5. Impedance
Impedance of the medium –Complex mixture of 3 parameters
stiffness, mass , friction .
Middle ear acts as the impedance matching device
All middle ear pathologies alter this impedance , results in lesser
sound energy being transmitted to the cochlear fluid.
8. Definition of
Tympanometry
Change in the impedance of the middle ear at the plane of the
tympanic membrane as a result of changes in air pressure in the
external auditory meatus.
Source – ClinicalAudio-Vestibulometry,Anirban Biswas
15. Strain, George & Fernandes, Asia. (2015). Handheld tympanometer measurements in conscious dogs for the
evaluation of the middle ear and auditory tube. Veterinary Dermatology. 26. 10.1111/vde.12195.