This document discusses issues related to representing and interacting with shape grammars for conceptual design. Shape grammars can support designers' thinking by offering design alternatives, but computer implementations face challenges of representation, interaction, and computational complexity. Restrictions in early systems focused on proof of concepts rather than practical use. Ongoing research looks at grammar development environments, general shape interpreters, parameterized forms, curved shapes, and other applications, but it remains unclear how close researchers are to truly useful grammar-based design tools.
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Grammar based design tools: issues of representation and interaction
1. Grammar based design tools:
Issues of representation and interaction
Scott Chase
Architecture, Design & Media Technology
Aalborg University
scha@create.aau.dk
http://homes.create.aau.dk/scha/
Designing With Vision Workshop
The Open University, 8 June 2010
http://design.open.ac.uk/DV/
2. Challenge
We want conceptual design tools that support designers’ ways of thinking
and working and enhance creativity, e.g. offering design alternatives difficult
or not possible without the use of such tools.
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5. Grammar applications
• Analysis
• Grammar construction from a corpus of designs
• Synthesis
• New grammars of design styles
• Transformation
• From one design style to another
• Change of design brief
• Hybrid, crossover designs
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12. Issues for computer implementation
• Maximal element representations create huge computational issues (e.g.
combinatorial explosion)
• Designer interaction with such systems is a challenge
• e.g. how to present all possibilities to the designer
13. Common implementation restrictions
• ‘Toy’ systems, e.g. proof of concept
• Single design application, hard coded
• Representation restrictions, e.g. set grammars, raster representations
• Design restrictions, e.g. orthogonal designs only
Do these restrictions keep us from moving forward?
16. EifForm
Dome
Planar truss grammar Canopy/landscape
17. DSSG project overview
… we anticipate three intertwined cycles
Communication
between
the
two The Shape
The
Synthesis
designer
System
designing
generating
shapes
shapes
http://www.engineering.leeds.ac.uk/dssg/
20. Recent grammar implementations
To be demonstrated at DCC 2010, 11 July
1. Grammar development environment
2. General interpreter for rectilinear forms
3. 3D parameterised primitives
4. Curved shapes
5. Machining planning
6. Subshape detection w/computer vision
7. Mass customised housing
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25. So, while there is ongoing research activity looking at issues of
representation, interaction and use, how close are we to having truly useful
grammar based design aids?
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Notes de l'éditeur
DSSG & DV projectsGrammarsRepresentationEmergenceInteraction & restrictions required
Applications of shape grammarsAnalysis of an existing body of workGeneration of existing designsCreation of new designs not in the existing set, but in the same styleTransformation of an existing style into a new language of formsDevelopment of a new, stylistically consistent language of forms
All possible subshapes of S that can be produced by transformations of A.A: 4 lines; S: 8 lines22 subshapes shown here, none of which can be found if using non-decomposable representation30 segments needed in that case
TapiaRange of scales for patternsRestricted field/areaTypes of transformationsCompositions of integer translations multiples of 90° rotations, reflections along grid lines, integer proportional scalingsAfter presenting choiceTerminate the process and either accept or reject the resulting designLet the system generate a design n levels down the treeResize or remove the boundaries of the area of interestRestrict the area of rule applicationChaseGranularity