1. Enzymes In Industry
Biology Essay
By: Rolla Tyas Amalia- 11 Science
We have been using enzymes for thousands of years to make
various drinks and things to eat, such as cheese, yoghurt, bread, beer, and
wine. It’s also been used in textile industry. Jokichi Takamine was the first
person to manufacture an enzyme from a microbial source when he
manufactured taka-diastase from Aspergillus as a digestive enzyme in
1894. Enzymes are proteins with highly specialized catalytic functions,
produced by all living organisms. Enzymes are responsible for many
essential biochemical reactions in microorganisms, plants, animals, and
human beings. They are essential for all metabolic processes and
composed of amino acids, they differ in function in that they have the
ability to facilitate biochemical reactions without undergoing change
themselves.
The source of industrial enzymes is plant or animal tissues and
microbes. These days, manufacture of enzymes
using microbes is mainly employed for the reason
of efficiency and economy. The common method
in industry to make product using enzyme is
fermentation. Human use the fermentation
reaction to make all alcoholic drinks. However,
stronger drinks, such as whisky or vodka, have to
be distilled after fermentation to increase the
concentration of the
ethanol in the
fermented mixture. This is because the ethanol
poisons the enzyme and stops it working when
its concentration builds up. We also use
fermentation in bakeries to make bread rise. When you make bread, the

2. ingredients are usually flour, salt, yeast, sugar, and water. When these
have been mixed together they form the dough that will be baked to make
the bread. Enzymes not only use in food industry, it’s also use as
ingredients of detergents, reagents for analysis of drugs or blood
components, fiber processing use or pulp processing in the paper industry,
and environmental purification use.