2. TOPICS
Modern Safety and Health Teams
Safety and Health Manager
Engineers and Safety
Industrial Hygienist
Health Physicist
Occupational Physician
Occupational Health Nurse
Risk Manager
Certification of Safety and Health Professionals
Emerging Role of Safety Professionals
3. Modern Safety and Health Teams
stress
explosives
laws,
standards and
codes
radiation
AIDS
product safety
and liability
ergonomics
ethics
automation
workers’
compensation
And many
others.
Issues that
concern modern safety and
health managers
4. Modern Safety and Health Teams
Safety and
Health Manager
Safety
Engineer
Environmental
Engineer
Industrial
Hygienist
Health
Physicist
Occupational
Health Nurse
Occupational
Physician
5. Safety and Health Manager
•The most important member of the
safety and health team
•Position in the company’s hierarchy
indicates company’s commitment and
priorities job is complex and diverse
Role:
full-time or are in addition to other
duties
Line or staff authority
6. Difference between line and staff
position
Line authority - the safety
and health manager has
authority over and
supervises certain employees
[other safety and health
personnel].
Staff authority - the safety and
health manager is the staff
person responsible for a
certain function, but he or she
has no line authority over
others involved with that
function.
7. Problems in attempting to implement
programs
• Lack of commitment: Safety and health
professional should be prepared to confront a
less than wholehearted commitment from top
management in some companies.
• Production versus safety: At times, a safety or
health measure will be viewed by some as
interfering with productivity.
8. Use competitiveness to gain
commitment to safety and health
• The way to gain company wide commitment to
safety and health is to convey the message that a
safe and healthy workplace is the best way to
improve productivity, cost, quality, image, service,
and response time.
• [The way not to gain a company wide commitment to
safety and health is to quote government regulations
as a reason.]
9. College majors that can lead to a careers as
a safety and health manager
• Universities, colleges, and community colleges across
the country have responded to the need for formal
education for safety and health managers as well as
other safety and health personnel.
Associate degrees
• Industrial safety
• Occupational safety
• Environmental technology
• Safety and health
management
• Industrial hygiene
Baccalaureate degrees
• Industrial safety and
health
• Occupational safety
management
• Industrial hygiene
10. Helpful Agencies for Safety and Health
Managers
•
•
•
•
Certification Boards
Professional Societies
Scientific Standards and Testing Organizations
Trade Associations
11. ENGINEERS and SAFETY
ENGINEERS
• can make a significant
contribution to safety
• correspondingly, they can
cause, inadvertently or
through incompetence,
accidents that result in
serious injury and
property damage.
14. DESIGN PROCESS
The design process is a plan of action
for reaching a goal. The plan,
sometimes labeled problem-solving
strategy, is used by engineers,
designers, drafters, scientists,
technologists, and a multitude of
professionals.
-Professor William S. Chalk
15. DESIGN PROCESS
PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION
• This involves gathering information, considering constraints,
reviewing specifications, and combining all of these into a clear
and concise description of the problem
SYNTHESIS
• combine or synthesize systematic, scientific procedures with
creative techniques to develop initial solutions to the problem
identified in Step 1
ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION
• All potential solutions developed in the previous step are
subjected to scientific analysis and careful evaluation
DOCUMENT AND
COMMUNICATE
• Engineering drawings, detailed calculations, and written
specifications are prepared. It is common to revise the design at
this point based on feedback from different reviewers
PRODUCE AND DELIVER
• Shop or detail drawings are developed, and the design is
produced, usually as a prototype. The product is then produced
and delivered.
16. Modern Safety and Health Teams
Safety and
Health Manager
Safety
Engineer
Environmental
Engineer
Industrial
Hygienist
Health
Physicist
Occupational
Health Nurse
Occupational
Physician
17. SAFETY ENGINEER
• person responsible for the
traditional aspects of the safety
program, such as preventing
mechanical injuries; falls, impact,
and acceleration injuries; heat and
temperature injuries; electrical
accidents; fire-related accidents;
and so on
18. SAFETY ENGINEER
•
•
•
•
•
•
Persons with academic credentials in areas
other than engineering degrees should be
encouraged to seek such positions. These
other educational disciplines include:
industrial technology
industrial engineering technology
manufacturing technology
engineering technology
industrial management
industrial safety technology
19. INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERS and SAFETY
Industrial engineers are most likely to
work as safety engineers.
– knowledge of industrial systems can
make them valuable members of a
design team, particularly one that
designs industrial systems and
technologies.
– helping design job and plant layouts
for both efficiency and safety.
20. ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERS
and SAFETY
• Environmental engineering science
is a relatively new field in which the
application of scientific and
engineering principles is used to
protect and preserve human health
and well being of the environment.
21. ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERS
and SAFETY
It embraces the broad field of the general
environment including:
Air &Water
Quality
Solid and
Hazardous
Wastes
Environmental
biology and
chemistry
Water
Resources and
Management
Systems
ecology
Radiological
Health
Water &
waste-water
treatment
22. CHEMICAL ENGINEERS
and SAFETY
• Increasingly, industrial
companies are seeking
chemical engineers to fill the
industrial hygiene role on the
safety and health team.
• Modern chemical engineers,
who are also called process
engineers, are concerned with
all the physical and chemical
changes of matter to produce a
product economically or result
that is useful to mankind.
23. CHEMICAL ENGINEERS
and SAFETY
• Such a broad background has made the chemical
engineer extremely versatile and capable of working
in a wide variety of industries:
Chemical
Petroleum
Aerospace
Nuclear
Materials
Microelectr
onics
Sanitation
Food
Processing
Computer
Technology
24. INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE
“science and art devoted to the
recognition, evaluation, and
control of those environmental
factors or stresses, arising in
and from the workplace, which
may cause sickness, impaired
health and well-being, or
significant discomfort and
inefficiency among workers or
among citizens of the
community.”
- American Industrial Hygiene
Association (AIHA)
25. INDUSTRIAL HYGIENIST
• A person having a college or university
degree or degrees in engineering,
chemistry, physics, medicine, or related
physical and biological sciences who, by
virtue of special studies and training,
has acquired competence in industrial
hygiene
26. INDUSTRIAL HYGIENIST
• are primarily concerned
about the following types of
hazards:
-solvents, particulates, noise,
dermatoses, radiation,
temperature, ergonomics,
toxic substances, biological
substances, ventilation, gas,
and vapors
27. INDUSTRIAL HYGIENIST
The National Safety Council (NSC): Such special studies
and training must have been sufficient in all of the above
cognate sciences to provide the abilities:
(a) to recognize environmental factors and to understand their
effect on humans and their well-being;
(b) to evaluate, on the basis of experience and with the aid of
quantitative measurement techniques, the magnitude of these
stresses in terms of ability to impair human health and well-being
(c) to prescribe methods to eliminate, control, or reduce such
stresses when necessary to alleviate their effects.
28. HEALTH PHYSICIST
are concerned primarily with radiation in the
workplace. Consequently, they are employed by
companies that generate or use nuclear power. Their
primary duties include the following
monitoring radiation inside
and outside the facility
measuring the
radioactivity levels of
biological samples
developing the radiation
components of the
company’s emergency
action plan
supervising the
decontamination of
workers and the workplace
when necessary
29. OCCUPATIONAL PHYSICIAN
•
•
•
•
•
•
Occupational physicians are fully degreed and licensed medical
doctors. In addition, they must have completed postgraduate work
in the following areas of safety like:
biostatistics and epidemiology
industrial toxicology
work physiology
radiation (ionizing and nonionizing)
noise and hearing conservation
and others
30. OCCUPATIONAL PHYSICIAN
• Alice Hamilton, MD
-The first leading occupational
physician in the United States.
According to the NSC, in 1910 Dr.
Hamilton became managing director
of the Illinois Occupational Disease
Commission in the United States.
•Bernardino Ramazzini
- widely thought of as being the first
occupational physician. This is primarily as
a result of his study of the work-related
problems of workers in Modena, Italy, and
a subsequent book he authored titled The
Diseases of Workers (1700).
31. OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH NURSE
• is the application of nursing principles in
conserving the health of workers in all
occupations.
• It involves prevention, recognition, and
treatment of illness and injury, and
requires special skills and knowledge
in the areas of health education and
counselling, environmental health,
rehabilitation, and human relations
-
American Association of Occupational Health
Nurses (AAOHN)
32. RISK MANAGER
Risk is defined as a specific
contingency or peril.
Because the situations that
put organizations at risk
can be so expensive when
they do occur, many
organizations employ risk
manager
33. RISK MANAGER
Risk management consists of the
various activities and strategies that
an organization can use to protect
itself from situations, circumstances,
or events that may undermine its
security.
You are yourself, a risk manager.
34. MANAGING RISK
REDUCTION
-Risk managers work closely with safety and
health personnel to reduce the risk of accidents
and injuries on the job
TRANSFERENCE
-work closely with insurance companies to achieve
the most effective transference possible
35. Certification of Safety and Health
Professionals
• Many occupations, both in and out of
government service, recognize education and
experience through professional certifications.
• Professional Certification is an excellent way
to establish credentials in the safety, health
and environmental profession.
36. Most Highly Pursued Certifications
Certified Safety
Professional
• Awarded by Board
of Certified Safety
Professionals
Certified Professional
Ergonomist
• Awarded by Board
of Certification in
Professional
Ergonomics
Certified Industrial
Hygienist
• Awarded by
American Board of
Industrial Hygiene
Certified
Occupational Health
Nurse
• Awarded by the
American Board for
Occupational
Health Nurse
37. How to qualify for CSP title?
Apply to the BSCP
Meet an academic
requirement
Meet a professional
safety experience
requirement
Pass the Safety
Fundamentals
Examination
Pass the
Comprehensive
Practice Examination
• Associate degree in safety and health or
Bachelor’s degree in any field
• 4 years of professional safety experience in
addition to any experience used to meet
academic requirements
• Basic knowledge appropriate to
professional safety practice
38. How to qualify for CIH title?
Certification
Process
• Technical knowledge
• Professional Reference
Questionnaire
Certification
Maintenance
• Accumulation of 40 points
required every 5 years gathered
for active practice, technical
committee work, publications,
meetings, teachings, etc.
39. How to qualify for CPE?
Academic requirements
Work experience
Work product
• MS or equivalent, in one of the correlative
fields of ergonomics, such as biomechanics,
human factors/ergonomics, industrial
engineering, industrial hygiene, kinesiology,
psychology, or systems engineering
• 4 years of ergonomic work experience
• technical reports, design papers, analysis
reports, evaluation reports, patent
applications, or thorough written description
of the project
40. How to qualify for OHN?
Academic requirements
Work experience
• Registered nurses holding bachelor’s degree,
associate degree or higher
• 4000 or more hours of work experience in
occupational health
• 50 or more contact hours of continuing
education completed during last 5 years
41. Emerging Role of Safety Professional
Core Duty: prevention of events that
cause harm to people, property
and environment
The skills needed to fulfill this duty
are changing.
42. Opportunities
• Safety is one business function that
allows an organization to demonstrate
genuine concern for the well-being of
the individual and give life to the
ethics that are becoming more
important to employee satisfaction.
• Safety professionals position
themselves as consultants to the
organization and trusted advisors to
the line organization and its leaders.
43. Threats
-Independently deciding resources that
are unavailable
- adding layers of complexities
-insertion of disciplinary actions
-failure to investigate to analyze new
incentives and approaches
