Research education for networks

2. Outlines
 Wireless TCL script
 How to build wireless scenarios
 Mobility and traffic (setdest & cbrgen.tcl)
 DSR trace file
 Using AWK for calculating
 Routing overhead
 PDR( Packet Delivery Ratio)

3. Wireless TCL Script (1/3)
 Mobile node parameters
 Channel type (Channel/WirelessChannel)
 Propagation model (Propagation/TwoRayGround)
 Interface type (Phy/WirelessPhy)
 MAC layer protocol (Mac/802_11)
 Routing protocol (DSR)
 Interface Queue type (CMUPriQueue - for DSR)
 Interface Queue Length (50)
 Antenna type (Antenna/OmniAntenna)
 LL type (LL)
 Read chapter 16 in ns-documentation
 Use wireless.tcl example in tclex folder

4. Wireless TCL Script (2/3)
# unity gain, omni-directional antennas
# set up the antennas to be centered in the node
and 1.5 meters above it
Antenna/OmniAntenna set X_ 0
Antenna/OmniAntenna set Y_ 0
Antenna/OmniAntenna set Z_ 1.5
Antenna/OmniAntenna set Gt_ 1.0
Antenna/OmniAntenna set Gr_ 1.0

5. Wireless TCL Script(3/3)
 How to reduce the trace output file size
set AgentTrace ON
set RouterTrace ON
set MacTrace ON
 Generating data traffic and mobility scenarios
set val(cp) "../mobility/scene/cbr-3-test"
set val(sc) "../mobility/scene/scen-3-test"

6. Wireless Scenario (Mobility)
 Provide initial (X,Y, for now Z=0) co-ordinates for mobile
nodes
$node_(0) set X_ 5.0
$node_(0) set Y_ 2.0
$node_(0) set Z_ 0.0
$node_(1) set X_ 390.0
$node_(1) set Y_ 385.0
$node_(1) set Z_ 0.0
 Now produce some simple node movements
# Node_(1) starts to move towards node_(0)
$ns_ at 50.0 "$node_(1) setdest 25.0 20.0 0.0"
$ns_ at 10.0 "$node_(0) setdest 20.0 18.0 0.0"
# Node_(1) then starts to move away from node_(0)
$ns_ at 100.0 "$node_(1) setdest 490.0 480.0 0.0"

7. Wireless scenario ( Traffic)
# Setup traffic flow between nodes
# TCP connections between node_(0) and node_(1)
set tcp [new Agent/TCP]
$tcp set class_ 2
set sink [new Agent/TCPSink]
$ns_ attach-agent $node_(0) $tcp
$ns_ attach-agent $node_(1) $sink
$ns_ connect $tcp $sink
set ftp [new Application/FTP]
$ftp attach-agent $tcp
$ns_ at 10.0 "$ftp start"

8. Setdet
 A script has been provided which generates these
movements automatically in a separate file
 To generate this, use the setdest script present in
ns/indep-utils/cmu-scen-gen/ directory.
 Examples:
 setdest -v 1 -n 20 -p 2.0 -M 10.0 -t 200 -x 500 -y 500 > scen-20_v1.tcl
 setdest -v 2 -n 20 -s 1 -m 1 -M 10.0 -t 200 -P 1 -p 2.0 -x 500 -y 500 >
scen-20_v2.tcl

9. Cbrgen.tcl
 Generates traffic automatically in a separate file
 script present in ns/indep-utils/cmu-scen-gen/
directory
ns cbrgen.tcl [-type cbr|tcp] [-nn nodes] [-seed
seed] [-mc connections][-rate rate] >output.tcl
 Example:
 ns cbrgen.tcl –type cbr –nn 50 –seed 1 –mc 10 –
rate 4 > cbr-50-10-4

10. A Typical DSR trace format
(1/3)
 s 606.210364161 _39_ RTR --- 1306 DSR 44 [13a a 27 800] ------- [39:255 8:255 255 8] 2 [0 0] [0 0
0 0->0] [1 1 8 39->10]
 s: means send
606.210364161: time stamp
_39_: node id
RTR: means router message
1306: uid of this packet
DSR: DSR agent
44: size in the common header hdr_cmn()
 [13a a 27 800] MAC detail: 13a: means the expected transmission time ( note
that packet size is large, 44 bytes, 314second?)
a: means the receiving node: 10
27: means the sending node is 39
800: IP header: 0x0800, (ETHERTYPE_ARP is
0x0806)

11. DSR Trace Format (2/3)
 [39:255 8:255 255 8] IP detail: src address: IP 39 means 0.0.0.39
port 255
dst address: IP 8 means 0.0.0.8
port 255
TTL: 255
Next-hop: 8
 TTL (time to live ) you can use it to know the
number of hops

12. DSR Trace Format (3/3)
 2 [0 0] [0 0 0 0->0] [1 1 8 39->10] DSR detail:
 2: num_addrs()
 [0 0] route-request option, this is not a route
request, the second 0 is labeled for sequence
number
 [0 0 0 0->0] route-reply option: [ " route-reply?"
"Rreq seqno" "reply length" "dst of src route", "src
of the src route"]
 [1 1 8 39->10], 1: shows this is a route error
1: number of route errors
8: tp notify node 8.
39->10: link 39-10 is broken

13. Calculating Routing Overhead &
PDR
 Routing overhead =
 sum of routing packets / sum of data packets
 PDR = Packet Delivery Ratio
 PDR =
 sum of packets sent/ sum of successfully received
packets
 How to extract the number of
 Routing packets
 $cat out.tr |grep "^s.*MAC.*DSR" | wc –l
 Data packets
 $cat out.tr |grep "^s.*MAC.*cbr" | wc –l

14. Routing Overhead (AWK code)
 BEGIN {dsrpktno = 0; dsrbyte = 0; cbrpktno =
0; cbrbyte = 0; }
{
$1~/s/ && /DSR/ && /MAC/ { dsrpktno ++ ;
dsrbyte+=$8 ;}
$1~/s/ && /cbr/ && /MAC/ { cbrpktno ++ ;
cbrbyte+=$8; }
}
END { print ( dsrpktno/cbrpktno, dsrbyte
/cbrbyte) }

15. PDR (AWK code)
 BEGIN {Scbr=0; Rcbr=0; }
{
$1~/s/ && /cbr/ && /AGT/ { Scbr ++ ;}
$1~/r/ && /cbr/ && /AGT/ { Rcbr++ ;}
}
END { print ( “PDR=“,Scbr/Rcbr) }

16. References
 http://www.winlab.rutgers.edu/%7Ezhibinwu/html/dsr_trace_anlysis.html
 http://www.winlab.rutgers.edu/~zhibinwu/html/network_simulator_2.html
 http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns/ns-documentation.html