2. Exploration Thought Questions Respond to the following questions in your Interactive Notebook. 1. Where would you go if you could visit any place in the world? Why? 2. How would you raise money for your trip?
3. 3. Who would you take with you? Do you need people with special skills? 4. What problems might you encounter? 5. What emotions would you experience during your voyage?
4. 6. What items would you bring back? 7. In what ways would your trip be rewarding to you?
5. Do you realize that we are no different than the explorers who sailed the world during the Age of Exploration? We may dress differently, and have improved technology. use different transportation,
7. The emotions, dreams, and ambitions of people are the same no matter when we may have lived. Our surroundings are just different.
8. So you see, since we are human and the explorers were human… we are not so different. Keep this idea in mind as we study exploration, or any part of history for that matter. We are related to people in history. We just live in the present.
9. 1. Read the instructions for Part I on your student activity sheet. Write words that describe the Middle Ages as you view the slides. Use as many descriptive and emotional words as possible. 2. Write the definition of feudalism on your student activity sheet.
10. Let’s look at how the Age of Exploration began. In order to understand how important exploration was to the world, we need to go back to a time when exploration was of little importance---- The Middle Ages
11. During the Middle Ages (500-1350), life was hard and people were struggling just to survive. There was constant threat from outside invaders. Food was scarce. Disease was rampant.
12. People spent much of their time and energy just trying to survive. There was little leisure time to be interested in the outside world, much less time to explore it. Eventually, a social and political system developed that helped to bring stability and peace to Europe.
13. Feudalism Feudalism was a system of loyalty and protection in the Middle Ages. King Lords Knights Serfs
14. However, the king needed his subjects below him for his survival, too. He was even loyal to the serfs, for they provided food. Everyone was loyal to the king because he provided a place to live and knights for protection.
15. King Lords Knights Serfs Feudal Society This system of loyalty and protection called feudalism worked from... top to bottom bottom to top and
16. Complete Part II of your student activity sheet as we discuss the following slides on the Crusades.
17. Eventually, life became somewhat easier and people were not so afraid to leave their feudal manors. In 1095 Pope Urban II called on all Christians to leave their homes and defend their faith by joining the Crusades.
18. The Crusades The Crusades were a series of wars fought between Christians and Muslims from the 1090s-1270s over control of the Holy Land. The Middle East The Holy Land
19. The Crusades were important because... Europeans ventured to Asia for the first time. Asia
20. Effects of the Crusades Europeans were introduced to new foods and products. There was a renewed interest in trade.
21. People came into contact with others outside of their feudal manors. Ideas and learning became more widespread.
22. Europe was on the verge of a great rebirth of cultural borrowing known as the Renaissance
23. “ Renaissance” (1400-1600) actually means “rebirth.” It was a rebirth of ideas in art, religion, science, and learning that had flourished in ancient Greek and Roman times. Strong European nations emerged during this time period.
24. People did not have to struggle as much to survive during the Renaissance . They had more leisure time. Some very famous figures used that leisure time to create and invent wonderful things. printed Gutenberg books.
27. The height of European exploration occurred during the Renaissance .
28. 1. Complete Part III of your note sheet. Write an analogy about the Renaissance. Further instructions are on your student activity sheet. 2. Complete Part IV of your student activity sheet as we discuss the three discoveries of America.
29. The credited discovery of the New World occurred during the Renaissance . However, the New World was discovered even before the Age of Exploration. There were actually three important discoveries of America.
30. First Discovery of America Native Americans migrated across the Bering Strait on a land bridge from Asia, maybe as early as 70,000 years ago. The earliest Native Americans built mounds across the Eastern half of the U.S. over 3,000 years ago.
31. Leif Ericsson and the Vikings landed in far North America in about 1,000 A.D. Second Discovery of America They named the land “Vinland” because of the abundance of wild grapes.
32. In 1492 Christopher Columbus discovered the New World. Columbus thought he was in India, but actually he had reached the New World. He did not set foot on North America, but his discovery ushered in the Age of Exploration. Third Discovery of America
33. So what would make these brave individuals leave their homes for parts unknown? Think about your imagined voyage when we started this activity. Why did you go on your voyage? I bet some of the reasons are the same! We have a lot more in common with people in history than you might think.
34. As we view the next slides on the “Explorer Hall of Fame”, think about what you and the explorers might have in common.
36. Prince Henry the Navigator- Portugal Prince Henry never explored, but he was instrumental in promoting exploration by: financing many voyages for Portugal. starting a school for navigation at Sagres that initiated many advancements in sailing.
37. Christopher Columbus- Spain Columbus thought he was in the Indies, but he really had “discovered” the New World. Many explorers followed his routes to the New World.
38. Amerigo Vespucci- Italy Amerigo followed Columbus’s route to the New World. He wrote to a friend that he had indeed discovered a new continent. From the name “Amerigo” we get…
39. Ferdinand Magellan- Spain Magellan’s voyage was the first to circumnavigate the globe. However, Magellan was killed in the Philippines during a battle with natives. His crew put his body in a pickling barrel and finished the voyage, so technically, Magellan did sail around the world.
40. The Conquistadors- Spain The conquistadors were the Spanish conquerors who were looking for the “Three G’s” ... gold God glory Two of the most famous were: Hernan Cortes who conquered the Aztecs in Mexico. Francisco Pizarro who conquered the Incas in Peru.
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42. Henry Hudson- England During his search for the Northwest Passage, Hudson discovered the Hudson River, Hudson Strait, and Hudson Bay. Hudson was viewed as too intense and unfair. Eventually his crew mutinied (rebelled) and left him to die in the icy North Atlantic.
43. Sir Frances Drake- England Drake was a famous English “Sea Dog” who raided ships of the Spanish Armada. Eventually, he helped defeat the Armada. Drake was the first Englishman to circumnavigate the world.
44. Write a five to six sentence level one writing in your Interactive Notebook addressing the following question: How are we related to people in history? In other words, how are we like the people we will study in history?
