Wednesday, October 13, 2010 Jeffrey Sachs Director, Columbia University Earth Institute “Ending Poverty in Our Generation: Still Time if We Try” Ending extreme poverty is not a dream but a practical possibility. Improvements in science, technology, and global networks make possible advances in wellbeing at unprecedented rates. Yet a high degree of social organization is needed for success. Sachs will sketch the main contours of an effective global effort against poverty, hunger, and disease to the year 2025. Sponsored by the Rockefeller Center for Public Policy at Dartmouth College http://rockefeller.dartmouth.edu

1. Ending Poverty In Our Generation: Still Time if We Try Prof. Jeffrey D. Sachs Director of the Earth Institute at Columbia University Rockefeller Center for Public Policy and Civic Leadership Dartmouth College October 13, 2010

5. A Parable of a Millennium Village Subsistence is $300 per person Initial Income (Output) is $200 per person (“sub-subsistence”) Saving is zero when income is below subsistence ($300) Saving is 50% of net income above subsistence ($300) Improved inputs (fertilizer-seed) raise net income by $2.50 for each $1 of input up to a maximum of $250 of inputs All saving is devoted to agriculture inputs up to $250 All saving beyond $250 is devoted to capital improvements with marginal productivity of 0.3

6. Three Scenarios: No Official Development Assistance (ODA): Poverty Trap Two-Year ODA for inputs: Temporary boost to income, not sustainable Four-Year ODA for inputs: Boost to income is sustainable After four years, the household has built up income sufficiently to self-finance inputs on an ongoing basis

7. ODA Levels in Three Scenarios

8. Income Levels in Three Scenarios

9. Household Saving in the Three Scenarios

10. Input Use: Sustainable Input Use with Four-Year Input Subsidies

12. Africa is a big and diverse continent!

17. FUNDING STRUCTURE Source: Earth Institute, Millennium Promise Donors Partner organizations (e.g. NGOs, corporate) Local and National Governments Village members $60 $20 $30 $10 Village costs per person per yr US dollars

18. Outcomes in Sauri, Kenya Comparison of 2005 and 2009

19. Harvests of Development, 2010, www.millenniumvillages.org

24. Mwandama, Malawi

25. Sauri, Kenya

26. Sauri, Kenya

27. Mayange, Rwanda

28. Bonsaaso, Ghana

31. Note that 7 million of the 8.8 million deaths occurred in Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia

32. The Lift-Off Since 2000 in Global Financing for Health (yet still only one-third of recommended levels) Source: OECD Development Assistance Committee

34. Some Choices for America

38. Towards a Global Ethic

40. “ So let us not be blind to our differences, but let us also direct attention to our common interests and the means by which those differences can be resolved. And if we cannot end now our differences, at least we can help make the world safe for diversity. For in the final analysis, our most basic common link is that we all inhabit this small planet. We all breathe the same air. We all cherish our children's futures. And we are all mortal.” John F. Kennedy American University June 10, 1963