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Information Explosion
Nowadays, we are always facing with the information explosions. Actually, information explosion
is the large amount of available information that is produced everyday and it is published in our
society by varieties of medium and in all fields of our life. From days to days, information
explosion has led up to the information overload. Information overload can cause people whose
suffers from it become stress, worried, tired, disappointed, less ability to concentrate, feels
overwhelmed and overburdened, and lessen the people productivity. University of California at
Berkeley's School of Information has made researched about information explosion. According to
them, human has produced more information in the last 30...show more content...
This is because; new information will be produced by individuals when they are acquainted with
knowledge by reading and writing and then master in both of it. So that, many new information will
produced everyday caused by this case.
2.2 INCREASED IN NUMBER OF SCHOLARS
Scholar plays the role as a one who will create the information using their creativity, device to a
new methods, recognize the ideas that exist in this word, and offer the best solutions to a familiar
problem that faced by communities. In addition, they also set up a new standard in science and
technology, in literature, fine arts, business, in industry, and social that has the relationship with
leadership. So, society nature's gift of talent will stagnate and then, it become perishing. This
increasing can be seen in 1800, which there were 1,000 scientists and engineers in the world which
increased to 10,000 in 1850 and in 1900, it still increase to 100,000. In 1950s, the numbers rose to
one million. It is this ever increasing number of scientists that accounts for the rapid increasing of
published materials.
2.3 INCREASED IN RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
Information explosion also affected by increased of research and development activities. Until today,
the funds in field of research have changed in their scale and level. It has changed the significant of
research become mission–oriented, multidisciplinary and believed a matrix managed character.
2.4 EXPANDING
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Information System Essay
1. Introduction
It is generally accepted that information is a vital commodity for the successful operation of today's
organizations. Nowadays modern business organizations are using computerized information
systems in order to obtain such information. However as the technology advances rapidly the main
issue is how can an organization should effectively use such an information system – which its
management sometimes can be unpredictable – in order to effectively help the whole organization
structure to improve and take the most out of it.
This report will try to analyze intranet and its impact on the use of information in organizations, as
well as what actions an organization might take to make the most effective use of it.
2. What is...show more content...
Server software: Today's Web servers come with a variety of servers ranging from HTML editors in
search engines to application servers.
Client Software: Two main browsers here. Netscape Navigator and Microsoft Internet Explorer.
Site Management Software: Web site management includes such things as uploading HTMLfiles,
showing a graphical view of a site, checking for bad links, etc.
Application development tools: The tools listed under this category have much in common with the
site management tools. Both edit HMTL and upload files to the server. The tools have built in
support, usually drag and drop, for scripting.
Application servers: These servers use special tags within an HTML file to direct processing. They
also can have hooks to call external programs to handle processing that is not built into the server,
and they also separate developer and server portions into separate packages.
Implementation approaches: Such as ASP, CGI, Java, Application servers.
4. Intranet architecture
There are several ways to build up an intranet. However some common characteristics of an intranet's
architecture, in order for organizations to gain the more out of it, are:
Integrating information design with business planning
Intranets should help employees to collaborate on business processes, such as product development
or order fulfillment, which create value for a company and its customers. Successful intranets allow
employees from a variety of
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Essay about Information Is Power
Many people say that money is the ultimate motivator, that money will drive anyone to do anything
for the right price. However, who is to say that there isn't a power greater than that? Information,
which is interchangeable with knowledge, is the true driving force behind almost all of the events
that happen in the world, both fictional and real. Without the knowledge of wealth to be gained there
is no driving force behind money. In the story, The Pardoner's Tale, the trio of men never had a clue
of the wealth they could obtain until someone, namely Death, informed them of it. In Paradise Lost
the information that Satan provides Eve of the Tree of Knowledge of Good and Evil drives Eve to
made a decision that leads to the fall of Man. Even...show more content...
This, in my opinion, is the true driving force behind story, The Pardoner's Tale. In the epic poem,
Paradise Lost, Satan gathers information about Adam and Eve and eventually formulates a plan to
bring about the downfall of Man. Satan enters into the body of a serpent and waits until Eve is
alone. When she finally leaves Adam's side Satan makes his move, by approaching her and
telling her of all the good things that the fruit that came from the Tree of Knowledge of Good and
Evil, such as him being able to talk. Satan knows that Eve is the weaker willed of the two and
begins to flatter her as well as inform her that an apple has given him the ability to speak. Satan
then leads Eve to the tree in which she shies away from knowing that God has forbidden her and
Adam from eating from it. Satan, however, does not back down and continues to pressure her into
eating the fruit, stating that, "Look on me, me who have touched and tasted, yet both live, and life
more perfect have attained than fate meant me, by vent'ring higher than my lot (Lines 684–690)."
This twisted information pushes Eve past the point of no return and she takes an apple and bites
into it, after which, "Earth felt the wound, and nature from her seat sighing through all her works
gave signs of woe, that all was lost (Lines 782–784)," as the fall of Man becomes complete. Satan
through twisted information and knowing what to say and when to say it bring
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Information Literacy
Information literacy to me is basically being literate in gathering information, in today's method of
gaining information is at a much rapped pace as oppose to methods used even just a decade ago.
When I was growing up there were no cell phones, MapQuest, laptops, tablets etc. Yes computers
were used, but mostly in an office setting, this change came about in a very short time span,
technology has come a long way. We have evolved into having informationliteracy right at our
finger tips, we know what is happening around the world in a matter of seconds, whereas years ago
you need to rely on second hand account. Other areas of change with information literacy is traveling,
years ago you needed to go to an travel agency to book a trip,
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Students Name: Marsil Hana
1.Describe the terms Data, Information, and Knowledge and how they are related to each other.
Data: is a collection of facts and studies, it can be thought of as a description of the world. For
example, when I say I have brown hair, hazel eyes and live in Chicago, those are all data.
Information: information is much more refined data, because it evolved to the point where it can be
useful and helpful to study a certain case or form of analysis.
Knowledge: it is basically what we know, maybe insights and facts that we've learned in our life, or
some experience that we applied to data and information.
In my opinion, they are related to each other because everything started from facts and our
knowledge on specific topics and facts, and it all evolved to information and helpful data.
2.Describe 5 components of the database system and why they are important part of the system?
1–Data: it's very important because most companies and organizations generate, store and process
large amounts of data.
2–Hardware: it's also an important component because we store our data in the storage devices like
CD, DVD, floppy disk, and all the important parts like the processor and memory.
3–Software: it consists the DBMS that acts as a bridge between the user and DB. It also interacts
with the user through application and programs.
4–People: users are the human beings that need the data and information to help them with their
daily lives and work by interacting
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Essay Information Management
Information Management
Johannessen and Olsen (2010) noted "with this economic landscape, knowledge itself became a
factor of production–specifically, knowledge related to identifying and exploiting new ways to
establish temporary competitive advantage" (p. 502). Their observation reflects that under today's
business environment, the ability to optimize information is a significant factor that enables such
companies to succeed their businesses. However, the use of information is more important than just
limited in business practices, also for everyone living and other professional arenas (Badke, 2009;
Turusheva, 2009). Educational institutions in which are responsible for teaching students to ingrain
knowledge that uses for achieving...show more content...
The customer centric strategy also affected such companies to shift themselves from close to open in
the form of connect and develop with the external stakeholders for creating values to their products
and services (Chesbrough, 2003, as cited in Johannessen & Olsen, 2010). The connect and develop
model change such companies in these areas of doing business, such as individualized immediate
feedback, a new organizational logic, and new cooperation structure that influence by information
(Johannessen & Olsen, 2010). The three areas affected by the use of external information stated
previously affect such a company to make change responding to the new strategy (Johannessen &
Olsen, 2010). For instance, to perform individualized immediate feedback, a company needs
employees who have abilities to analyze and evaluate feedback information. Employees as a frontline
in the business operation whose roles are receiving, delivering, and responding feedbacks to both
internal and external stakeholders, such as managers, management teams, customers, suppliers, and
so on. The management teams would use feedback information from the frontline to make changes
as organizational logic appropriately to the business model (Johannessen & Olsen, 2010).
The Role of Educational Institutions in Responding to Changes
Russell (2009) noted today's students "struggle with critically and
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Information and Knowledge Essay
Information and Knowledge
In this modern era of information and communication, someone's status in the world often depends
on what that person knows. We, as humans, often think that what we believe is truth and stored in
our brains as knowledge. I tell you however that just because you have a belief in something doesn't
always make is knowledge and definitely not truth. For example, I could believe that President
Clinton will be assassinated before he leaves office later this year. That does not mean that I have
knowledge of this event; it was just a lucky guess (if it came to be). An ancient greek philosopher I
am sure you are all familiar with, Socrates, once stated that true belief has to have "an account" or a
justification...show more content...
No one can say that you are not in pain, the belief of the pain is in the first person and not reliant
of external data or justification. Anything that does not fall into this category is a belief justified
by something outside the first person or yourself. Beliefs about the external world need
justification. The easiest way to explain this theory is to put it in a dialogue or "dialectic" form.
Like a conversation between two people where one person proposes an idea or theory and the other
person tries to reinforce or find fault in the other persons reasoning. For simplicity's sake let's say
that I had the following dialogue with Joe, the guy with the dog on the mat.
Joe: Hey Craig, my dog is on the mat. I see that my dog is lying on the mat. And sensing any
physical object through one or more of my five senses has to guarantee that the object is in fact
there in the real physical world.
Craig: Wait a minute Joe, just because you are having sense data of the dog does not mean the dog
exists in the real world. Let me explain, what you are seeing is a mental (electrical) representation
of a dog on a mat. In your dreams you see, touch, taste, smell, and hear things. Are they real? I don't
think so. I cannot doubt that you are having the sensory data, that is a self–justified belief. I can
think of another possible scenario of you seeing the dog on the mat. You are actually dreaming, all
this is empty space. Your belief cannot be justified
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Information Literacy Essay
Information Literacy is being able to research information on your subject ,evaluate it,and then to
use that information adequately in your research. It is very vital to use these steps for a few
different reasons , One to avoid to much information that may be out there however , not quit being
suitable for the pertaining subject. Second being able to break down and looking at different options
you may have then coming to the conclusion of what information exactly would be used more
accurately by the knowledge and information you find . A.P.A. style is one of many differentwriting
techniques that is used for essays, papers, books and publications. A.P.A. style is needed so that the
researcher can find exactly what he/she may need in the paper without having to waste time and read
the whole thing and for somethings time is very valuable for the researcher....show more content...
A.P.A style can help you with Information Literacy because it helps you get the correct information
with accurate results , The part of the A.P.A style that I think is the hardest is everything right now
I have never done any A.P.A papers not even in high school so this is a new experience along with
taking the time so everything is in
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The Importance of Information Literacy Essay
Information literacy skills are used for academic purposes, such as research papers and group
presentations. They are used on the job–the ability to find, evaluate, use and share information is an
essential skill. They are also used in consumer decisions, such as which car or vacuum cleaner to
purchase, are critical. Last but not least, they are used by informed citizens in participating fully in a
democratic society through voting (Kenney, 2007).
Information literacy is conceivably the foundation for learning in contemporary environment of
continuous technological change. As information and communication technologies develop rapidly,
and the information environment becomes increasingly complex, educators are recognizing the need
for...show more content...
They know where to look for the answer to both the common everyday information needs and for
the answer to the more perplexing, less–easily–addressed, problems of life. They are familiar not just
with where to look but also with the tools and processes required to find those answers. Zabel
(2007) points out that efforts to train students to be adept at attaining information through a variety
of mechanisms must be "integrated, relevant, ongoing, collaborative, and applied" if they are to be
successful in preparing those students for success in their academic and professional careers (Zabel
,2007).
For students to be adequately informed about the value of the university library and resources such
as the Internet in information retrieval there must be a careful collaboration between teaching staff
and library staff (Kenney, 2007). The focus in this task, of course, is preparing students not just for
the immediate research project at hand but rather to prepare them to be life long learners, to prepare
them to be successful and productive once they leave the academic environment and take up their
chosen careers (Lauer & Yodanis, 2012).
A search for information can take a variety of routes. It might entail a visit to the university library or
to some other organization that maintains information on a particular subject. Academic libraries are
indeed a critical tool in information
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Reliable Information
Information is the collection of raw facts and figures that have been processed to have some
meaning behind them and it is used in many purposes, hence, the information used has to be good.
For the information to be good, there are certain characteristics that should be followed, such as
being valid, reliable, timely, fit for purpose, accessible, cost effective, sufficiently accurate, relevant,
and understandable. I have described some of them below.
Valid
An information is considered to be valid, when it is correct and very solid, therefore, it can be
utilised for the reason that the individual needs it for. For instance, a valid information would be
extremely useful is at the business case and business presentation. These reports, or archives in
general, would have to be valid information as it is talking over the project, and in the case that there
is an invalid information, it could prompt the stakeholders to pull back from the project and the
business to lose the competition.
Reliable
Reliable information is information that comes from a legit and trustworthy source and it has no
shortcomings or mistakes. Every time that business decides to use reliable information, it has to
clearly reference the sources, both internal and external. For instance, reliable information would
have to be used on the expenses of the materials...show more content...
By being accessible, is an essential feature for every good information, as it allows it to be used
whenever and wherever it is required. In projects, information is made available and accessible to
everyone, by either sharing the file on Google Drive, etc. or by sending it via a private email. This
is essential, because everyone from the team, should have the information available and ease to
access them, as it is crucial for the overall project to succeed, and ensure that all the members had all
the information and that the information where the
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Information Technology Essay
Information Technology
Haag and Keen (1996) agreed that information technology is a set of tools that helps you work with
information and perform task related to information processing. Included in this set are seven
building blocks. All together, these building blocks are called an IT system (p.8). For an IT system
we need: Input and output, software, communication devices, the processing engine, information,
storage devices, and most important people (Haag & Keen, 1996).
According to Haag and Keen (1996) the definitions of the IT system is as follow,
1. Input and output devices that you use to enter information and commands and to receive (usually
by hearing or seeing) the results of your requests. Input and output...show more content...
Although all are components of an IT system, you must look at yourself and other and realize that
people are the most important building block. Without you, and IT system really is nothing more
than computer–an expensive piece of electronic equipment that takes up space and gathers dust (p.9).
A Comparison on How Students Used Technology Before and Now
Computers were not yet an integral part of every classroom. According to Crane (2000), a study in
1995 indicated technologies in the elementary school were overwhelmingly used for basic skill
exercise but were not connected to the ongoing curriculum. The same study noted that in middle and
high school, computers, were being used primarily to create documents or to teach computer skill.
Now in the 21st century, Charp (2003) reported that the use of technology for students has not only
increased in the classroom, but also in homes, libraries, coffee shops and other places throughout our
nation's communities. During the years of President Clinton he pledged to wire all school to internet
point. Now classrooms are made into research laboratories. Now, students are learning that online
resources can help them recognize bias, propaganda, and commercially driven information; to think
both concretely and abstractly; to reason and to question. On the World Wide Web, students can
learn about endangered species in different
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Information Technology Essay
Information technology is a rapidly growing part of today's society. It affects everyone's life in many
aspects. Every human endeavor is influenced by information technology and the increasing rate at
which what it can perform includes. One area of human endeavor that information technology has
greatly influenced is the practice of medicine, specifically veterinary medicine. Not only has
veterinary medicine been influenced by information technology, it has also been enhanced by it. The
degree to which the practice of veterinary medicine includes information technology is observable at
the Animal Emergency Clinic of Central New York on Erie Blvd. in Syracuse, New York.
Section I: veterinary medicine.
Doctors of veterinary medicine are the...show more content...
Working, volunteering and interning are all acceptable ways to gain experience in the field of
veterinary medicine. The reason behind schools requiring experience is to ensure that the student
knows what they are getting into before they spend thousands of dollars (approx. $20,000/yr.) and
at least four years of their life in an extremely intensive academic environment. Many people have
an altered idea of what being a vet is about. A lot of physical and emotion endurance is necessary to
be a successful veterinarian. Many people are unaware of that.
The specific undergraduate course requirements to get into a school of veterinary medicine vary
between the schools. All of them are science intensive. Most require a well–rounded education. The
University of California at Davis school of veterinary medicine requires one year of general
biology, one year of general chemistry, one year of organic chemistry, and one year of physics as
far as lower division requirements. Upper division requirements include a semester of
biochemistry, a semester of systemic physiology, a semester of vertebrate embryology, and a
semester of genetics. On top of that they want their applicants to have taken courses in English
composition, humanities, social sciences as well as statistics. Simply taking these courses is not
enough, they need to be completed with a GPA above a 2.5. However, the competition has an
average GPA of 3.45. The
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Importance Of Information Literacy Essay
NAME: AKASH ANAND (USQ)
STUDENT: U1104609
Information literacy means to phrase troubles in terms of the information needs and to apply an
organized approach to search and produce the information and evaluate the entire process in terms of
effectiveness and efficiency. It is true that a learner has a better lifestyle that is adapted in
information literacy. Some group of people believes that student should not be depending on
information given in each field. Information literacy skill explains that knowledge is important to all
disciplines and should make up year by year as student's progress through their study. Students
should not only understand the information but they should also need to work hard to make the use
of it and they should know about what exact information they needed and what actually they have
found. For all the group of people information literacy is important for just knowing different policies
and strategies but also to promote human rights and improvement.
Information literacy in my field helps such a way to improve skills in finding different sources and
make use of that source properly so that the results out of it can be more familiar in writing,
listening, speaking and reading of my own subjects effectively. We should work hard and gathered
information from online sources. This forms the basis for lifetime education. There are many
methods in electrical engineering field such as process understanding and power consuming data in
which there is need
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Information Literacy
1. Information Literacy is knowing when information is needed and when to use it in many
different formats. You have to be professional, be successfully updated, and keep up with current
knowledge today. Look online for information you need, make sure information is reliable, to
communicate, use computers such as (operating systems), and know how to back up files. People
will have a problem when they don't have the skills and knowledge to be successful at work or
school. So with that being said they people will have to keep up with technology and new
information to stay ahead of the game. Ask wrong questions, being disorganized, having false
information, having old information, finding the wrong information, will wasting your time.
2. Others...show more content...
Computer Literacy is basically how a computer works and with skills used to complete assignments
if given. Some examples that make up areas of Computer Literacy are software (word), hardware
(keyboard, mouse), and internet (how to search for information). To have the knowledge about
Computer Literacy you could be at an advantage at work or school.
7. Library Literacy is finding material from books that are in the library. You will be able to find
/get information out of resources such as databases, encyclopedias, indexes, catalogs, etc. The
librarian will always be there to help you if you have any questions/problems.
8. Media Literacy started in the 21st century in education. It also creates media in different forms
such as graphic, audio, the internet, etc. Always remember that print media could be used majority
of times because it's sufficient.
9. With Technology Literacy you would have to use technology tools to find/access, and
communicate information. Databases, word, spreadsheets, search engines, etc are all examples use
for Technology Literacy. Technology is being updated everyday so you would have to stay up to
date to keep up with new information. People who doesn't have enough information would end up
not being successful because Technology Literacy skills are required in every
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Information Literacy
Information literacy is very important in today's world. Information literacy means that a person has
the ability to understand when the information is necessary and that the person is able to find and
then use that information. To be information literate, a person must be able to do the following:
Assess how much information is needed, find that information, assess the information and make sure
that its sources are reliable, use that information as intended, and make sure that the information is
not used in a way that's unethically or illegal. Information literacy is used very often in one's
everyday life. For example, information literacy is very important in the nursing field. When I was in
clinical, I would get certain patients to care
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Information Literacy Examples
William,
I enjoyed how you gave so many real life examples of how we use information literacy everyday.
Also I enjoyed how you talked about how we a society that wants answer and information instantly.
I believe that this has helped to better our society but has also created the divide in quality of
information that so many people have already talked about. We want information, good information,
avialable to us right away whenever we want it, but to actually get our hands on credible information
some times it can take digging through not so good stuff, which takes time!
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Information Literacy Paper
Each display of instruction within and through academic libraries was built on the outline of
previous systems: library orientation, bibliographic instruction, and information literacy. For the time
period each methodology served, learners were introduced to new concepts, new knowledge, and
new skills through which new knowledge was constructed. (Shanbhag, 2006) argued that the current
practice of information literacy instruction failed to provide learners with the ability to create new
methods and applications for producing knowledge as it was intended, instead, the same processes
from decades before have been handed down and repackaged as a different approach. The researcher
found that the support for such comments through. (Palmer, 1972) showed three decades earlier that
...show more content...
(The Association of College and Research Libraries, 2000) said that integrative thinkers succeed
even when instability is the only constant. As the information literacy competencies and standards
the 21st century was future in the possibility. Information literacy is a set of abilities requiring
individuals to "recognize when information is needed and have the ability to locate, evaluate, and
use effectively the needed information." Information literacy also is increasingly important in the
contemporary environment of rapid technological change and proliferating information resources.
Because of the escalating complexity of this environment, individuals are faced with diverse,
abundant information choices––in their academic studies, in the workplace, and in their personal
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Information Security Essay
Information security means protecting information and information systems from unauthorized
access, use, disclosure, modification or destruction.
Since the early days of writing, heads of state and military commanders understood that it was
necessary to provide some mechanism to protect the confidentiality of written correspondence and to
have some means of detecting tampering.
For over twenty years, information security has held confidentiality, integrity and availability as the
core principles of information security.
Confidentiality is the term used to prevent the disclosure of information to unauthorized individuals
or systems. Confidentiality is necessary (but not sufficient) for maintaining the privacy of the people
whose personal...show more content...
С первых дней письма главы государств и
военные начальники поняли, что необходимо
создать некоторый механизм, чтобы
обеспечить конфиденциальность
переписки Рё иметь какие–то средства
обнаружения несанкционированного
доступа.
Больше Р
ґРІР°РґС†Р°С‚Рё лет конфиденциальность,
целостность и доступность информации
считались основными принципами
информационной безопасности.
Конфиденциальность – термин, означающий
предотвращение разглашеР
ЅРёСЏ информации
неуполномоченными лицами или системами.
Конфиденциальность необходима (но не
достаточна) для сохранения личной
информации о людях, которые есть в
системе.В информационной безопасности
целостность означает, что данные не могут
быть изменены без разрешеР
ЅРёСЏ.
РљРѕРіРґР° управляющие хотят уменьшитС
Њ СЂРёСЃРє,
они выбирают один или более из трех
различных видов контроля.
Административный контроль формирует
основу для ведения бизнеса и управления
людьми. Он говорит людям о том, как вести
бизнес и как выполнять повседневные
операции. Логический контроль (или
технический контроль) использует
программное обеспечение и данные, чтобы
контролировать и управлять доступом к
информации и вычислительным системам.
Физическое управление контролирует и
управляет обстановкой на рабочем месте и
вычислительными средствами.
Важным аспектом информационной
безопасности и управления риском
является определение ценности
информации и определение
соответствующих процедур и требований
защиты для информации. Не вся информация
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Explain The Sources Of Information Literacy
The sources used will be cited as per APA to demonstrate information literacy. The main sources of
information will be the course textbooks as well as circulars and scholarly articles from a number
of resources. Other reliable sources of information will also be used. A suitable approach
demonstrating information literacy will be used to explore and analyse the data.
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Information Based Decision Making Essay
| Information based decision making| Unit 5002V1| | | 4/1/2015|
Task 1 (600–700 words):
A.C.1.1 – Examine the nature of data and information
Data comprises of factual information. Data are the facts from which information is derived. Data is
not necessarily informative on its own but needs to be structured, interpreted, analysed and
contextualised. Once data undergoes this process, it transforms in to information. Information
should be accessible and understood by the reader without needing to be interpreted or manipulated
in any way.
Knowledge is the framework for understanding information and using it to inform judgements,
opinions, predictions and decisions – a pyramidal relationship (See diagram 1)
Diagram...show more content...
Therefore, I prefer circular model (Diagram 2) of the relationship as knowledge can influence what
data is collected thus generating information to enhance knowledge that in turn can generate more
data.
There are different types of data and information. These are examined in Table 1:
Type of data| Definition| Pros| Cons| Qualitative data/ information| A rich and detailed method to
capture how and why people behave in certain ways and the impact of these processes on
behaviour. | Captures participant's lived experiences.Allows a deeper understanding of a
topic.Smaller sample sizes so less expensive to do.Takes researcher bias in to account – an ethical
strengthCan help to provide new ideas to shape a service for people.| Smaller sample sizes, so less
generalizable to larger populations.Not possible to create statistics – which can help to shape and
plan service effectiveness and deliveryTime consumingDifficult to make comparisons within the
sample.Poor re–test reliabilityResults vulnerable to researcher bias and experience.| Quantitative
data/ information| Analysis of numerical data to explain outcome, prevalence, frequency, time, cost.|
Based on explicit knowledge and this can be easy and fast to capture and analyse.Results can be
generalised to larger populationsCan be repeated – therefore good test re–test reliability and
validityStatistical analyses and interpretation are
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Essay Information

  • 1. Information Explosion Nowadays, we are always facing with the information explosions. Actually, information explosion is the large amount of available information that is produced everyday and it is published in our society by varieties of medium and in all fields of our life. From days to days, information explosion has led up to the information overload. Information overload can cause people whose suffers from it become stress, worried, tired, disappointed, less ability to concentrate, feels overwhelmed and overburdened, and lessen the people productivity. University of California at Berkeley's School of Information has made researched about information explosion. According to them, human has produced more information in the last 30...show more content... This is because; new information will be produced by individuals when they are acquainted with knowledge by reading and writing and then master in both of it. So that, many new information will produced everyday caused by this case. 2.2 INCREASED IN NUMBER OF SCHOLARS Scholar plays the role as a one who will create the information using their creativity, device to a new methods, recognize the ideas that exist in this word, and offer the best solutions to a familiar problem that faced by communities. In addition, they also set up a new standard in science and technology, in literature, fine arts, business, in industry, and social that has the relationship with leadership. So, society nature's gift of talent will stagnate and then, it become perishing. This increasing can be seen in 1800, which there were 1,000 scientists and engineers in the world which increased to 10,000 in 1850 and in 1900, it still increase to 100,000. In 1950s, the numbers rose to one million. It is this ever increasing number of scientists that accounts for the rapid increasing of published materials. 2.3 INCREASED IN RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT Information explosion also affected by increased of research and development activities. Until today, the funds in field of research have changed in their scale and level. It has changed the significant of research become mission–oriented, multidisciplinary and believed a matrix managed character. 2.4 EXPANDING Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 2. Information System Essay 1. Introduction It is generally accepted that information is a vital commodity for the successful operation of today's organizations. Nowadays modern business organizations are using computerized information systems in order to obtain such information. However as the technology advances rapidly the main issue is how can an organization should effectively use such an information system – which its management sometimes can be unpredictable – in order to effectively help the whole organization structure to improve and take the most out of it. This report will try to analyze intranet and its impact on the use of information in organizations, as well as what actions an organization might take to make the most effective use of it. 2. What is...show more content... Server software: Today's Web servers come with a variety of servers ranging from HTML editors in search engines to application servers. Client Software: Two main browsers here. Netscape Navigator and Microsoft Internet Explorer. Site Management Software: Web site management includes such things as uploading HTMLfiles, showing a graphical view of a site, checking for bad links, etc. Application development tools: The tools listed under this category have much in common with the site management tools. Both edit HMTL and upload files to the server. The tools have built in support, usually drag and drop, for scripting. Application servers: These servers use special tags within an HTML file to direct processing. They also can have hooks to call external programs to handle processing that is not built into the server, and they also separate developer and server portions into separate packages. Implementation approaches: Such as ASP, CGI, Java, Application servers. 4. Intranet architecture There are several ways to build up an intranet. However some common characteristics of an intranet's architecture, in order for organizations to gain the more out of it, are: Integrating information design with business planning Intranets should help employees to collaborate on business processes, such as product development or order fulfillment, which create value for a company and its customers. Successful intranets allow employees from a variety of Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 3. Essay about Information Is Power Many people say that money is the ultimate motivator, that money will drive anyone to do anything for the right price. However, who is to say that there isn't a power greater than that? Information, which is interchangeable with knowledge, is the true driving force behind almost all of the events that happen in the world, both fictional and real. Without the knowledge of wealth to be gained there is no driving force behind money. In the story, The Pardoner's Tale, the trio of men never had a clue of the wealth they could obtain until someone, namely Death, informed them of it. In Paradise Lost the information that Satan provides Eve of the Tree of Knowledge of Good and Evil drives Eve to made a decision that leads to the fall of Man. Even...show more content... This, in my opinion, is the true driving force behind story, The Pardoner's Tale. In the epic poem, Paradise Lost, Satan gathers information about Adam and Eve and eventually formulates a plan to bring about the downfall of Man. Satan enters into the body of a serpent and waits until Eve is alone. When she finally leaves Adam's side Satan makes his move, by approaching her and telling her of all the good things that the fruit that came from the Tree of Knowledge of Good and Evil, such as him being able to talk. Satan knows that Eve is the weaker willed of the two and begins to flatter her as well as inform her that an apple has given him the ability to speak. Satan then leads Eve to the tree in which she shies away from knowing that God has forbidden her and Adam from eating from it. Satan, however, does not back down and continues to pressure her into eating the fruit, stating that, "Look on me, me who have touched and tasted, yet both live, and life more perfect have attained than fate meant me, by vent'ring higher than my lot (Lines 684–690)." This twisted information pushes Eve past the point of no return and she takes an apple and bites into it, after which, "Earth felt the wound, and nature from her seat sighing through all her works gave signs of woe, that all was lost (Lines 782–784)," as the fall of Man becomes complete. Satan through twisted information and knowing what to say and when to say it bring Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 4. Information Literacy Information literacy to me is basically being literate in gathering information, in today's method of gaining information is at a much rapped pace as oppose to methods used even just a decade ago. When I was growing up there were no cell phones, MapQuest, laptops, tablets etc. Yes computers were used, but mostly in an office setting, this change came about in a very short time span, technology has come a long way. We have evolved into having informationliteracy right at our finger tips, we know what is happening around the world in a matter of seconds, whereas years ago you need to rely on second hand account. Other areas of change with information literacy is traveling, years ago you needed to go to an travel agency to book a trip, Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 5. Students Name: Marsil Hana 1.Describe the terms Data, Information, and Knowledge and how they are related to each other. Data: is a collection of facts and studies, it can be thought of as a description of the world. For example, when I say I have brown hair, hazel eyes and live in Chicago, those are all data. Information: information is much more refined data, because it evolved to the point where it can be useful and helpful to study a certain case or form of analysis. Knowledge: it is basically what we know, maybe insights and facts that we've learned in our life, or some experience that we applied to data and information. In my opinion, they are related to each other because everything started from facts and our knowledge on specific topics and facts, and it all evolved to information and helpful data. 2.Describe 5 components of the database system and why they are important part of the system? 1–Data: it's very important because most companies and organizations generate, store and process large amounts of data. 2–Hardware: it's also an important component because we store our data in the storage devices like CD, DVD, floppy disk, and all the important parts like the processor and memory. 3–Software: it consists the DBMS that acts as a bridge between the user and DB. It also interacts with the user through application and programs. 4–People: users are the human beings that need the data and information to help them with their daily lives and work by interacting Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 6. Essay Information Management Information Management Johannessen and Olsen (2010) noted "with this economic landscape, knowledge itself became a factor of production–specifically, knowledge related to identifying and exploiting new ways to establish temporary competitive advantage" (p. 502). Their observation reflects that under today's business environment, the ability to optimize information is a significant factor that enables such companies to succeed their businesses. However, the use of information is more important than just limited in business practices, also for everyone living and other professional arenas (Badke, 2009; Turusheva, 2009). Educational institutions in which are responsible for teaching students to ingrain knowledge that uses for achieving...show more content... The customer centric strategy also affected such companies to shift themselves from close to open in the form of connect and develop with the external stakeholders for creating values to their products and services (Chesbrough, 2003, as cited in Johannessen & Olsen, 2010). The connect and develop model change such companies in these areas of doing business, such as individualized immediate feedback, a new organizational logic, and new cooperation structure that influence by information (Johannessen & Olsen, 2010). The three areas affected by the use of external information stated previously affect such a company to make change responding to the new strategy (Johannessen & Olsen, 2010). For instance, to perform individualized immediate feedback, a company needs employees who have abilities to analyze and evaluate feedback information. Employees as a frontline in the business operation whose roles are receiving, delivering, and responding feedbacks to both internal and external stakeholders, such as managers, management teams, customers, suppliers, and so on. The management teams would use feedback information from the frontline to make changes as organizational logic appropriately to the business model (Johannessen & Olsen, 2010). The Role of Educational Institutions in Responding to Changes Russell (2009) noted today's students "struggle with critically and Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 7. Information and Knowledge Essay Information and Knowledge In this modern era of information and communication, someone's status in the world often depends on what that person knows. We, as humans, often think that what we believe is truth and stored in our brains as knowledge. I tell you however that just because you have a belief in something doesn't always make is knowledge and definitely not truth. For example, I could believe that President Clinton will be assassinated before he leaves office later this year. That does not mean that I have knowledge of this event; it was just a lucky guess (if it came to be). An ancient greek philosopher I am sure you are all familiar with, Socrates, once stated that true belief has to have "an account" or a justification...show more content... No one can say that you are not in pain, the belief of the pain is in the first person and not reliant of external data or justification. Anything that does not fall into this category is a belief justified by something outside the first person or yourself. Beliefs about the external world need justification. The easiest way to explain this theory is to put it in a dialogue or "dialectic" form. Like a conversation between two people where one person proposes an idea or theory and the other person tries to reinforce or find fault in the other persons reasoning. For simplicity's sake let's say that I had the following dialogue with Joe, the guy with the dog on the mat. Joe: Hey Craig, my dog is on the mat. I see that my dog is lying on the mat. And sensing any physical object through one or more of my five senses has to guarantee that the object is in fact there in the real physical world. Craig: Wait a minute Joe, just because you are having sense data of the dog does not mean the dog exists in the real world. Let me explain, what you are seeing is a mental (electrical) representation of a dog on a mat. In your dreams you see, touch, taste, smell, and hear things. Are they real? I don't think so. I cannot doubt that you are having the sensory data, that is a self–justified belief. I can think of another possible scenario of you seeing the dog on the mat. You are actually dreaming, all this is empty space. Your belief cannot be justified Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 8. Information Literacy Essay Information Literacy is being able to research information on your subject ,evaluate it,and then to use that information adequately in your research. It is very vital to use these steps for a few different reasons , One to avoid to much information that may be out there however , not quit being suitable for the pertaining subject. Second being able to break down and looking at different options you may have then coming to the conclusion of what information exactly would be used more accurately by the knowledge and information you find . A.P.A. style is one of many differentwriting techniques that is used for essays, papers, books and publications. A.P.A. style is needed so that the researcher can find exactly what he/she may need in the paper without having to waste time and read the whole thing and for somethings time is very valuable for the researcher....show more content... A.P.A style can help you with Information Literacy because it helps you get the correct information with accurate results , The part of the A.P.A style that I think is the hardest is everything right now I have never done any A.P.A papers not even in high school so this is a new experience along with taking the time so everything is in Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 9. The Importance of Information Literacy Essay Information literacy skills are used for academic purposes, such as research papers and group presentations. They are used on the job–the ability to find, evaluate, use and share information is an essential skill. They are also used in consumer decisions, such as which car or vacuum cleaner to purchase, are critical. Last but not least, they are used by informed citizens in participating fully in a democratic society through voting (Kenney, 2007). Information literacy is conceivably the foundation for learning in contemporary environment of continuous technological change. As information and communication technologies develop rapidly, and the information environment becomes increasingly complex, educators are recognizing the need for...show more content... They know where to look for the answer to both the common everyday information needs and for the answer to the more perplexing, less–easily–addressed, problems of life. They are familiar not just with where to look but also with the tools and processes required to find those answers. Zabel (2007) points out that efforts to train students to be adept at attaining information through a variety of mechanisms must be "integrated, relevant, ongoing, collaborative, and applied" if they are to be successful in preparing those students for success in their academic and professional careers (Zabel ,2007). For students to be adequately informed about the value of the university library and resources such as the Internet in information retrieval there must be a careful collaboration between teaching staff and library staff (Kenney, 2007). The focus in this task, of course, is preparing students not just for the immediate research project at hand but rather to prepare them to be life long learners, to prepare them to be successful and productive once they leave the academic environment and take up their chosen careers (Lauer & Yodanis, 2012). A search for information can take a variety of routes. It might entail a visit to the university library or to some other organization that maintains information on a particular subject. Academic libraries are indeed a critical tool in information Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 10. Reliable Information Information is the collection of raw facts and figures that have been processed to have some meaning behind them and it is used in many purposes, hence, the information used has to be good. For the information to be good, there are certain characteristics that should be followed, such as being valid, reliable, timely, fit for purpose, accessible, cost effective, sufficiently accurate, relevant, and understandable. I have described some of them below. Valid An information is considered to be valid, when it is correct and very solid, therefore, it can be utilised for the reason that the individual needs it for. For instance, a valid information would be extremely useful is at the business case and business presentation. These reports, or archives in general, would have to be valid information as it is talking over the project, and in the case that there is an invalid information, it could prompt the stakeholders to pull back from the project and the business to lose the competition. Reliable Reliable information is information that comes from a legit and trustworthy source and it has no shortcomings or mistakes. Every time that business decides to use reliable information, it has to clearly reference the sources, both internal and external. For instance, reliable information would have to be used on the expenses of the materials...show more content... By being accessible, is an essential feature for every good information, as it allows it to be used whenever and wherever it is required. In projects, information is made available and accessible to everyone, by either sharing the file on Google Drive, etc. or by sending it via a private email. This is essential, because everyone from the team, should have the information available and ease to access them, as it is crucial for the overall project to succeed, and ensure that all the members had all the information and that the information where the Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 11. Information Technology Essay Information Technology Haag and Keen (1996) agreed that information technology is a set of tools that helps you work with information and perform task related to information processing. Included in this set are seven building blocks. All together, these building blocks are called an IT system (p.8). For an IT system we need: Input and output, software, communication devices, the processing engine, information, storage devices, and most important people (Haag & Keen, 1996). According to Haag and Keen (1996) the definitions of the IT system is as follow, 1. Input and output devices that you use to enter information and commands and to receive (usually by hearing or seeing) the results of your requests. Input and output...show more content... Although all are components of an IT system, you must look at yourself and other and realize that people are the most important building block. Without you, and IT system really is nothing more than computer–an expensive piece of electronic equipment that takes up space and gathers dust (p.9). A Comparison on How Students Used Technology Before and Now Computers were not yet an integral part of every classroom. According to Crane (2000), a study in 1995 indicated technologies in the elementary school were overwhelmingly used for basic skill exercise but were not connected to the ongoing curriculum. The same study noted that in middle and high school, computers, were being used primarily to create documents or to teach computer skill. Now in the 21st century, Charp (2003) reported that the use of technology for students has not only increased in the classroom, but also in homes, libraries, coffee shops and other places throughout our nation's communities. During the years of President Clinton he pledged to wire all school to internet point. Now classrooms are made into research laboratories. Now, students are learning that online resources can help them recognize bias, propaganda, and commercially driven information; to think both concretely and abstractly; to reason and to question. On the World Wide Web, students can learn about endangered species in different Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 12. Information Technology Essay Information technology is a rapidly growing part of today's society. It affects everyone's life in many aspects. Every human endeavor is influenced by information technology and the increasing rate at which what it can perform includes. One area of human endeavor that information technology has greatly influenced is the practice of medicine, specifically veterinary medicine. Not only has veterinary medicine been influenced by information technology, it has also been enhanced by it. The degree to which the practice of veterinary medicine includes information technology is observable at the Animal Emergency Clinic of Central New York on Erie Blvd. in Syracuse, New York. Section I: veterinary medicine. Doctors of veterinary medicine are the...show more content... Working, volunteering and interning are all acceptable ways to gain experience in the field of veterinary medicine. The reason behind schools requiring experience is to ensure that the student knows what they are getting into before they spend thousands of dollars (approx. $20,000/yr.) and at least four years of their life in an extremely intensive academic environment. Many people have an altered idea of what being a vet is about. A lot of physical and emotion endurance is necessary to be a successful veterinarian. Many people are unaware of that. The specific undergraduate course requirements to get into a school of veterinary medicine vary between the schools. All of them are science intensive. Most require a well–rounded education. The University of California at Davis school of veterinary medicine requires one year of general biology, one year of general chemistry, one year of organic chemistry, and one year of physics as far as lower division requirements. Upper division requirements include a semester of biochemistry, a semester of systemic physiology, a semester of vertebrate embryology, and a semester of genetics. On top of that they want their applicants to have taken courses in English composition, humanities, social sciences as well as statistics. Simply taking these courses is not enough, they need to be completed with a GPA above a 2.5. However, the competition has an average GPA of 3.45. The Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 13. Importance Of Information Literacy Essay NAME: AKASH ANAND (USQ) STUDENT: U1104609 Information literacy means to phrase troubles in terms of the information needs and to apply an organized approach to search and produce the information and evaluate the entire process in terms of effectiveness and efficiency. It is true that a learner has a better lifestyle that is adapted in information literacy. Some group of people believes that student should not be depending on information given in each field. Information literacy skill explains that knowledge is important to all disciplines and should make up year by year as student's progress through their study. Students should not only understand the information but they should also need to work hard to make the use of it and they should know about what exact information they needed and what actually they have found. For all the group of people information literacy is important for just knowing different policies and strategies but also to promote human rights and improvement. Information literacy in my field helps such a way to improve skills in finding different sources and make use of that source properly so that the results out of it can be more familiar in writing, listening, speaking and reading of my own subjects effectively. We should work hard and gathered information from online sources. This forms the basis for lifetime education. There are many methods in electrical engineering field such as process understanding and power consuming data in which there is need Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 14. Information Literacy 1. Information Literacy is knowing when information is needed and when to use it in many different formats. You have to be professional, be successfully updated, and keep up with current knowledge today. Look online for information you need, make sure information is reliable, to communicate, use computers such as (operating systems), and know how to back up files. People will have a problem when they don't have the skills and knowledge to be successful at work or school. So with that being said they people will have to keep up with technology and new information to stay ahead of the game. Ask wrong questions, being disorganized, having false information, having old information, finding the wrong information, will wasting your time. 2. Others...show more content... Computer Literacy is basically how a computer works and with skills used to complete assignments if given. Some examples that make up areas of Computer Literacy are software (word), hardware (keyboard, mouse), and internet (how to search for information). To have the knowledge about Computer Literacy you could be at an advantage at work or school. 7. Library Literacy is finding material from books that are in the library. You will be able to find /get information out of resources such as databases, encyclopedias, indexes, catalogs, etc. The librarian will always be there to help you if you have any questions/problems. 8. Media Literacy started in the 21st century in education. It also creates media in different forms such as graphic, audio, the internet, etc. Always remember that print media could be used majority of times because it's sufficient. 9. With Technology Literacy you would have to use technology tools to find/access, and communicate information. Databases, word, spreadsheets, search engines, etc are all examples use for Technology Literacy. Technology is being updated everyday so you would have to stay up to date to keep up with new information. People who doesn't have enough information would end up not being successful because Technology Literacy skills are required in every Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 15. Information Literacy Information literacy is very important in today's world. Information literacy means that a person has the ability to understand when the information is necessary and that the person is able to find and then use that information. To be information literate, a person must be able to do the following: Assess how much information is needed, find that information, assess the information and make sure that its sources are reliable, use that information as intended, and make sure that the information is not used in a way that's unethically or illegal. Information literacy is used very often in one's everyday life. For example, information literacy is very important in the nursing field. When I was in clinical, I would get certain patients to care Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 16. Information Literacy Examples William, I enjoyed how you gave so many real life examples of how we use information literacy everyday. Also I enjoyed how you talked about how we a society that wants answer and information instantly. I believe that this has helped to better our society but has also created the divide in quality of information that so many people have already talked about. We want information, good information, avialable to us right away whenever we want it, but to actually get our hands on credible information some times it can take digging through not so good stuff, which takes time! Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 17. Information Literacy Paper Each display of instruction within and through academic libraries was built on the outline of previous systems: library orientation, bibliographic instruction, and information literacy. For the time period each methodology served, learners were introduced to new concepts, new knowledge, and new skills through which new knowledge was constructed. (Shanbhag, 2006) argued that the current practice of information literacy instruction failed to provide learners with the ability to create new methods and applications for producing knowledge as it was intended, instead, the same processes from decades before have been handed down and repackaged as a different approach. The researcher found that the support for such comments through. (Palmer, 1972) showed three decades earlier that ...show more content... (The Association of College and Research Libraries, 2000) said that integrative thinkers succeed even when instability is the only constant. As the information literacy competencies and standards the 21st century was future in the possibility. Information literacy is a set of abilities requiring individuals to "recognize when information is needed and have the ability to locate, evaluate, and use effectively the needed information." Information literacy also is increasingly important in the contemporary environment of rapid technological change and proliferating information resources. Because of the escalating complexity of this environment, individuals are faced with diverse, abundant information choices––in their academic studies, in the workplace, and in their personal Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 18. Information Security Essay Information security means protecting information and information systems from unauthorized access, use, disclosure, modification or destruction. Since the early days of writing, heads of state and military commanders understood that it was necessary to provide some mechanism to protect the confidentiality of written correspondence and to have some means of detecting tampering. For over twenty years, information security has held confidentiality, integrity and availability as the core principles of information security. Confidentiality is the term used to prevent the disclosure of information to unauthorized individuals or systems. Confidentiality is necessary (but not sufficient) for maintaining the privacy of the people whose personal...show more content... РЎ первых дней РїРёСЃСЊРјР° главы государств Рё военные начальники поняли, что необходимо создать некоторый механизм, чтобы обеспечить конфиденциальность переписки Рё иметь какие–то средства обнаружения несанкционированного доступа. Больше Р ґРІР°РґС†Р°С‚Рё лет конфиденциальность, целостность Рё доступность информации считались основными принципами информационной безопасности. Конфиденциальность – термин, означающий предотвращение разглашеРЅРёСЏ информации неуполномоченными лицами или системами. Конфиденциальность необходима (РЅРѕ РЅРµ достаточна) для сохранения личной информации Рѕ людях, которые есть РІ системе.Р’ информационной безопасности целостность означает, что данные РЅРµ РјРѕРіСѓС‚ быть изменены без разрешеРЅРёСЏ. РљРѕРіРґР° управляющие хотят СѓРјРµРЅСЊС€РёС‚С Њ СЂРёСЃРє, РѕРЅРё выбирают РѕРґРёРЅ или более РёР· трех различных РІРёРґРѕРІ контроля. Административный контроль формирует РѕСЃРЅРѕРІСѓ для ведения бизнеса Рё управления людьми. РћРЅ РіРѕРІРѕСЂРёС‚ людям Рѕ том, как вести бизнес Рё как выполнять повседневные операции. Логический контроль (или технический контроль) использует программное обеспечение Рё данные, чтобы
  • 19. контролировать Рё управлять доступом Рє информации Рё вычислительным системам. Физическое управление контролирует Рё управляет обстановкой РЅР° рабочем месте Рё вычислительными средствами. Важным аспектом информационной безопасности Рё управления СЂРёСЃРєРѕРј является определение ценности информации Рё определение соответствующих процедур Рё требований защиты для информации. РќРµ РІСЃСЏ информация Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 20. Explain The Sources Of Information Literacy The sources used will be cited as per APA to demonstrate information literacy. The main sources of information will be the course textbooks as well as circulars and scholarly articles from a number of resources. Other reliable sources of information will also be used. A suitable approach demonstrating information literacy will be used to explore and analyse the data. Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 21. Information Based Decision Making Essay | Information based decision making| Unit 5002V1| | | 4/1/2015| Task 1 (600–700 words): A.C.1.1 – Examine the nature of data and information Data comprises of factual information. Data are the facts from which information is derived. Data is not necessarily informative on its own but needs to be structured, interpreted, analysed and contextualised. Once data undergoes this process, it transforms in to information. Information should be accessible and understood by the reader without needing to be interpreted or manipulated in any way. Knowledge is the framework for understanding information and using it to inform judgements, opinions, predictions and decisions – a pyramidal relationship (See diagram 1) Diagram...show more content... Therefore, I prefer circular model (Diagram 2) of the relationship as knowledge can influence what data is collected thus generating information to enhance knowledge that in turn can generate more data. There are different types of data and information. These are examined in Table 1: Type of data| Definition| Pros| Cons| Qualitative data/ information| A rich and detailed method to capture how and why people behave in certain ways and the impact of these processes on behaviour. | Captures participant's lived experiences.Allows a deeper understanding of a topic.Smaller sample sizes so less expensive to do.Takes researcher bias in to account – an ethical strengthCan help to provide new ideas to shape a service for people.| Smaller sample sizes, so less generalizable to larger populations.Not possible to create statistics – which can help to shape and plan service effectiveness and deliveryTime consumingDifficult to make comparisons within the sample.Poor re–test reliabilityResults vulnerable to researcher bias and experience.| Quantitative data/ information| Analysis of numerical data to explain outcome, prevalence, frequency, time, cost.| Based on explicit knowledge and this can be easy and fast to capture and analyse.Results can be generalised to larger populationsCan be repeated – therefore good test re–test reliability and validityStatistical analyses and interpretation are Get more content on HelpWriting.net