20th and 19th centuary art movements

1. 20th Centaury
Fauvism, Bauhaus and futurism

2. Fauvism
• The art movement was the first avant- garde movement the movement happened between 1900 and
beyond 1910, the art movement which was a group of artists experimenting with new ideas and methods.
The fauve painters were the first to make impressionism popular, the style of the art movement used ‘bold
brush strokes, high keyed vibrant colors’, they painted nature and people.
• http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/fauv/hd_fauv.htm
• Artists who were apart of this movement included: Matisse, Maurice de Vlaminck, Kees van
Dongen, Charles Camoin, Henri-Charles Manguin, Othon Friesz, Jean Puy, Louis Valtat, and Georges
Rouault. These were joined in 1906 by Georges Braque and Raoul Dufy.
• In 1908 Paul Cézanne had order and structure in his work which made many of the artists reject the
emotionalism of fauvism for the structure of cubism.

3. Fauvism paintings
Henri Matisse Georges Braque
These paintings have bold brush strokes and colours
which are bright, they are all scenes of nature it gives
the scene a happy and relaxed atmosphere. I think the
work could be representing the feeling of summer
because of the bright colours used which conveys a
similar effect of the bright sun during summer. The
work is expressive with all the colours used and the
brush strokes but the colours mean the piece is bright
so there is no main focus point. A possible weakness of
the piece is that the brush strokes are very small so
there is a lot of detail and things going on in the piece
which means it has a busy composition this means that
it is confusing for the eye but the house is used as a
focus point so the eye can look through the piece
without as much confusion.
The piece is of a little sail ship again with the expressive brush
strokes, the piece uses deeper colours than the previous piece,
this means that the piece is easier on the eyes to look at. The
light on the water acts as the main focal point but I feel like it
distracts from the rest of the scene like the little red sailing boat
and the other details of the scene. This piece seems to have the
right balance between small brush strokes and smooth brush
strokes the piece has a more clear focus point because the boat
uses a darker colour than the colour of the water which has
light painted on it which is a yellow colour. This means that the
composition is more simple.

4. Fauvism Paintings
Raoul Dufy Henri-Charles
I like the way the artist uses smoother brush strokes
than the previous two artists because it makes the
scene easier to look at and see all the details in the
scene, the piece still uses bright colours but in a
better way in my opinion this is because they are
used to focus on certain parts of the image such as
the boats in the foreground of the image and using
more subtle slightly pastel colours in the
background, although the brush stokes are
smoother they still have a bold appearance because
the colours haven’t been blended seamlessly
together.
This painting also uses smoother brush
strokes but with a texture, the scene
sticks to the theme of nature by using a
vase of flowers. The artist has used more
muted colours than the previous artists
because they aren’t bright and therefore
all the objects in the scene fighting for
attention, this therefore means that the
vase is the main focus of the piece and
stands out from the background.

5. Bauhaus
• This art movement (1919-1933) was founded by a German Architect, the concept of it was to….
‘to reimagine the material world to reflect the unity of all the arts. Gropius explained this vision for a union of
art and design in the Proclamation of the Bauhaus (1919), which described a utopian craft guild combining
architecture, sculpture, and painting into a single creative expression’
http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/bauh/hd_bauh.htm
• Bauhaus was a fine arts and design course it taught a prelimary course which included: colour
theory, materials and formal relationships. After learning the theory behind ‘Bauhaus’ they were then
taught in more specialized workshops in the following subjects:
metalworking, cabinetmaking, weaving, pottery, typography, and wall painting.
• Bauhaus artists include: Josef Albers, Herbert Bayer, Vasily Kandinsky and Paul Klee, the artists come from
different backgrounds from art, architecture and design.

6. Bauhaus
Josef Albers
KandinskyThese pieces have order and structure, the piece uses a
linear design which appears like a pattern. The piece uses
minimal colour uses on colour red and black and white.
The design reminds me of a computer game. The red
contrasts against the colours and makes the pattern the
focus. With the shapes the piece has a modern look
because it has a simple design rather than a lot of detail
which can confuse people. Because of the modern look
and the way the simple design the designer could be
trying to communicate the how future technology
available is unknown, this is because when you look at the
design you wonder what the design is trying to represent
maybe the designer is trying to confuse you.
This piece also uses lines but with shapes which gives
it an geometric appearance, the background is light
and the foreground uses black and a few bright
colours which therefore creates a contrast. This piece
also uses shapes but it uses a wider range of shapes
and also lines. The piece has a white triangle as the
focus point and then has all the other shapes placed
around, it has the slight appearance of a rough
drawing this is because the shapes…

7. Bauhaus
Paul Klee Vasily
This piece uses bright geometric
shapes to make up a scene, the
scene seems to be a sunset above
some houses, this creates a happy
atmosphere, the focus point is the
sun because it has quiet a bit of
negative space around it and
because of the dark background
which creates a contrast it stands
out and your eye makes its way
around the rest of the piece.
This piece is by Vasily a Bauhaus
furniture designer, the chair has a
modern design.

8. Futurism
• This art movement was brought out by a small group of Italian artists working just before the first world
war, they were inspired by the poet Filippo Tommaso Marinetti. The movement was inspired by the idea of
creating a new Italy because ‘of its oppressive past’. http://www.tate.org.uk/whats-on/tate-
modern/exhibition/futurism
• The aim of futurism was to celebrate the modern world of industry and technology, the took inspiration
from the new technology of the motor car.
• The artists who were involved in the movement are: Giacomo Balla, Umberto Boccioni, Carlo Carra, Gino
Severini and Luigi Russolo.

9. Futurism
Giacomo Balla Umberto Boccioni
These paintings have a more abstract
appearance to them. This piece shows
sharp metal shapes, which look like they
are apart of a ceiling, the artist shows
how the light falls on the different
shapes with the tones of grey.
This artist has used what look like oil
pastels to get the effect that he has, the
artist has used a range of colours to make
his composition. He has laid a range of
shapes the shapes are rounded and some
of them stretched into different
directions. The focus is the middle of the
piece where the most of the shapes are
placed, they then move outwards the
piece seems like its representing a
hurricane or tornado because of the
outward motion.

10. Futurism
Carlo Carra Gino Severini
The piece uses the imagery of a horse and its
rider, the piece has a modern appearance to
it, the piece seems to be split into different
sections so that certain parts of the image
can be repeated , this makes the image
interesting
This piece has an abstract look to it the way the
lines look like they make the inside of a cube
shape and the other cube shapes in the
background make it have an interesting
perspective.