khan safdar khan

2. Presenter
Safdar khan
Roll No. 181
Department of Management Sciences

4.  Denotation is the dictionary definition of a
term. It is the basic meaning of a word, what a
term means.
 In the others words, The Denotation of a
term consists of the individual things or
objects to which the term can be applied.

5.  Connotation is the
emotions, thoughts, images, and associations
attached to a word.
 Terms can have positive, negative, or even
neutral connotations. It all depends on the
context, how and where the word is used.

6.  In the others words, the connotation of
a term consists of the qualities
necessarily possessed by the objects
denoted by the term.

7.  For examples The Denotation of a term
‘man’ consists of all the individual things
called ‘men’---of all things to which the term
‘man’ can be applied.
 While its connotation consists of the attributes
of ‘animality’ and ‘rationality’ implied by it
and possessed by all men

8.  As we know that, the proposition consists of
subject and predicate.
 Now, the relation in which the predicate
stands to the subject is called predicable.

9.  There are five different ways in which a
predicate may be related to its subject.
 Genus
 species
 Differentia
 Property (or proprium)
 Accident (or accidence)

10.  The larger class which includes a smaller class
in denotation is called Genus.
 The smaller class, which is so included is called
Species
 For example, “animal” is a wide class which
includes the smaller class “man”
 Hence „animal‟ is Genus and the „man‟ is
Species

11.  Differentia means the attribute or attributes which
a species possesses in excess of the connotation
of its genus.
 For example ‘rationality’ is the differentia of
man, as it distinguishes ‘man’ from it genus
‘animal’

12.  A property is a quality or attribute which does
not form part of connotation of a term but
necessarily follows from it.
 For example, a triangle has its three angles
equal to two right angles and its two sides
greater than the Third

13.  An accident is a quality which neither forms part
of a the connotation of a term nor follows from it.
 It means that which happens accidently and Has
no necessary connection with the nature of a
thing.
 For example, the colour of a man is an accident.
 He may be Black or white.