Erin Robinson or Rudy Husar , CAPITA Visit the event discussion forum
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  • 37. Origin of Fine Dust Events over the US Gobi dust in spring Sahara in summer Fine dust events over the US are mainly from intercontinental transport
  • 38. MODIS Rapid Response FASTNET Event Report: 040219TexMexDust Texas-Mexico Dust Event February 19, 2004 Contributed by the FASNET Community Correspondence to R Poirot , R Husar
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