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Indian Graduates, Go for Apps
- 1. Face the Future Confidently 1
- 2. Do Not Be a Sheep, Think of Alternatives IT companies get 1 lakh resumes for every 300 positions (everybody aspires to work for an IT company but very few get a chance to do so) IS THERE AN ALTERNATIVE???
- 3. Yes, There Is… (revenge of the consumer) PCs are the past (too costly for India and too irrelevant for rest of the world) Tablets are the future, we can join the bandwagon Tablet sales are increasing every year in India and abroad
- 4. S – Satyam W – Wipro I – Infosys T – TCS C – Cognizant H - HCL
- 6. Be your own boss, start a cross platform Apps business
- 7. Minimum needed to develop cross platform? A PC running Windows 8.1 Visual Studio Express 2013 (Free) Sample Code (Free) If you are using HTML, CSS and JavaScript an eBook is available in addition(Free) For HTML/JavaScript based cross platform development Apache Cordova is needed (Free)
- 8. Why cross platform? • An App that is cross platform has a better chance for success • Tools are available now that allows one to do cross platform development from a single code base • Hence need to know only one language and one software development tool for whatever target envisioned
- 9. Why not Web Design? Apps vs. Web Pages Tablet/PC ratio > 100/1 Tablet friendly Web is in infancy Too much competition in India
- 10. Cross platform Apps Are a Go • .Net Framework, Xamarin and C# • OR • HTML/CSS/JavaScript
- 11. Cross platform Apps are A Go You should develop two free Apps as a proof of concept and put it on Windows Marketplace Then develop a paid App, you need to have a clear focus about what market you want to address Go on developing more paid Apps, be unique, try your hand first at an India based App then go global
- 12. Cross platform Apps are A Go If you do not want to take a risk that goes with working for yourself, work for a company that develops Windows Apps, initially While you are there collect free and paid resources available that address writing Apps for Windows that are useful if you work alone or for another company
- 13. Cross Platform Apps are A Go But what do you need to know additionally? ◦ 2.5G, 2.75G, 3G and 4G ◦ Indian Language Computing ◦ Media
- 14. 2.5G, 2.75G, 3G, 4G and India
- 15. 2.5G, 2.75G, 3G, 4G and India • Based on speed • 2.5G (GPRS for GSM and 1xRTT for CDMA) and 2.75G (EDGE for GSM and EVDO Rev. A for CDMA) 3G has arrived in Cities and in 2014 to become more common in rural areas 4G is coming to Metros
- 17. Indian Language Computing 90% of Indians do not know English But still 65% of Indians are literate in their own mother tongue Hence Indian Languages are very necessary for Windows App’s initial Indian success (even in highly populated rural areas you may not find even a single English newspaper)
- 18. Indian Language Computing (A Very Brief Tutorial)
- 19. Indian Language Computing (A Very Brief Tutorial) CDAC (Mohan Tambe) did ISCII in 1991, ISCII is 8-bit, ASCII plus an Indian Language ISCII (in spirit) is now a part of Unicode Samsung has many Indian dialects in some of the phones sold in India Micromax has 21 Indian dialects in some of their phones
- 20. Indian Language Computing (A Very Brief Tutorial) English has one-to-one mapping in Unicode codes and glyphs (screen shapes) Indian Languages do not have one to one mapping from Unicode codes and glyphs(conjuncts)
- 21. Indian Language Computing (A Very Brief Tutorial) ‘ज्ञ’ glyph has ‘ज’, ‘्’, ‘ञ’ in Unicode Searching and sorting is to be done Unicode Code wise Printing and PDF is to be done glyph wise
- 22. Indian Language Computing (A Very Brief Tutorial) Google has very good ◦ Transliteration ◦ Transliteration Input Method Editors (IME) ◦ Machine Translation for almost all Indian dialects Microsoft Bing has good • Machine translation for almost all Indian dialects
- 23. Media, Internet and India
- 24. Media, Internet and India No long term future in India for physical media like paper, printing, CDs and DVDs Media has moved to Internet Media is becoming tablet friendly
- 25. Media, Internet and India India is going to see an Internet fuelled media explosion Will give boost to literacy and culture
- 26. Newspapers Ads will dry up for paper newspapers (Naukri.com has eaten away recruiting supplements in Newspapers) Newspapers will go down and down in Maslow’s food chain and eventually fail, just like USA Newspapers should have an ad supported app for Windows
- 27. Magazines Magazine have a different future Paper magazines will go away long term but magazines will survive as a medium people will use to read and view which competes with blogs Will be available on tablets
- 28. Books (English) Not printed in India, take months to arrive EBooks will lead to timely availability Hoping that because of Internet and eBooks, English book reading will increase 10 times in India
- 29. Books (Indian Languages) Was a step-child of Indian publishing, but no more Will outnumber English books in India Hope Indian Language book reading will grow 100 times because of Internet and eBooks
- 30. Audio A lot of current tablets (even low end) can play mp3s and AACs and tune in on FM in stereo Tablets support streaming so there is an opportunity for ad supported songs (Saavn and others)
- 31. Video India is looking forward to video because it is mostly urban and semi- urban based At least 1Mbps speed is needed and will get a boost with 3G and 4G Progress, Culture, Literacy from it
- 32. Internet’s own form of Media Microblogs (mainly text and images with text limited to 140 characters) Blogs and RSS (mainly text and images) Podcasts (Audio and Video) Audiobooks (Narrated Audio)
- 33. Keeping Up with Technology
- 34. Use RSS feeds • Request an OPML file from me which will allow your RSS reader to be programmed My OPML is mostly about technology
- 35. Use Podcasts Listen to (and see) podcasts when you get time, this you will have to do yourself, as a pointer go to “twit.tv” iTunes or gPodder on PC (the best, but there are others if you have an Android or iOS phone) for subscribing to podcasts
- 36. Who Am I?
- 37. Who Am I? B. Tech Electrical Engineering from Benaras Hindu University (1977) M.S. Computer Engineering from Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA (1980) Bell Labs (USA) and Mastek (India) Computer and Mobile Industry future
- 38. Addresses Email Address ◦ samirsushah@gmail.com Comments on sites archive (more than 1000 comments, more than 600 likes) ◦ http://disqus.com/samirsshah
Notes de l'éditeur
- So you like computers, and have chosen to study them but you are worried about your future. I am here to show you how to face the future and that too with confidence.
- Getting into SWITCH is very hard, initially the pay is good but it tapers off unless you choose the management track. Working hours are so bad that I can wager anyone coming home before 10 p.m. You will do risk averse, non-creative work that Americans/Europeans chose to dump on you. Is TCS doing new Facebook features or new Twitter features? No. TCS is not even doing EX. Remember EX, the software that was much better than Tally but was killed by TCS after launching it with huge fanfare because it was not lucrative enough compared to outsourcing? Is there an alternative? Fortunately there is.
- Just say bye-bye to PCs. Not at your home or at your workplace, but in your mind, as a platform. Just repeat after me “I will not develop for PCs”. Join the mobility bandwagon, make smartphones/tablets what you develop for and contrary what anybody says PCs ARE DEFINITELY GOING AWAY. The only question is “when”.
- S – Satyam, W – Wipro, I – Infosys, T – TCS, C – Cognizant, H – HCL turn them off in your mind!!!
- S – Satyam, W – Wipro, I – Infosys, T – TCS, C – Cognizant, H – HCL turn them off in your mind!!!
- Today is the right place and the right time to develop Indian Android/Bada applications. You start at the ground floor of the huge opportunity that is coming. And, THERE IS ROOM FOR EVERYBODY. You will still have a viable business even if whole of this class started writing Android/Bada applications. Heck, it may be true that you may still have a viable business even if ALL of the students whom I give this presentation started writing Android/Bada applications. Because Android/Bada numbers in India going to be that huge.
- You just need a PC and an Android phone. Why Ubuntu Linux? Because that is what Google uses as a development platform. If you want to use Windows you will have to be satisfied with a slow development pace because you have to use a software that emulates Linux on Windows (virtualization). Why Android 2.2? Because some advanced features like saving applications to an SD card or using speech anywhere needs Android 2.2. SDK is Software Development Kit and uses Java. NDK is Native Development Kit and uses C.
- One of the two operating systems for which phones are available for less than Rs. 10,000. And there is a choice of handsets available for all ranges; budget, mid and premium. After buying an Android you do not have to break the bank for getting useful applications. Free does not mean application developer are not making any money. An application developer can make money by displaying advertisements in his/her application.
- Smartphones will not have 1024x768 screens, and even if all screens became Retina displays, the characters will be so small to be of any use. Cheaper tablets using RockChip available outside India for Rs. 7,500 will make it possible for upper middle class Indians to have a tablet and surf the web. Tablets have to break Rs. 5,000 barrier before I go below 25/1 and recommend parity between apps and web in India.
- Android is a “free” culture. Bada is not a “free” culture like Android but it does cater to lower end market like India. You have to give something free initially to get something later. So write something useful initially in one or two of your applications and make them available for free to show your development credibility. India is going to need a ton of Android/Bada applications and most of that is going to cater to consumers and Small and Medium Businesses (SMBs).
- Running a business is not for everybody. So you may want to have the cake and eat it too by working for an Android/Bada applications company. Icing on the cake will be the ability to look into Android source code (you may have more time than if you had your own business). Also, looking at Android source code may help your company to write better Android applications. Bada is NOT open source.
- All of these are equally important so I am presenting them in no particular order.
- It would have been better if 3G had come to India a few years earlier. But now that it has come it is going to have significant effect on India. The main one being democratization of Internet.
- This is a very, very conservative forecast. May happen much sooner.
- Many of you will think that above is a misnomer, but it is not so. It is because we think it so. Indian freedom struggle in 1857 A.D. was named a “rebellion” by the British historians and many us thought it was so, me included, until somebody more patriotic started calling it a freedom struggle. Media like Newspapers, Cable TV and Radio have followed the path from English to Indian languages and computing is THE FINAL FRONTIER.
- The first step of Android/Bada will be to reach non-English knowing but literate Indians in their own language and slowly move down to illiterate Indians. I will be very happy if Google/Samsung did so, but if they do not, we will have to do it ourselves by diving into source code of Android. For Bada it has to be done by Samsung because Bada is not open source.
- Because you will never come across Indian languages in your curriculum, I have a very small tutorial that will guide you through the very basics of Indian language computing.
- Before Unicode there was only ASCII so India developed ISCII. Around late eighties and early nineties when Unicode started to get traction ISCII, in spirit, became a part of Unicode.
- In English what you input through keyboard comes one-to-one on the screen, except for very rare and very special case fonts that use ligatures like ‘ffi’ and combine them to one glyph on the screen. It is different for Indian languages where we have conjuncts like ‘ज्ञ’, ‘क्ष’ and ‘श्र’.
- ‘ज्ञ’ is stored, searched, sorted and archived as ‘ज’, ‘्’, ‘ञ’. But in PDF, which is virtual paper, it is ‘ज्ञ’.
- Transliteration is a phonetic change of script which is almost one-to-one between Indian languages because varnamala for Indian languages is almost same. Transliteration is somewhat implementation dependant from Indian languages to English and vice versa. Input Method Editors allow a an English educated urban Indian to write in Indian languages. It has a keyboard which is used when transliteration does not do the job. In spite of so many millions of people speaking Indian languages. Only Google has machine translation and that too only to and from Hindi. It shows how much we have devalued our own Indian languages.
- Media in India will go through a major upheaval with wireless Internet. Some of it is already happening. The path of change did not happen to least bandwidth hungry medium, text, first because Indian language text is not available. Instead it went directly to audio. FM radio is totally heard on mobiles and is totally Indian language. Songs are sideloaded on a mobile by a PC savvy person and then it goes viral with many people transferring to their mobiles through Bluetooth. Video is almost very rare.
- Physical media costs more.
- Media has never reached satisfactorily to lower rung of Indians. We are seeing mobile penetration more than TV penetration and it is going to diverge even more. There are so many community televisions. A television can be a shared medium but a mobile is not. And as new mobiles replace old ones, so many people will have something in their pocket that does text, audio and, maybe limited, even video. The pent up demand for media is going to drive this explosion. Mobile is an ideal teacher because it is so personal. I am envisioning many, many literacy applications.
- Paper newspapers are on their way out, because their ads will go more and more to apps.
- Magazines show us a life that we want to attain to and because of that they are in color with vibrant ads popping up to catch our eye. Because of this high bandwidth requirement they will come to high end mobiles and tablets first.
- I have not followed recently but you may see New York Times bestseller’s list for hardcover and NONE of them would be available in India. Again, paper is on his way out.
- This is where the explosion is going to be the biggest, what required rupees will finally be available in paisa or even free. With Ebooks, Indian language books’ time has come.
- Instead of savvy consumers going to illegal sites for their mp3s, give them the legal ones with ads. If the song is catchy and legal bit rate is higher than the illegal sites’ there is a chance that the one with the ads is listened to.
- After all media explosion happening, video will still remain because video requires 1Mbps broadband. It is like TV but so much different where you get to decide what and when to watch. It is the ultimate freedom in watching media.
- Blogs are daily journals in reverse chronological order. You have heard of Amitabh’s and Aamir’s blogs. Podcasts are discussions, usually on a single topic, available for download and listening. Audiobooks are books read by professionals available in audio form.
- As a developer you need to keep up with what is going on in technology, at least new Android/Bada versions and new Android/Bada phones.
- RSS feeds are mostly text and images taken from blog websites and given in a more readable form. An OPML (Outline Processor Markup Language) takes what websites are subscribed and gives it in a machine readable form. By using my OPML file you will subscribe to the website I subscribe to and add or delete websites.
- iTunes is best for subscribing and downloading podcasts but for listening to them on your phone, you will have to manually put the mp3 file in your phone.