Software Developer Training

Software Developer TrainingSoftware Developer Training
●
UML diagramUML diagram
●
C#C#
●
.net standard library.net standard library
●
LinqLinq
●
DatabaseDatabase
●
NHibernate ORMNHibernate ORM
●
ASP.NET MVCASP.NET MVC
●
Javascript, jQuery, jQueryUI, jqGridJavascript, jQuery, jQueryUI, jqGrid
●
CssCss
●
GISGIS
●
Google Maps APIGoogle Maps API
●
Task Parallel LibraryTask Parallel Library
●
SubversionSubversion

UML DiagramUML Diagram
● Use case diagram
● Class diagram
● Sequence diagram

Use case diagramUse case diagram
● Actors
● Use cases
● Associations
– Include
– Extend

Class diagramClass diagram
● Class
● Members
– Visibility eg. Public private protected
● Relationships
– Association
● Aggreation, Composition
● Generalization
● Multiplicity
0..1, 1, 0..* or *, 1..*

Sequence diagramSequence diagram
● interaction diagram that shows how
processes operate with one another and in
what order

C#C#
● Variables and Types
● Operators
● Control Statements
● Namespace
● Class
● Method
● Properties
● Structs
● Interface
● Enum
● Generic
● Events
● Attribute
// Hello1.cs
using System;
public class Hello1
{
public static void Main()
{
System.Console.WriteLine("Hello, World!");
}
}
// Hello1.cs
using System;
public class Hello1
{
public static void Main()
{
System.Console.WriteLine("Hello, World!");
}
}

Variable and TypesVariable and Types
● Integral Types
– Sbyte, byte, short, ushort, int, uint, long, ulong, char
● Floating Point and Decimal Types
– Float, double, decimal
● String Type
– Escape Sequences, verbatim string literals
● Array Type
– Multidimesional Arrays
– Jagged Arrays

Control statementsControl statements
● If, if...else, if...else if
● Switch
● While
● Do..while
● For
● Foreach
● Continue, break
if(...)
{
}
else if(...)
{
}
else
{
}
Switch(...)
{
Case 1:
Break;
Case 2:
Break;
Default:
}
for(var i=0; i<10; i++)
{
if(I%2==0) continue;
...
}

NamespaceNamespace
● The namespace keyword is used to declare a scope. This
namespace scope lets you organize code and gives you a
way to create globally unique types.
using System.Data;
namespace NavTECH.Data
{
class String
{
.....
}
}

ClassClass
● Class
● Static class
● Abstract class
● Generic class
● Nested class
● Partial class
class Aaa
{
public Aaa()
{
...
}
}
public static class Bbb
{
static Bbb()
{
}
}
abstract class Ccc
{
}
class ddd : Ccc
{
}
class Eee<T>
{
}

Class members
● Fields – readonly field
● Constants
● Properties, Indexer
● Methods
● Constructor – static constructor
● Events
● Operator
● Destructors
● Nested Types

MethodMethod
● Return type → void, int, string, object, array[]
● Parameters → ref, out, optional
● Static method
● Abstract method
● Virtual, Override
● Generic method
● Extension method
public void DoWork()
{
}
public string DoWork2(int num)
{
…
Return str;
}
public static DoWork3(ref int num2) { }
public abstract DoWork4(out float num3);
public virtual void DoWork5(int num1, int num2 = 0)
{
}

PropertiesProperties
● Get
● Set
● Indexer
public int total
{
get { return price * qty; }
}
Public string FullName
{
get { return firstname + lastname };
set
{
var strings = value.split(' ');
firstname = strings[0];
lastname = strings[1];
}
}

StructsStructs
● useful for small data structures
● No null! use with Nullable types
public struct RGB
{
public int red;
public int Green;
public int blue;
}

InterfaceInterface
● An interface contains only the signatures of methods,
delegates or events.
public interface IStatus
{
char Status { get; set; }
bool Equal(IStatus other);
}

Casting and Type Conversions
● Implicit Conversions
● Explicit Conversions
● Is, as, typeof

GenericGeneric
● Use generic types to maximize code reuse, type safety,
and performance.
● The most common use of generics is to create collection
classes.
public class Stack<T>public class Stack<T>
{{
T[] m_Items;T[] m_Items;
public void Push(T item)public void Push(T item)
{...}{...}
public T Pop()public T Pop()
{...}{...}
}}
Stack<int> stack = new Stack<int>();Stack<int> stack = new Stack<int>();
stack.Push(1);stack.Push(1);
stack.Push(2);stack.Push(2);
int number = stack.Pop();int number = stack.Pop();

EnumEnum
● An enumeration type (also named an enumeration or
an enum) provides an efficient way to define a set of
named integral constants that may be assigned to a
variable
enum Days {Sat, Sun, Mon, Tue, Wed, Thu, Fri};enum Days {Sat, Sun, Mon, Tue, Wed, Thu, Fri};
enum Days {Sat=1, Sun, Mon, Tue, Wed, Thu, Fri};enum Days {Sat=1, Sun, Mon, Tue, Wed, Thu, Fri};

Delegates & EventsDelegates & Events
● Delegate
public delegate int Calculate (int value1, int value2);
public delegate void ChangedEventHandler();
● Event
public event ChangedEventHandler Changed;
public event EventHandler<EventArgs> Changed;
● Subscribe
publisher.Changed += HandleChangedEvent;
● Unsubscribing
publisher.Changed -= HandleChangedEvent;
void HandleCustomEvent(object sender, CustomEventArgs a)
{
// Do something useful here.
}

AttributeAttribute
● Attributes provide a powerful method of associating
declarative information with C# code (types, methods,
properties, and so forth). Once associated with a program
entity, the attribute can be queried at run time using a
technique called Reflection.
● [DebuggerDisplay("FirstName={FirstName}, LastName={LastName}")]
● [Serializable]
● [Authorize(Roles = "Administrator, Support")]
● [SessionState(SessionStateBehavior.Disabled)]

Exception and Exception Handling
● try { … }
● catch(Exception e) { … }
● throw new Exception();
● finally { … }
● e.g. NullReferenceException, ArgumentException,
ArgumentNullException,
ArgumentOutOfRangeException, FormatException,
IndexOutOfRangeException, NotSupportedException,
OutOfMemoryException, StackOverflowException

.net standard library.net standard library
● System.Collections.Generic
– List<T>, LinkedList<T>, Queue<T>, Stack<T>,
Dictionary<TKey, Tvalue>, SortedDictionary<TKey, TValue>,
SortedList<TKey, TValue>
● System.String
– IsNullOrEmpty, IsNullOrWhitespace, Trim, Format, Split,
ToLower
● System.DateTime
– Date, Day, Hour, Minute, Second, Now
● System.TimeSpan
– Add, Subtract, Days, Hours, Minutes, Seconds, TotalDays,
TotalHours, TotalMinutes, TotalSeconds

DatabaseDatabase
● DBMS (Database Management System)
● Relations(Table) → Tuples(Row) → Attributes(Column)
● Keys → Primary keyPrimary key, Secondary key, Candidate key, SurrogateSurrogate
key,key, Composite key, Super key, Foreign keyForeign key
● Normalization → 1NF, 2NF, 3NF, BCNF, 4NF, 5NF
● Algebra of sets → Relational algebra → SQL
● Query, View, CTE Query
● Transaction
● Index
● Collation

Relational database theoryRelational database theory
● Functional dependency (FD)
● Transitive dependency
● Super key
● Candidate key

Functional DependencyFunctional Dependency
StudentID Semester Lecture TA
1234 6 Numerical Methods John
2380 4 Numerical Methods Peter
1234 6 Visual Computing Ahmed
1201 4 Numerical Methods Peter
1201 4 Physics II Simone
● StudentID → Semester.
● {StudentID, Lecture} → TA
● {StudentID, Lecture} → {TA, Semester}
● {StudentID, Lecture} is a superkey of the relation.

Transitive dependencyTransitive dependency
{Book} → {Author}
{Author} does not → {Book}
{Author} → {Author Nationality}
Therefore {Book} → {Author Nationality} is a transitive dependency.

SuperkeySuperkey
● A superkey is a set of attributes within a table whose values can be used
to uniquely identify a tuple.
{Monarch Name, Monarch Number} (Candidate Key)
{Monarch Name, Monarch Number, Royal House} (trivial superkey)

● Non-prime attribute
– A non-prime attribute is an attribute that does not occur
in any candidate key. Employee Address would be a non-
prime attribute in the "Employees' Skills" table.
● Prime attribute
– A prime attribute, conversely, is an attribute that does
occur in some candidate key.

First normal form (1NF)First normal form (1NF)
● First normal form (1NF) is a property of a relation in a relational database. A relation
is in first normal form if the domain of each attribute contains only atomic
values, and the value of each attribute contains only a single value from that
domain.
{Customer ID} → {FirstName, Surname}
{Telephone Number} → {Customer ID}

Second normal form (2NF)Second normal form (2NF)
● A table is in 2NF if and only if it is in 1NF and every non-prime attribute of the
table is dependent on the whole of a candidate key.
{Employee} → {Current Work Location}
{Employee, Skill}

Third normal form (3NF)Third normal form (3NF)
● The relation R (table) is in second normal form (2NF)
● Every non-prime attribute of R is non-transitively dependent (i.e. directly
dependent) on every superkey of R.
{Tournament, Year} → {Winner}
{Winner} → {Date of Birth}
{Tournament, Year} → {Winner} → {Winner Date of Birth}

Boyce–Codd normal form (or BCNFBoyce–Codd normal form (or BCNF
or 3.5NF)or 3.5NF)
● Every non-trivial functional dependency in the table is a dependency on a superkey
{Rate Type} → {Court}
{Rate Type, StartTime} → {End Time}
{Rate Type, EndTime} → {Start TIme}
{Court, Start Time}
{Court, End Time}
{Rate Type, Start Time}
{Rate Type, End Time}
{Court, Start Time, End Time}
{Rate Type, Start Time, End Time}
{Court, Rate Type, Start Time}
{Court, Rate Type, End Time}

Fourth normal form (4NF)Fourth normal form (4NF)

SQL ElementSQL Element
● Clauses
● Expressions
● Predicates
● Queries
● Statements

SQL operatorsSQL operators
● = Equal
● <> or != Not equal
● > Greater than
● < Less than
● >= Greater than or equal
● <= Less than or equal
● BETWEEN Between an inclusive range
● LIKE Search for a pattern
● IN To specify multiple possible values for a column

Data query
● Select – as, subquery
● From – join, subquery
● Where – In, Exists, subquery
● Group by
● Having
● Order by - asc, desc, null first, null last
● Offset, Limit

Aggregate Functions
● Count
● Max, Min, Avg, Sum
● First, Last

Data manipulationData manipulation
● Insert
insert into tbl(col1, col2) values(...)
insert into tbl(col1, col2) select … from … where ...
● Update
update tbl set col1 = val1, col2 = val2 where col3 = val3
● Delete
delete from tbl where col1 = val1
● Merge (Upsert)

Data definitionData definition
● Create
– Create table, create index
● Drop
– Drop table, drop index
● Alter
– Alter table, alter index

ConstraintConstraint
● Not null
● Unique
● Primary key – auto increment
● Foreign key
CONSTRAINT fk_PerOrders FOREIGN KEY (P_Id) REFERENCES
Persons(P_Id)
● Check
● Default

ACID on TransactionACID on Transaction
● Atomicity
● Consistency
– Entity integrity eg. no primary key value can be null, no duplicate primary keys
– Referential Integrity
– Domain Integrity eg. Type, range
– User Defined Integrity eg. Age>=18 && Age<=60
● Isolation
– how/when the changes made by one operation become visible to other
concurrent operations
● Durability
● Implicit transaction, Explicit transaction
● Begin, Commit, Rollback

IndexIndex
● B-tree, GIST
● Cardinality
● Multiple columns, Column ordering
● Use with columns use by where clause, group
by, order by, join
● B-tree with like '%abc' statement?
● Performance impact on Insert update delete?

OthersOthers
● Views, Materialized views
● Triggers
● Functions
● Store procedures
● Sequences
● Table partitioning
● Query cost & Query optimization
● CTE Query
● Window Functions

CTE QueryCTE Query
WITH regional_sales AS (
SELECT region, SUM(amount) AS total_sales
FROM orders
GROUP BY region
), top_regions AS (
SELECT region
FROM regional_sales
WHERE total_sales > (SELECT SUM(total_sales)/10 FROM
regional_sales)
)
SELECT region,
product,
SUM(quantity) AS product_units,
SUM(amount) AS product_sales
FROM orders
WHERE region IN (SELECT region FROM top_regions)
GROUP BY region, product;

NHibernate ORMNHibernate ORM
● Persistent class
● Mapping
● ISession, Transaction
● Linq Query, QueryOver, HQL
● Native SQL
● Tools
– FluentNHibernate (Mapping by code)
– NHibernate Envers

Anonymous Methods
// Defines a delegate that takes an int and returns an int
public delegate int ChangeInt(int x);
// Define a method to which the delegate can point
static public int DoubleIt(int x)
{
return x * 2;
}
ChangeInt myDelegate = new ChangeInt(DelegateSample.DoubleIt);
Console.WriteLine("{0}", myDelegate(5));
ChangeInt myDelegate = new ChangeInt(
delegate(int x)
{
return x * 2;
}
);

Lambda Expression
ChangeInt myDelegate = x => x * 2;
ChangeInt myDelegate = (int x) => x * 2;
// Defines a delegate that takes two ints and returns an int
public delegate int MultiplyInts(int arg, int arg2);
MultiplyInts myDelegate = (a, b) => a * b;
Console.WriteLine("{0}", myDelegate(5, 2));

Statement Lambda Expression
int[] source = new[] { 3, 8, 4, 6, 1, 7, 9, 2, 4, 8 };
foreach (int i in source.Where(
x =>
{
if (x <= 3)
return true;
else if (x >= 7)
return true;
return false;
}
))
Console.WriteLine(i);

Lambda Expressions that Return
Void
// Defines a delegate that takes a string and returns void
public delegate void OutputToConsole(string arg);
static void Main(string[] args)
{
OutputToConsole o = a => {
Console.WriteLine(a);
};
o("Hello, World");
}
// Defines a delegate that takes no arguments and returns void
public delegate void OutputHelloToConsole();
{
OutputHelloToConsole o = () =>
{
Console.WriteLine("Hello, World");
};
o();
}

The Func Delegate Types
● public delegate TR Func<TR>();
● public delegate TR Func<T0, TR>(T0 a0);
● public delegate TR Func<T0, T1, TR>(T0 a0, T1 a1);
● public delegate TR Func<T0, T1, T2, TR>(T0 a0, T1 a1, T2 a2);
● public delegate TR Func<T0, T1, T2, T3, TR>(T0 a0, T1 a1, T2 a2, T3 a3);

The Func Delegate Types
class Program
{
static List<T> MyWhereMethod<T>(IEnumerable<T> source,
Func<T, bool> predicate)
{
List<T> l = new List<T>();
foreach (T item in source)
if (predicate(item))
l.Add(item);
return l;
}
{
int[] source = new[] { 3, 8, 4, 6, 1, 7, 9, 2, 4, 8 };
List<int> filteredList = MyWhereMethod(source,
i => i >= 5);
foreach (int z in filteredList)
Console.WriteLine(z);
}
}

LINQ (LINQ (llanguageanguage inintegratedtegrated qquery)uery)
● IEnumerable<T>
● IQueryable<T>
● Lazy evaluation
● Query<T> in NHibernate

LINQ OperatorsLINQ Operators
● Restriction Operators → Where
● Projection Operators → Select, SelectMany
● Element Operators → First, FirstOrDefault, Last, LastOrDefault
● Partitioning Operators → Take, Skip
● Ordering Operators → OrderBy, OrderByDescending, ThenBy,
ThenByDescending
● Grouping Operators → GroupBy
● Aggregate Operators → Count, Sum, Min, Max, Average
● Join Operators
● Quantifiers → Any, All

QueryOver
CustomerBox cb = null;
CustomerBox cb1 = null;
session.QueryOver<CustomerBox>(() => cb)
.WithSubquery.WhereNotExists(QueryOver.Of<GeoFence>()
.JoinAlias(gf2 => gf2.CustomerBoxes, () => cb1)
.Where(gf2 => gf2.Id == geoFenceId)
.Where(() => cb.Id == cb1.Id)
.Select(gf2 => gf2.Id))
.Where(Restrictions.On<CustomerBox>(cb3 =>
cb3.CalledName).IsInsensitiveLike(search.CalledName, MatchMode.Anywhere))

Native Query
session.CreateSQLQuery(sql)
.AddEntity("bd", typeof(BoxData))
.AddScalar("cellsite_name", NhibernateUtil.String)
//.SetParameterList("userGroupId", userGroupIds)
.SetTimestamp("startDate", DateTime.Now - TimeSpan.FromDays(30))
.SetString("username", username)
.List()
select {bd.*}, c.name as cellsite_name
from v_user_realtime_9 urv
left outer join nt_z_box_data bd on b.boxid = bd.boxid and
b.latest_box_data_boxdatadate = bd.date
left outer join nt_cellsite c on bd.cellsite_id = c.id
where urv.username = :username and date = :startDate

ASP.NET MVCASP.NET MVC
● Model-View-Controller
● Controller, Action
● View, Razor
● Filter, Routing
● Membership, Roles
● HTML
● Css, Bootstrap
● JavaScript
● i18n (internationalization)

Controllers
● Action methods
● Attributes
– [HttpPost, ActionName("Delete")], [Authorize]
● Model Binding
● ActionResult
– EmptyResult, ContentResult, FileContentResult
● HttpContext
● Cookies

Views
● Razor view
● HTML Helpers
– Html.DisplayFor, Html.ActionLink, Html.HiddenFor
● Layout
● Section
● Partial views

Controller – View data
● ViewBag
● ViewData
● TempData
● ViewModel

Model
● Data Annotations
– [Required], [Range(1, 100)], [StringLength(5)]
– [DataType(DataType.Date)]
– [Display(Name = "Current password")]

ASP.NET MVC Others
● Filters
● Routes
● Bundles
● i18n (internationalization)

JavaScriptJavaScript
● Function
● Prototype
● Closure → this
● Callback
● Class and Visibility Control
● Unobtrusive JavaScript
● Debug with firebug and Google chrome

jQueryjQuery
● $(“#div”)
● .val
● .prop
● $.get, $.post
● $.extend
● .find

jQueryUIjQueryUI
● Dialog
● Tabs
● Button
● Combobox
● Calendar, datetime

jqGridjqGrid
● Create grid
● Local data, Paging
● Grouping header
● Search toolbar
● Formatter
– Number, Date, Rows color, Custom format
● Grid functions
● Custom insert, update, delete,
● Custom button
● Multiple rows selection

CssCss
● Box model
● Id, class
● Selector
● Select option group

Interesting topic
● Knockout Js
● SignalR
● WebSockets
● Asynchronous controller
● Less
● Bootstrap
● WebAPI

GIS (Geographic information system)GIS (Geographic information system)
● Latitude, Longitude
● WGS-84, SRID 4326
● Geometry
– Point, LineString, Polygon
● Geometry function
– Centroid, Intersect, WithIn, Area, Geography, Convex Hull

Google Maps APIGoogle Maps API
● Javascript
● Map
● Control → Pan, Rotate, Scale, Zoom
● Overlays → Marker, InfoWindow, Polyline, Polygon,
Rectangle, Circle
● Services → GeoCoder, Direction, DistanceMatrix
https://developers.google.com/maps/documentation/javascript/reference?hl=th

SubversionSubversion
● Trunk
● Branches
● Tags
● http://tortoisesvn.net/docs/release/TortoiseSVN_en/index.html

Coding problem
● Code smell
– Duplicate code
– Long method
– Large class(God object)
– Too many parameters
– Feature envy
– Lazy class / Freeloader
– Contrived complexity
– Excessively long identifiers (Naming convention)
– Excessively short identifiers
– Excessive use of literals
– Complex conditionals

Duplicate code
● How duplicates are created
– Copy and paste programming
– Functionally identical
● Problems
– Code bulk affects comprehension
– Purpose masking
– Update anomalies
– File size
● Code reuse
– Software libraries
– Design patterns
– Frameworks

Naming convention
● Class name → noun eg. Employee, Product,
OrderDetail
● Interface name → I*able → IStatus, IEnumberable
● Constant → TAX_RATE, PI
● Property → Name, Price, Note
● Method → verb eg. DoWork(), Calculate(), Insert()
● Class variables
– private string _name, private bool _switchFlag
● Local variables
– bool switchFlag

Opensource License
● GNU General Public License (GPL)
● GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL)
● MIT License
● BSD License
● Apache License
● Public Domain

Asynchronous ProgrammingAsynchronous Programming
● Asynchronous Programming Patterns
– Asynchronous Programming Model (APM)
– Event-based Asynchronous Pattern (EAP)
– Task-based Asynchronous Pattern (TAP)

APM
public class MyClass
{
public int Read(byte [] buffer, int offset, int count);
}
{
public IAsyncResult BeginRead(
byte [] buffer, int offset, int count,
AsyncCallback callback, object state);
public int EndRead(IAsyncResult asyncResult);
}

EAP
{
}
{
public void ReadAsync(byte [] buffer, int offset, int count);
public event ReadCompletedEventHandler ReadCompleted;
}

TAP
{
}
{
public Task<int> ReadAsync(byte [] buffer, int offset, int count);
}

Task Parallel Library
● Data Parallelism
– Parallel.For, Parallel.ForEach
● Task Parallelism
– Parallel.Invoke, Task.Run, TaskFactory.StartNew,
Task.ContinueWith
– Task Cancellation
– Exception Handling
● PLINQ

Potential Pitfalls in Data and Task
Parallelism
● Do Not Assume That Parallel Is Always Faster
● Avoid Writing to Shared Memory Locations
● Avoid Over-Parallelization
● Avoid Calls to Non-Thread-Safe Methods
● Limit Calls to Thread-Safe Methods
● Be Aware of Thread Affinity Issues

Monitoring tools
● Event viewer
● Performance counter
● DB log file

Principle of software development
● D.R.Y. - Don't Repeat Yourself
● Separation of concerns (SoC)
● SOLID
● KISS
● GRASP
● You aren't gonna need it (YAGNI)

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