Really useful analysis from Wiltshire CIL on the training needs of Direct Payment holders. Well worth a look to help inform DPULO training offers. For further info, email clareevans@wiltshirecil.o rg.uk

1. The Self-Defined Training Needs of
People who use Direct Payments and
Personal Budgets in Wiltshire in
2011.
Wiltshire
CIL delivers
training to
disabled
people
Report of the Survey Results by Clare Evans January 2012

2. Published by:
Wiltshire Centre for Independent Living, Learning and Research Centre
Devizes 2012
Author Clare Evans to whom any correspondence about this publication should
be sent:-
clareevans@wiltshirecil.org.uk
2

3. CONTENTS
Foreword and acknowledgements 4
Introduction 5
Methodology 5
Characteristics of respondents in table 6
Findings 7
Discussion 10
Policy and practice recommendations 12
References 13
3

4. FOREWORD
We hope this small piece of research will be used to inform the development of
support service design and specification for direct payment users and also
inform the wider personalisation agenda nationally. In conducting this research
we have been concerned to follow an “emancipatory” approach throughout so
disabled people have led the process from the point of identifying the need for
it to publicising its availability and developing an action plan based on the
findings. Thanks are due to all the disabled people who have been involved in
this process including the 100 people who responded to the survey.
Whilst only a small research project, we hope the results will be of interest
both locally and nationally to all those seeking to move forward the
personalisation policy.
Our thanks are also due to a number of other people who assisted in the
research process: to Mel Pow and Louise Farrant, social work students on
placement, who collated the survey results and represented them virtually in
preparation for analysis, to Janette Moore and Diane Zeitzen for further
collation of results, to Ruth Evans for professional research advice and Polly
Hannan for cover design.
Clare Evans Chair of WiltshireCIL
Geraldine Bentley Director of WiltshireCIL January 2012
4

5. The Self-identified training needs of Direct Payment & Personal
Budget users in Wiltshire in 2011
Introduction
This report discusses the results of a survey conducted by Wiltshire Centre for
Independent Living from October to December 2011. The aim of the survey was
to ask direct payment users to identify the workshop training they considered
would be useful to them, both in managing their own self-directed support and in
leading a full independent life in the community.
In carrying out this training needs analysis we had the clear purpose of
gathering information to use in planning the training disabled and older people
wanted in our first training programme in 2012. The training needs analysis is
part of a strategy we are currently pursuing which also includes looking for
funding to put on training events free of charge for disabled people. This
training programme, the first provided in Wiltshire since the inception of direct
payments in 1997, will be delivered by disabled trainers and mentors through ½
day workshops and will be free at the point of delivery with travel costs paid.
The national policy of Personalisation in Putting People First (2007) and the
increasing emphasis on self help and peer support (2010) makes this research of
some interest nationally, particularly in relation to rural areas. The survey
results reveal that some direct payment users were interested in receiving
training delivered by their peers to enable them to manage their direct
payments more effectively. Peer-led training provided in a safe environment may
be a cost effective way of supporting users to manage their direct payments
and lead fulfilled lives in the community. The results also demonstrate
employers' desire for training for their personal assistant employees at a time
when this part of the social care workforce is increasing.
After an overview of the methodology used in this research the results of the
survey are given and there follows a discussion within the policy context and
policy and practice recommendations are made.
Methodology
Our awareness of the need for this research grew from informal comments
made by direct payments users at Wiltshire CIL direct payment peer support
groups across Wiltshire about their training needs. We have been committed to
using an emancipatory approach at all stages of the research. The research was
led by an experienced disabled researcher who uses self-directed support.
Other disabled people were involved in the survey design.
5

6. 1037 questionnaires were distributed in hard copy to users and carers listed by
Wiltshire Council as using direct payments, including a small number of people
involved in a pilot on personal budgets. Freepost envelopes were provided to
return questionnaires and recipients were encouraged to contact Wiltshire CIL
office if they required the questionnaire in another format or required
assistance in completing it.
100 completed questionnaires were returned to the Wiltshire CIL office and
the information was collated by 2 social work students on placement from
Wiltshire College and by the researcher’s personal assistants. The draft report
was circulated to disabled people and allies for comment.
Table 1 shows the profile of 100 respondents.
Table 1
PROFILE OF 100 RESPONDENTS TO TRAINING QUESTIONNAIRE
Length of Time on Direct Not at Less 1-3 years 3 years
Payments all than +
1 year
12 11 44 33
Gender of Respondents Male Female
26 53
Age of Respondents 20-35 36-50 Over 50
10 18 60
Ethnicity of Respondents White White Black Asian
British Other British
82 0 1 1
Impairments of Respondents Phys LD MH Old Hearing Sight
Imps Issues Age Imps Imps
Probs
46 17 11 16 13 9
Notes
1. Not all respondents answered all questions
2. Some respondents had more than one impairment
Some comments implied family carers were completing the form in their own
right as well as others completing them on behalf of the person they cared for.
This reflects the fact that some family carers received a direct payment in
6

7. their own right to give them a break from care work. There was no question to
identify the numbers of family carers receiving direct payments in the
questionnaire. 12 of the 100 respondents reported that they were not currently
using Direct Payments. This may be because they had recently stopped using
direct payments or had been circulated with the questionnaire in error. Their
responses have been excluded from this report and the results are therefore
based on the responses of 88 current direct payment users.
Findings
The questionnaire results show a number of findings relating to the training
needs that direct payments users identified. Over two thirds of respondents
(68%; 60 out of 88) identified at least one workshop they wished to attend.
Those who responded came from all adult age groups, all impairments and
differing lengths of time that they had been using direct payments.
The Workshop that most direct payment respondents felt would be useful, 35
out of 88 (40%) direct payment respondents, was “Dealing with Problems as
they Arise”. More older people (42% over 50’s) chose this workshop compared
with Direct Payment Respondents generally. This suggests it was a workshop
valued by experienced direct payment users and older people who still needed
assistance when new problems arose.
23 (26%) direct payment users wanted to attend workshops on Planning &
Support and the majority of these respondents (13) had been using direct
payments for between one and three years. This suggests that people
recognise, after receiving direct payments for a year or more, that
opportunities to learn about planning that support etc. would enable them to use
direct payments more effectively. A larger proportion of people with learning
difficulties (25%) and with mental health issues (25%) were interested in this
workshop compared to direct payment users with other impairments since these
impairment groups represented only 18% and 8% of the overall sample of
respondents.
18 people out of 88 (20%) requested a workshop on accounting for expenditure,
suggesting that a proportion of direct payment users were concerned about the
returns they had to complete for their direct payment and wanted more control
over their own budgeting.
30 (34%) of the direct payment users did not want training. 14 were keen to
point out the reasons why it was not practical. Some reasons related to
difficulties in attending workshops while others felt there was no need for
them.
7

8. For example some respondents said:
“Sorry very elderly and restricted in travelling.”
“As the person being cared is bed bound, this is not relevant.”
“None at present as I only use money for day centres at present.”
“Filled out by partner/carer – our direct payments are very simple and we do
not need any further help. Thank you very much for offering further support.”
“Housebound – I am 99 years old.”
Figure 1
Percentage of respondents who require
training in identified areas
45
40%
40
35
30
26%
25
20%
20 18%
14% 14%
15
10
6%
5
0
Dealing with Planning and Accounting Managing Recruiting Choosing an Running a
Problems Support for Pas Pas Agency Payroll
that Arise Expenditure
As Figure 1 shows, the other 4 workshops we proposed (Recruiting PA’s,
Managing PA’s, Running a Payroll and Choosing an Agency) were requested by
smaller numbers of respondents.
Respondents were offered a choice of 4 workshops that were not directly
related to direct payments – Assertiveness and Speaking Up, Becoming a
8

9. Volunteer, Taking Part in Local Area Boards and How to Influence Social Care.
Compared with other training offered, there was less interest in these apart
from How to Influence Social Care. The second most popular workshop for
Direct Payment users overall was How to Influence Social Care which was
selected by 28 out of 88 (32%). This suggests respondents using direct
payments still sought to influence general social care policy although they did
not now receive direct services. Those choosing these other workshops were 14
(16%), 11 (13%) and 6 (7%) respectively. Despite the development of localism in
Wiltshire the opportunity to learn to participate in this by direct payment users
appears not to be seen as a priority.
We also asked direct payment users if they would be interested in Wiltshire
CIL running training for the personal assistants they employed. 22 respondents
identified they would value this, whilst 45 replied they would not. 1
A further question about, “Is there anything else you want to say about your
training needs etc?” brought comments from those who recognised the value of
Wiltshire CIL providing training and others who had wider support and training
needs:-
“I am confident I can contact you when my needs grow i.e. Alzheimer’s help, lifting etc.
I just do not have the time or energy for classes.”
“I have received direct payments from you but have no idea where to go for help.”
“More training on benefits/direct payments.”
“Appreciate the availability and scope.”
Respondents were asked about practical arrangements for training workshops
such as the choice of day of the week, time of training and geographical
location. Respondents were equally divided about whether training should be in
the morning or afternoon but only 4 identified evenings as the most convenient.
These responses may be an indication that those Direct Payment users working
full time did not constitute many of the survey respondents. Tuesday was seen
as the most convenient day for training although some respondents chose each
weekday but only 5 people felt they would prefer training on a Saturday.
Respondents expressed preferences for a number of locations for training
workshops, with Devizes as the most popular (21 respondents, 24%), followed by
1
There is no record of the number of direct payment recipients who choose to employ personal assistants so
we do not know what proportion of PA employers this number represents.
9

10. Trowbridge (17 respondents, 19%) and Chippenham (13 respondents, 15%). For
practical reasons, it is unlikely that we would be able to offer training in the
other locations requested by less than five respondents.
Direct payment users were asked how they would travel to training, and were
given the choices of taxi, car, bus, link community driver and on foot. Some
respondents pointed out that arriving by wheelchair was also an option.
43(49%) respondents replied they would travel by car with other means of
transport being chosen by less than 10 (11%) people each so public transport was
not seen as a viable option. This reflects the reality of rural areas where the
lack of public transport means people need to use cars to travel. Only 9
respondents said they would need taxis to attend training workshops.
Respondents were also asked if there were any other areas they would like
support from Wiltshire CIL about. These responses fell into 3 categories:
equipment needs, advocacy support such as “making complaints in the case of
poor service” and issues directly related to Direct Payments such as
“redundancies”.
Discussion
There is increasing emphasis in the personalisation policy on the importance of
encouraging those needing social care support to receive their personal budget
as a direct payment to give maximum choice and control. One important issue
relevant to this is consideration of what range of support to direct payments
users is required in order to enable them to use their direct payments as
effectively as possible.
In the 1980’s and 1990’s when only a few disabled people were able to negotiate
first, indirect payments and then from 1997, direct payments, to purchase their
own support, support services were usually run by local centres for independent
living the roots of which were founded in the Independent Living Movement in
Berkeley, California. This philosophy shaped the pattern of support services
with an emphasis on peer support and using the “lived experience of disabled
people” in delivering quality of service. The pattern of these services was
explored fully by Barnes and Mercer. (2006)
In the last 10 years the growth in the market of direct payment users has led
to the development of more variety of service provision of direct payment
support services with the increased involvement of national commercial
organisations and charities. These have often been chosen by local authorities in
a tender process on the grounds of cost.
10

11. A more recent trend is for local authorities to add a sum to each individual’s
direct payment to purchase the kind of support they wish from within the
community. Whilst this trend is philosophically attractive because it gives a
direct payment user the maximum choice of support services and is also cheaper
for the local authorities who do not need to resource the infrastructure of a
support service, it seriously disadvantages local disabled people’s organisations
seeking to tender in this market. Such organisations often lack the
infrastructure of larger national organisations funded from other sources. It is
also questionable whether the individual direct payment user can exercise full
consumer choice at a time when he/she is at crisis point as is often the situation
when first being offered local authority social care resources.
Meanwhile recent studies about the value of peer support provided by disabled
people’s organisations and the Think Local, Act Personal publications highlight
the value of support (OPM 2011) (DOH 2010). The OPM evaluation of direct
payments in Essex showed that more people moved effectively to direct
payments when supported by a local organisation of disabled people than by the
local authority. However there needs to be more exploration of the different
kinds of peer support which can be provided within disabled people’s
organisations and their appropriateness at different stages of each direct
payment user’s journey.
In Wiltshire CIL we are developing the following peer support services for
direct payment users:-
• A peer support group network across Wiltshire.
• A volunteer peer mentor service.
• A peer influenced online information resource.
• A peer delivered training programme.
The survey findings reported here clearly demonstrate the need for peer
training amongst other peer support services.
A consequence of the growth in direct payments has been a growth in the use of
personal assistants directly employed by disabled people and there is concern
that this new section of the workforce should have opportunities for learning
relevant skills and career progression. The recently published DOH Framework
(2011) explores this subject further but does not consider the possible
advantages of training being provided by disabled people’s organisations. Such
training is a sensitive issue for individual employers who are concerned that
their staff should assist them as they wish and who may find training
11

12. threatening if delivered by an unknown external organisation. Local disabled
people’s organisations have credibility with disabled people and are able to
design courses embedded in disability equality as well as incorporating practical
skills PAs may need such as “Manual Handling”.
The Cardiff Coalition of Disabled People who provide the local direct payment
support service, have developed and obtained accreditation for a 6 session
training course for personal assistants which they are able to run at regular
intervals (Goodwin 2011). Their experience shows the need for local authority
assistance in providing extra financial support to direct payment users to enable
them to support staff to attend the training whilst also employing another
personal assistant to have the support they need during the duration of the
course. The survey findings reported here suggest there is a demand for such a
course to be developed in Wiltshire.
Policy and Practice Recommendations
National
• The value of training for direct payment users by disabled peers in
organisations of disabled people should be recognised and funded as part of
support for direct payment users.
• Further research is needed into the different kinds of peer support disabled
peoples’ organisations can provide to direct payment users and its
effectiveness including the role that can be played by peer training.
• Disabled people’s organisations are trusted by direct payment users as
places to provide personal assistants’ training. Therefore Skills for Care and
the Department of Health should support disabled people’s organisations
wishing to do so, and enable them to gain national accreditation for training
for personal assistants at NVQ level 1 qualification.
• Local authorities should be encouraged to commission training from centres
for independent living for direct payment users and make financial support
available to enable direct payment users to release personal assistants to
attend accredited courses of training.
Wiltshire
• The need for peer training to support direct payment users should be
recognised by the local authority and built in to any plans to support direct
payment users.
12

13. • The travel cost for direct payment users to attend training in Wiltshire
rural county, should be met by the local authority.
• Wiltshire Centre for Independent Living should develop a programme of
training for direct payment users to start in spring 2012.
• Wiltshire Centre for Independent Living should begin a dialogue with Skills
for Care staff to develop an accredited training course for personal
assistants as soon as possible.
References
Barnes C. and Mercer G. (2006) Independent Futures Creating user- led
disability services in a disabling society. Policy Press, Bristol.
Department of Health (2007) Putting People First: A Shared Vision and
Commitment to the Transformation of Adult Social Care, Department of Health,
London.
Department of Health (2010) Putting People First: Planning together – peer
support and self-directed support London:Department of Health
Department of Health (2011) Working for personalised care: a framework for
supporting personal assistants working in adult social care. Social Care
Workforce Policy, Adult Social Care Workforce Department, Department of
Health, Leeds
Goodwin A. Personal email correspondence (2011) Awetu and Cardiff and Vale
Coalition of Disabled People
Office for Public Management (2011) Briefing papers 1 – 4 findings from the
second round of a three year longitudinal study in Essex London ECDP/OPM
Office of Disability Issues (2011) Independent Living Strategy Support planning
and brokerage. London Office of disability Issues
Think Local, Act Personal Partnership (2011) Think local act personal; a
sectorwide commitment to moving forward with personalisation and community –
based support London ; Think Local Act Personal Partnership
Think Local, Act Personal (2011) Re-thinking support planning: Ideas for an
alternative approach London: Think Local, Act Personal Partnership
13

14. Other publications available from Wiltshire CIL
• Quarterly newsletter
• Annual Reports
• Publicity leaflets:
• What We Do
• ‘How’s it for you?’ Peer Mentoring Scheme
• Support to those funding their own care &
support, and their carers
• Peer Support Group Network for Direct Payment
Users and Personal Budget Holders
• How you can help
These can be downloaded from our website www.wiltshirecil.org.uk
These are available in other formats by request from 01380 725400
or info@wiltshirecil.org.uk
Unit 1, 11 Couch Lane, Devizes, Wiltshire SN10 1EB
Charity no. 1120611 Company no. 5480761
©WiltshireCIL 2012
14