2. SECTION A
The following resources relate to Questions 1–6.
Figure 1
World trends in the number of reported disasters per year 1900–2000
Number of
reported
disasters
‘All disasters’ include
geophysical events
(such as earthquakes) and
hydro-meteorological
events (including all types
of storm)
(Source: Emmanuelle Bournay, UNEP/GRID-Arendal)
Figure 2
Ways of managing climate change
MITIGATION
MANAGING
ADAPTATION
CLIMATE CHANGE
Mitigation means tackling
the underlying cause:
the build-up of
greenhouse gases.
2
Adaptation means dealing
with the consequences of
climate change.
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3. Figure 3
Predicted changes in flood risk for England and Wales by 2080
Change in annual economic
losses from flooding
no change
low increase
medium increase
high increase
decrease
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3
Turn over
4. 4
USA - 53
Turkey - 66
China - 56
Japan - 125
Thailand - 476
South Korea - 137
Malaysia - 20
Hungary - 123
Slovakia - 60
Poland - 301
Czech Republic - 96
UK - 2115
Republic of Ireland - 100
Figure 4
The number of Tesco stores worldwide in 2010. Tesco is a UK retail Transnational
Corporation (TNC)
(Source: www.tescoplc.com)
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5. Figure 5
Immigration and emigration trends for the UK 1998–2008
600
500
Thousands
of people
400
300
200
100
0
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Year
Immigration
Emigration
(Source: www.statistics.gov.uk/)
Figure 6
An inner London house and the families living there in 1901 and 2011
1901
Name
2011
Age
Name
Age
Eliza Hunter (F)
73
David Goodwin (M)
47
William Hunter (M)
38
Rupal Goodwin (F)
48
Doris Hunter (F)
36
Samira Goodwin (F)
13
Frank Hunter (M)
15
Jasmine Goodwin (F)
11
Harold Hunter (M)
14
Betsy Hunter (F)
11
Emma Hunter (F)
10
Richard Hunter (M)
8
Susan Hunter (F)
5
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5
Turn over
6. SECTION B
The following resources relate to Questions 7–10.
Figure 7
The distribution of volcanic activity in the Pacific region
Eurasian Plate
North American Plate
Hawaiian Islands
Cocos Plate
Nazca
Plate
Indo–Australian Plate
South
American
Plate
Pacific Plate
Antarctic Plate
Key
6
active volcano
plate boundary
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7. Figure 8
GDP per capita, total greenhouse gas emissions (shown as carbon dioxide
equivalent) and CO2(e) emissions per capita for selected countries, 2007
Country
Gross Domestic Product
(GDP) per capita (US $)
Total CO2(e) emissions
(millions of tonnes)
CO2(e) emissions per
capita (tonnes)
USA
47,440
5,769
19.1
China
3,259
6,028
4.6
Brazil
8,295
347
1.8
521
40
0.2
Singapore
38,972
45
9.8
Saudi Arabia
18,855
358
14.8
Bangladesh
(Source: www.iea.org)
Figure 9
A ‘shrinking world’ timeline of technological innovation
THEN
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1900
1935
1939
1954
1969
1969
1970
1973
1974
1989
1994
1995
1996
1997
2002
2004
2008
Telephone & radio are
already being used
Fax machine
Television
Colour television
Early internet
Moon landing
First GPS satellite
First mobile phones
Desktop computers
World Wide Web
Blogging begins
EasyJet founded
Google founded
Mass market mobiles
First i-pod on sale
Podcasting begins
Twitter takes off
NOW
7
Turn over
8. Figure 10
The changing size and distribution of world megacities
Moscow
London
Paris
New York
Seoul
Istanbul
Tehran
Los Angeles
Beijing
Delhi
Cairo
Karachi
Mumbai
Mexico City
Dacca
Tokyo
Osaka
Shanghai
Guangzhou
Kolkata
Manila
Lagos
Jakarta
Rio de Janeiro
Sao Paulo
8 megacities
in 1985
Population in millions
(metropolitan area)
20+
15.1-20
10-15
Buenos Aires
Less than 10 million
Moscow
London
Paris
New York
Seoul
Istanbul
Tehran
Los Angeles
Beijing
Delhi
Cairo
Karachi
Mumbai
Mexico City
Tokyo
Osaka
Shanghai
h i
Guangzhou
Dacca
Kolkata
Manila
Lagos
Jakarta
Rio de Janeiro
Sao Paulo
26 megacities
in 2009
8
Buenos Aires
Population in millions
(metropolitan area)
20+
15.1-20
10-15
Less than 10 million
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