2. Protein Protein is made from small building blocks called amino acids. These amino acids are chemicals that interact in four different types of bonding causing proteins to fold.
13. Ribosome- a special protein that makes other proteins by attaching to mRNA and recruiting tRNA molecules.
14.
15. Step 1: Transcription DNA is unzipped at a certain gene mRNA is built one nucleotide at a time using the DNA as a template mRNA is released back into the nucleus DNA zips back up
16. Step 2: Translation mRNA leaves the nucleus A ribosome attaches to the mRNA at the first codon The ribosome “reads” the mRNA’s sequence of bases and sends out a signal for tRNA with the opposite matching codon (aka ANTI-CODON) carrying a specific amino acid tRNA leaves the Amino acid attached to the ribosome and goes to search for another amino acid The ribosome moves to the next codon and repeats the process
17. Step 2: Translation (continued) 6. The ribosome continues building until the end of the mRNA 7. The ribosome then releases the amino acid chain back into the cell where it folds- It is now a protein! 8. The ribosome then releases the mRNA back into the cell 9. mRNA returns to the nucleus where it breaks down into nucleotides and re-starts the process
