Transport Policies for Van Couver, Canada

Transport Policies for Liveable City-
Vancouver, Canada
Saumya Gupta | TP/644
24.03.2020
Transport Policy & Legislation- Assignment II
Image Source- Transportation 2040 ReportSchool of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi
Coastal Seaport city in Western Canada with an area of 114.97 km2
and a population of 0.63 mn (2016 Census).
Image Source- Google Maps
In Canada In British Columbia Province
Vancouver city

The top 10 most liveable cities in the world, and their scores according to
different indices. (2019)
According to WEF 2019,
LIVEABILITY
means
Well-being
of
Individuals
Building
communities
Sustainable
Society
Safe,
Social Connection,
Inclusion
Environmentally
Sustainable
Access to affordable and diverse housing
options linked via public transport, walking
and cycling infrastructure to
Critical factors for liveable communities-
*Economic Intelligence Unit
Source- The Economist Global Liveability Index 2019 Report, Mercer Quality of Life Ranking 2019 Report, Monocle
Quality of Life Survey 2019 Website, Deutsche Bank Quality of Life Ranking 2019 Website
School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi
Rank
EIU*
GLI
Mercer
QOL
Monocle
QOL
Deutsche Bank
QOL
1 Vienna (99.1) Vienna (108.6) Zurich Zurich
2 Melbourne Zurich Tokyo Wellington
3 Sydney Auckland Munich Copenhagen
4 Osaka Vancouver (107.4) Copenhagen Edinburgh
5 Calgary Munich Vienna Vienna
6 Vancouver (97.3) Dusseldorf Helsinki Helsinki
7 Tokyo Frankfurt Hamburg Melbourne
8 Toronto Copenhagen Madrid Boston
9 Copenhagen Geneva Berlin San Francisco
10 Adelaide (96.6) Basel Lisbon Sydney
Parameters
•Healthcare
•Culture
•Environment
•Education
•Infrastructure
•Political strength
•Economics
•Env, Safety
•Education
•Pub. Transport
•Pub. Services
•Cost of PT
•House Rent
•Food
Affordability
•Safety
•Cost of
consumer
staples
Score
Out of 100
Comparative from
NYC (100)
Only Rank Available

EXISTING TRANSPORTATION CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CITY
AND CHALLENGES

Work
19% BT
3%
Edu
2%Shopping
11%
D/R
7%
R/S/E
11%
D/P
8%
Return
Trip
39%
City Area 115 km2
City Population 0.63 mn (2016)
City Density 5492/km2
Metro Area 2,878 km2
Metro Population 24 mn (2016)
GDP per capita USD 44337
ABOUT THE CITY’S PLANNING
• Grid city shaped by the original
transportation system.
• The original road pattern form the
foundation of a walkable city.
• Called as the city of neighborhoods.
• Characterized by high rise residential
buildings and mixed use development
since the 1950s.
• Unlike other cities, Vancouver has no
freeways into the downtown area.
CITY STATISTICS
• Past 25 years saw investments in
walking and cycling infrastructure.
• Until Jan2020, city was one of the few
major cities in North America without
ride-sharing company.
TRANSPORT SYSTEMS AVAILABLE
1. Metro train (TransLink)
2. Heavy Commuter Rail (West Coast
Express)
3. LRT (SkyTrain)
4. Trolley Bus (BC Transit)
5. Pedestrian and Bicycle Ferry
Service (SeaBus)
6. Bicycle-Sharing system (Mobi)
Source- Wikipedia
Source- Transportation 2040 Plan
Total no/ of trips- 1.99mn
PCTR- 3.8
TRIP PURPOSE DISTRIBUTION MODE SHARE 2018
School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi Source- Vancouver Panel Survey Report, 2018
Source- Transportation of Vancouver Source- Transportation Plan 2040
BT- Business Trip
Edu- Education
D/R- Dining/Restaurant
R/S/E- Recreational
D/P- Drop off/Pick up

Transit work trips have ATL 7 km, whereas
automobile has 10.6 km
Walk
29%
Bike
sharing
7%
Transit
17%Car-share
5%
Personal
Car
42%
OVERALL MODE SHARE
Source- Vancouver Panel Survey Report, 2018
MODE SHARE (Work vs School; by-age) ATL- Mode-wise
MODE SHARE- Income wise TREND IN VEHICLES ENTERING THE
CITY
93% with access to private vehicles
2.9 3.6 4.0 3.9Trip Rate
37% households with annual income >100k use
active transportation whereas 93% own vehicle.
42% personal car and 17% use transit.
School has just 20% active transport use.

Decline in VKT over the years
Trends in Sustainable Mode Share
CHALLENGES
1. A growing city with limited
road space
2. Demand for Transit
3. Costs of sedentary lifestyle 4. High cost of Housing
5. Aging Population 6. Rising Fuel Prices
7. Climate Change 8. Growing Downtown
•Population expected to rise by 0.13
mn; jobs by 0.09 mn by 2041.
•Very few opportunity for new
roads.
•Demand far exceeds capacity.
•Strategic investments for
increasing capacity are needed.
•45% people are obese and
overweight.
•Rate of obesity in children has
tripled in past 25 years.
•Over the years, even with rising population, total VKT has
reduced. meaning increase in use of NMT.
•Share of sustainable mode (transit, walking, cycling) has
increased significantly for walking.
•Housing costs is the main problem,
tpn is a big part of the solution. By
reducing the need to drive or
own a car.
•60+ population will double by 2048,
changes in travel patterns.
•Universal options in
transportation are needed for all
people.
•Fossil fuel prices increased
significantly in past decade.
•Reducing oil dependency and
enable local industry to thrive in
post-carbon world.
•Vehicles account for 30% GHG
emissions in the city.
•Shift to cleaner fuel is reqd.
•Downtown is core area, providing
range of mobility options with
limited road space is the challenge.
Source- Transportation 2040 Plan

TRANSPORTATION POLICY

School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi Source- Transportation 2040 Plan
Goals-
• Make the majority of trips on foot, bike, and
transit
• Eliminate dependence on fossil fuels
• Breathe the cleanest air of any major city in the
world.
GREEN TRANSPORTATION POLICY, VANCOUVER
ECONOMY
PEOPLE
A smart and efficient transportation system that
supports a thriving economy while increasing
affordability.
ENVIRONMENT
Healthy citizens who are mobile in a safe, accessible,
and vibrant city.
An enhanced natural environment that ensures
a healthy future for people and the planet.
TARGETS
TARGET 1: MODE SHARE
2/3 of all trips will be made by foot,
bike, and transit.
TARGET 1: DISTANCE DRIVEN
Distance driven per resident to will be
reduced by 20%.
Emissions will further reduce by 33%
TARGET 3: ZERO TRAFFIC-RELATED FATALITIES
• Eliminate all fatalities
from the transportation
system by engineering,
enforcement and
education
interventions.
• Special focus on
vulnerable road users.

Transportation 2040 builds upon the success of the
previous plan (1997), which committed the City to not
expanding road space despite a growing population
and workforce.
Since then, the total number of car trips into the city and
downtown has decreased, despite growth in total person
trips.
Walking, cycling, and transit have grown whereas
motor trips have declined.
TRANSPORTATION PLAN, VANCOUVER
1. LAND USE
Policy-
1. Prioritize and encourage dense
and diverse mix of services,
amenities, jobs, and housing types
in areas well served by frequent,
high-capacity transit.
2. Locate major trip generators near
rapid transit stations or along
transit corridors.
3. Design buildings to contribute to a
public realm that feels interesting
and safe.
Land
Use
Walking
Cycling
Transit
Motor
Vehicles
Goods and
Emergency
Response
The Plan is a long term vision
covering policies for various
aspects and tpn modes as follows- Appropriate land use decisions can
encourage walking, cycling, and transit
improving mode share which is key to
accommodating more trips.
Design buildings that put “eyes on the
street” to foster feelings of safety, and
locate density to support efficient transit
service.

Policy Background
The walking network is fairly complete, in areas with poor pedestrian
connectivity, new or improved pathways and signalized crossings will
be created where feasible.
Extending curbs at intersections to minimize crossing distances,
installing countdown timers and reviewing signal timing to make sure
people can cross safely, and maximizing visibility through lighting, and
pavement markings.
2. WALKING
Target-
Increase walk share to
22% of total trips.
Policy-
Pedestrian Network
1. Make streets safer for
walking.
1. Provide generous, unobstructed sidewalks on all streets
2. Make streets accessible for all people
3. Make streets and public spaces rain-friendly
4. Address gaps in the pedestrian network
5. Provide a blueprint for great pedestrian realm design
6. Make the city easy to navigate on foot
Public Spaces
1. Enable and encourage creative uses of the street
2. Create public plazas and gathering spaces throughout the city
3. CYCLING
Increase bike share to
12% of total trips.
Target-
Policy Background
>50% of all trips in the city are under 5 km—less than 20 minutes by
bike. Yet over half of these trips are currently made by car.
Policy-
Cycling Network
1. Build cycling routes that feel comfortable for people of all
ages and abilities
2. Upgrade and expand the cycling network to efficiently connect
people to destinations
3. Maintain bikeways in a state of good repair
4. Make the cycling network easy to navigate
Parking and End-of-Trip Facilities
1. Provide abundant and convenient bicycle parking and end-
of-trip facilities
Multi-Modal Integration
1. Make it easy to combine cycling with other forms of tpn
2. Provide a public bicycle system
Easier way-finding and
consistent cycle tracks across
municipal boundaries.
Identifying collision hotspots.

Policy-
Transit Network
1. Advance new and
improved rapid and local
transit
2. Improve transit reliability
and speed using transit
priority measures
3. Support water-based
transit and interregional
transit
Transit-Supportive Public
Realm
1. Support an easy to
navigate system
2. Provide easy transfers
and comfortable waiting
areas
4. TRANSIT
Target-
33% fewer trips by private vehicle.
5. MOTOR VEHICLES
Integration with Other Modes
1. Make it easy to combine cycling
and transit trips
2. Provide a public bicycle system
Accessibility
Support a universally accessible
transit system for people of all
incomes, ages, and abilities
Neighbourhood Impacts
1. Reduce transit-related env.l and
noise emissions
2. Maintain transit streets to a high
standard
Transit Financing
1. Support effective fares that
encourage transit use.
Target-
33% modal share expected by
2040.
Policy-
Road Network
1. Optimize network operations to
manage congestion impacts
2. Consider impacts to transit,
comm. vehicles, and general
traffic flow prior to reallocating
road space
Parking
1. Separate parking and
housing costs to increase
housing affordability
2. Provide accessible parking for
persons with disabilities
3. Support cycling, low-carbon
vehicles, and car sharing
Other Demand Mgt Tools
1. Support tpn demand programs
that are employer-, institutional-,
and district-based
2. Support regional road or
congestion pricing, with revenue
directed towards sustainable tpn
improvements
3. Support insurance options that
reward drivers for driving less
Low-Carbon Vehicles
1. Provide charging infrastructure
to support e-vehicles
Taxis
1. Support safe use of taxis for
persons with disabilities
Policy Background
Even with increase in W/B/T, there will still be cars on the road.
Widespread use of low- and zero-emission vehicles is critical to meeting
our GHG reduction targets
Policy Background
Strategically locating transit priority measures such as bus bulges,
queue jumpers, signal priority, and lane priority or reallocation can
be effective ways to improve transit capacity, speed, and reliability.
Car sharing is a system where a fleet of
communal vehicles is available in
convenient locations to regd. members.

Policy Background
Containers leaving Port Metro Vancouver, 63% go directly by rail,
and another 22% are transferred to rail before leaving the region as
it is most efficient.
6. GOODS, AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE VEHICLES
REVIEW
• Relatively fine-grain street network has many benefits. It results in
fairly direct travel routes, minimizing overall trip distances. It also
provides greater flexibility to close off or modify portions of routes—
for traffic management, traffic calming, repair works and to host
street celebrations or festivals at neighbourhood level, for
example—since parallel routes are usually close by.
• Such road pattern usually increases the scope of choosing private
vehicle over public transit as the public transit has low viability for
passengers in grid networks apart from operational non-viability.
• With ATL of work as 10 km, and the radius of the city is 8 km, it
directs towards maximum work trips as regional and even then it’s
done by private vehicle instead of public transit. Detail on policy is
lacking.
• Self sufficient neighbourhoods are important for reducing inter-
neighbourhood trips and becomes extremely important for
upkeeping liveability which is lacking in the Policy.
• Traffic volume is completely skipped in the policy formulation
process, data is entirely dependent upon sample panel.
• Trip Rate of age group 65+ is 3.9 whereas the trip rate of working
age group is 4.0 and the mode share for private vehicle in these age
groups is 45% and 49% respectively. The purpose and ATL is
missing which would’ve helped to understand this statistics better.
Policy-
Regional-and-Beyond Goods and Services Movement
1. Support truck movement on key regional routes
Local Goods and Services Movement
1. Maintain an efficient network of designated truck routes
2. Provide for efficient loading and unloading
3. Support low-impact goods and services movement and delivery
4. Support local production and distribution to reduce the need for
large-scale transport
Emergency Response
1. Consider emergency vehicle access in street designs and traffic
calming measures
2. Provide up-to-date, readily accessible information on traffic
calming measures and closures
Rightsizing for the job is another way to reduce neighbourhood
impacts. For ex: Cargo bikes and small vehicles for urban deliveries.
A combination of well-designed traffic calming, appropriately sized
vehicles, and response strategies is needed to both prevent and
respond to traffic collisions.

References-
1. https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2019/09/this-is-what-makes-a-city-liveable/
2. https://www.eiu.com/public/topical_report.aspx?campaignid=liveability2019
3. https://mobilityexchange.mercer.com/Insights/quality-of-living-rankings
4. https://www.cnbc.com/2019/05/20/these-cities-offer-the-best-quality-of-life-deutsche-bank-says.html
5. https://monocle.com/film/affairs/quality-of-life-survey-top-25-cities-2019/
6. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vancouver#Urban_planning
7. https://vancouver.ca/files/cov/2018-transportation-panel-survey.pdf
8. https://vancouver.ca/files/cov/transportation-2040-plan.pdf
9. https://vancouver.ca/streets-transportation/walk-bike-and-transit.aspx
THANK YOU!

Transport Policies for Van Couver, Canada

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