The cerebrospinal fluid is produced by the choroid plexus in the ventricles of the brain. It surrounds the brain and spinal cord and is composed of water, proteins, carbohydrates, and ions like calcium, chloride, sodium, and potassium. The cerebrospinal fluid acts as a shock absorber for the brain and spinal cord, provides nutrients, removes waste, and acts as a buffer. Diseases that can affect the cerebrospinal fluid include hydrocephalus, meningitis, and increased protein levels that can indicate inflammation, bleeding, or tumors.

1. Cerebrospinal fluid
(CSF)
DR.Sadia Arshad.PT
B.Sc,BSPT,PPDPT,MSc,MPPTA
(drsadiaphysio@gmail.com)

2. PRODUCTION AND APPEARANCE
• The choroid plexus of third, fourth and lateral
ventricles of brain Produces a colorless fluid
which surrounds the brain and spinal cord
known as the cerebrospinal fluid.

3. CONSTITUENTS OF CSF
cells
Lymphocytes
0-5 cells/cu
mm
PROTEINS
15-40 mg/dl
CARBOHYDRATES
40-85mg/dl
IONS
Ca+2 2.7 mEq/l
Cl-2 130 mEq/l
Na+2 155 mEq/l
K+3 3.5 mEq/l

4. CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
OF CSF
QUANTITY:
500ml
production/day
TOTAL
VOLUME:
120-150 ml
PRESSURE:
8-15 mmHg or
60-140mm
water
pH: 7.4

5. CSF PATHWAY
CHOROID
PLEXUS
VENTRICLES
SPINAL CORD
&SUBARACHNOID
SPACE

6. FUNCTIONS OF CSF
Shock
absorber
Provides
Nutrients
Reservoir of
ions and energy
Removes
Wastes, bacteria
etc as lymphatic
Acts as buffer

7. DISEASES RELATED TO CSF
• Hydrocephalous
• TB of meninges
• Bacterial or viral meningitis
• Hypoglycorrhachia
• Increased protein volume in CSF is indicator
of neural inflammation, bleeding or tumor.

8. REFERENCES
• Guyton and Hall. Text book of physiology. 11th
edition.
• Evelyn Pearce. Anatomy and physiology for
nurses. 16th edition.