2. DEFINITION
Organizational behavior modification, or ob mod is the
application of reinforcement theory to people in
organizational settings.

3. HISTORY OF OB MODIFICATION
IVAN PETROVICH
PAVLOV

5. THE LEARNING THEORY OF
MOTIVATION
LEARNING THEORY
THEORY OF SOCIAL
LEARNING
OPERANT
CONDITIONING OR
REINFORCEMENT
THEORY

6. THE REINFORCEMENT THEORY
The theory suggests that that behavior is a function of its
consequences.
The behavior that results into pleasant consequences is
more likely to be repeated and a behavior that results into
unpleasant consequences is less likely to be repeated

7. CASUAL
BEHAVIOR
THE ANGRY BOSS EXAMPLE

8. FORMAL
BEHAVIOR

9. TYPES OF REINFORCEMENTS
REINFORCEMENT
POSITIVE
REINFORCEMENT
NEGATIVE
REINFORCEMENT
PUNISHMENT EXTINCTION

11. Positive reinforcement is a reward or other desirable
consequence that follows a particular behaviour or activity.
Its used to increase the frequency of action or behaviour.

13. Negative reinforcement is a means of increasing a desired
behavior by eliminating a undesired or an unpleasant
consequence

14. PUNISHMENT
Punishment is a means of reducing a
desired behavior by introducing a
potentially undesirable consequence. For
e.g. salary cuts, termination, loss of
privileges and layoffs.

15. EXTINCTION
Extinction decreases the frequency of
behavior, specially the ones which
might be previously rewarded. If
rewards are withdrawn, the frequency
of occurrence of behavior is most likely
to reduce.

17. SCHEDULES OF
REINFORCEMENT
INTERMITTENT
REINFORCEMENT
FIXED INTERVAL
VARIABLE
INTERVAL
FIXED RATIO VARIABLE RATIO
CONTINIOUS
REINFORCEMENT

19. STEPS INVOLVED IN OB
MODIFICATION

21. STEP 1. IDENTIFYING TARGET BEHAVIOR
In this, you
basically choose
the performance
related behavior
that would hold
the potential to
bring about
change in the
results.

22. STEP 2. ESTABLISH BASELINE FOR TARGET BEHAVIOR

23. STEP 3. ANALYZE ANTECEDENTS AND CONSEQUENCES
OF BEHAVIOR

24. STEP 4. INTERVENE WITH REINFORCEMENT
The goal in this step is to
reinforce the desired
behavior and extinguish
any other behavioral
patterns or activities that
interfere with it.

25. POSITIVE
REINFORCEMENT
• Getting rs.100 on
the day I surf for an
hour.
NEGATIVE
REINFORCEMENT
• Exemption from
cleaning my room
every time I surf for
one hour and not
two.
PUNISHMENT
• Cleaning all the
rooms of my house
every time I surf for
2 hours. (god, I'd be
horrified of that)

26. STEP 5. EVALUATE THE INTERVENTION TOO SEE IF IT
CHANGED THE BEHAVIOR OR NOT.
At the end of
intervention , evaluate
your progress using the
data collected and
answer the question “did
the intervention lead to
performance
improvement in
observable and
quantifiable terms?”

27. THE EFFECTIVENESS OF OB
MODIFICATION

28. THE SUCCESS STORIES.

30. FAILURES.