Jerry Coyne, an evolutionary biologist, discusses what it means to be an atheist. He says that being an atheist means coming to grips with two realities: that individuals will die, and humanity as a whole will eventually go extinct unless humans colonize other planets. Coyne states that as atheists, we must accept these realities and make the most of our finite time alive, as death is an inevitable result of natural selection.
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The Purpose of the Church
1.
2. "If you're an atheist and an evolutionary
biologist, what you think is, I'm lucky to have
these 80-odd years: How can I make the most
of my existence here? Being an atheist means
coming to grips with reality. And the reality is
twofold. We're going to die as individuals, and
the whole of humanity,
Jerry Coyne, evolutionary biologist,
Faith vs Fact: Why Science and
Religion Are Incompatible:
3. unless we find a way to colonise other planets,
is going to go extinct. So there's lots of things
that we have to deal with that we don't like.
We just come to grips with the reality. Life is
the result of natural selection, and death is the
result of natural selection. We are evolved in
such a way that death is almost inevitable. So
you just deal with it.”
Jerry Coyne
5. On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural
Selection
(or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the
Struggle for Life)
Charles Darwin
6. “If man as the existentialist
sees him as not definable, it
is because to begin with he
is nothing.”
Jean-Paul Sartre
Essays: Being and Nothingness,
Existentialism and Humanism
7. “I’m filled with a desire for clarity and
meaning within a world and condition
that others neither.”
Albert Camus
8. “Woe to him who saw no more sense in his life,
no aim, no purpose, and therefore no point in
carrying on. He was soon lost. The typical reply
with which such a man rejected all encouraging
arguments was, ‘I have nothing to expect from
life any more.’ what sort of answer can one
give to that?”
Victor Frankl
9. “The mystery of
human existence lies
not in just staying
alive, but in finding
something to live for.”
Fyodor Dostoyevsky
10. I asked: “What is the meaning
of my life, beyond time, cause,
and space?” And I replied to
quite another question: “What is
the meaning of my life within
time, cause, and space?” With
the result that, after long efforts
of thought, the answer I reached
was: “None.”
11. If a man lives he believes in something. If he did
not believe that one must live for something, he
would not live. If he does not see and recognize
the illusory nature of the finite, he believes in the
finite; if he understands the illusory nature of the
finite, he must believe in the infinite. Without
faith he cannot live…
Leo Tolstoy
12.
13. 15 He said to them, “But who do you say
that I am?”
16 Simon Peter answered and said, “You are
the Christ, the Son of the living God.”
17 Jesus answered and said to him, “Blessed
are you, Simon Bar-Jonah, for flesh and
blood has not revealed this to you, but My
Father who is in heaven. 18 And I also say to
you that you are Peter, and on this rock, I
will build My church, and the gates of
Hades shall not prevail against it.
14. Now, therefore, you are no longer strangers
and foreigners, but fellow citizens with the
saints and members of the household of
God, 20 having been built on the foundation
of the apostles and prophets, Jesus Christ
Himself being the chief cornerstone,
15. Go therefore and make disciples of all the
nations, baptizing them in the name of the
Father and of the Son and of the Holy
Spirit, 20 teaching them to observe all
things that I have commanded you; and lo,
I am with you always, even to the end of
the age.” Amen.
16. JOHN records what
Jesus said on the
day of resurrection
(20:19-23)
THE DIFFERING OCCASIONS OF HIS
COMMISSION:
17. MATTHEW records
what He said later
to a group of
disciples on a
mountain in Galilee
(28:16-20)
THE DIFFERING OCCASIONS OF HIS
COMMISSION:
18. MARK (16:15-18)
appears to be given
just prior to our
Lord's ascension.
THE DIFFERING OCCASIONS OF HIS
COMMISSION:
19. THE DIFFERING OCCASIONS OF HIS
COMMISSION:
LUKE (24:44-49) provides a summary the
Lord’s commission during the entire 40-day
period from when it is yet Resurrection
Sunday (43) until Christ had ascended.
20. LUKE in Acts (1:6-8)
gives another version
of the commission,
the final one, uttered
just before the
ascension.
THE DIFFERING OCCASIONS OF HIS
COMMISSION:
21. THE DIFFERING EMPHASIS OF HIS
COMMISSION:
Mt. 28:16-20 - The PRIORITY of God's Plan
Mk. 16:14-20 - The PENETRATION into
God’s World
Lk. 24:44-49 - The PROCLAMATION of
God's Word
Jn. 21:15-19 - The PASSION of God's Love
Acts 1:8 - The POWER of God's Spirit
22. “The function of leadership is to produce
more leaders, not more followers.”
Ralph Nader
2 Timothy 2:2 And the things that you
have heard from me among many
witnesses, commit these to faithful men
who will be able to teach others also.
23.
24. 1. "all" = infinite in domain, regardless of the
individual (i.e. race, wealth, education,
status) or issue (e.g., home, marriage,
business, school, government) Jesus has
"all authority".
2. "all" = infinite in power & might, hence,
omnipotent
27. 1. Before He Commissioned the Church -
"is given" (edothe = aorist) was given, hence
an accomplished fact
2. After He Resurrected and Ascended
into Heaven
28. Eph. 1:20 "...when He raised Him from the dead
and set Him as His own right hand in the
heavenly"
Phil. 2:8-11 "...He humbled Himself and became
obedient unto death, even the death of the cross.
Wherefore, God also hath highly exalted Him, and
given Him a name which is above every name..."
Col. 2:15 "...having spoiled [lit. completely
stripping off] principalities and powers [cf. Eph
6:12], He made a show [lit. made a display or
exhibit] of them openly [lit. boldly], triumphing
over them in it [cf. 10-14]."
29.
30. 1. "disciple" = disciplined one, a follower
2. "My disciples"
Philippians 2:12 Therefore, my beloved, as
you have always obeyed, not as in my
presence only, but now much more in my
absence, work out your own salvation with
fear and trembling;
31. “The outside matters nothin’. Like I
say I’m totally a Christian, and
what’s . . . inside you is [what’s]
important to Jesus.”
Jim Wolf
37. A. A REPEATED PROMISE:
1. Mt. 1:23 - The promise in the first chapter
regarding "Emmanuel, God with us" (Mt 1:23)
is confirmed and further fulfilled in the last.
2. Mt. 18:20 - Restoring an offending brother
who refuses to acknowledge wrong-doing and
injury
B. A RELEVANT Promise
38. “Therefore go and make disciples
of all nations, baptizing them in
the name of the Father and of the
Son and of the Holy Spirit, and
teaching them to obey everything
I have commanded you. And I am
with you always to the very end of
the age.”
- Jesus Christ
t may not be that the outside matters nothin’ (faith without works is dead), but Jim understands what Martin Luther and the Protestant Reformation fought to make clear: inside you is what’s important to Jesus. Or perhaps—if this would be a fair paraphrase of Jim’s view (as it is surely a fair summary of Luther’s)—all God-pleasing change flows ultimately from the inside out rather than the other way around. God changes people by giving them new life.
Perhaps this video went viral because we all deeply desire that new life; we know we need resurrection. But the tools of common grace—medicine, science, art—cannot bring life from the dead. The closest thing to new life secularism can offer is a new leaf.
And that’s how the viral video ends, with a title card announcing the closest thing to secular salvation:
Since filming, Jim has taken control of his life. He is now scheduled to have his own housing and is attending Alcoholics Anonymous meetings for the first time ever.
Sadly, Jim’s problems didn’t end after his 25 million minutes of fame. He soon hit the bottle again and landed back in jail. Local TV anchors said of his story, “Jim’s problems are rooted in alcohol, and he’s well aware that it’ll take much more than a makeover to fix that.”
On the one hand, Luther would surely agree with this assessment: it takes more than a haircut and a new outfit to fix human beings.
On the other hand, Luther would beg to differ: the root of a drunk’s problem is deeper than alcohol, just as an adulterer’s problem is deeper than sex and a Pharisee’s problem is deeper than unnecessary rules. All sinners are dead and need to be resurrected.
Luther and his fellow Reformers would ask (and here I quote again from Trueman’s summaries of Luther): “How can a dead person do his or her best?” (36) Luther believed that “human beings are dead in sin and ever inclined to invent a god who conforms to their expectations” (63)—including a god of the bottle or a god of environment-change.
Jim himself was aware that he needed more than a makeover; he took a noticeably Christian view of his plight:
I have no excuse for what I do wrong. It is all me puttin’ the bottle to my mouth.
And he practically quoted Paul:
I definitely want to say no, and I should say no. I hope nothin’ leads me farther down.
Sounds a lot like, “The evil I do not want is what I keep on doing…. Wretched man that I am! Who will deliver me from this body of death?” (Rom 7:19, 24) My heart goes out to Jim, I feel that unless there is infinite hope through Christ for a man in his position, there is none for me. Jim’s story is not complete.
One of the local TV hosts telling Jim’s story wondered out loud whether the viral video had a net positive effect on its star:
The video was a feel-good…for those who watched the video; was it a ‘do-good’ for Jim?
Only if it helps him get hold of a stark biblical truth Luther and the Reformation retrieved: “The dead do not require help or assistance or cleansing. Nothing short of resurrection will save them” (139).
It’s easy to think that unkempt street guys are in a different category, that they need extra saving. But Reformation theologians such as Luther remind us that we’re all equally dead, and we all equally need to be “united with Christ in a resurrection like his” (Rom 6:5).