2. Learning outcomes
Understand
what is meant
by revenue
Define and calculate total,
average and marginal
revenue
Understand the
determinants of
revenue
3. What is revenue?
Revenue is the
receipt of money
from the sale of a
firm’s output of
goods or services in a
given time period.
It is the money
coming in to a firm.
4. What determines revenue?
Revenue is
determined by two
things:
-how much is sold
-how much it is sold
for
Revenue = units sold x price per unit
5. Total revenue
Simplistically, revenue will
rise the more units are sold.
Assume a car dealer sells
new cars at £18,000 each.
Draw a diagram to show how revenue increases
with the amount of new cars sold per week
7. Average and
marginal revenue
Average revenue (AR) =
The average receipts per
unit sold
Marginal revenue (MR) =
Extra revenue from an extra
unit of sales
8. Average and marginal revenue
Sales Total
revenue (£)
Average
revenue (£)
Marginal
revenue (£)
0 0
1 18,000
2 36,000
3 54,000
4 72,000
5 90,000
6 108,000
7 126,000
8 144,000
9 162,000
10 180,000
Calculate AR
and MR and
draw a
diagram of
AR and MR
against sales
10. Price, demand and revenue
Often firms will have to cut
prices to sell more output.
Citroen is likely to sell more
new cars by reducing prices.
It does this by offering
‘cashbacks’.
The inverse relationship between price and
sales is known as the ‘law of demand’ – the lower
the price the higher the demand
11. Average and marginal revenue
Calculate TR
and MR.
Draw
graphs, one
underneath
the other,
of
-TR against
sales
-AR and MR
against sales
Sales Average
revenue
(£)
Total revenue
(£000,000s)
Marginal
revenue
0 30,000
1,000 28,000
2,000 26,000
3,000 24,000
4,000 22,000
5,000 20,000
6,000 18,000
7,000 16,000
8,000 14,000
9,000 12,000
10,000 10,000
11,000 8,000
12,000 6,000
13,000 4,000
14,000 2,000
12. Average and marginal revenue
Sales Average
revenue
(£)
Total revenue
(£000,000s)
Marginal
revenue
0 30,000 0
1,000 28,000 28 28,000
2,000 26,000 52 24,000
3,000 24,000 72 20,000
4,000 22,000 88 16,000
5,000 20,000 100 12,000
6,000 18,000 108 8,000
7,000 16,000 112 4,000
8,000 14,000 112 0
9,000 12,000 108 -4,000
10,000 10,000 100 -8,000
11,000 8,000 88 -12,000
12,000 6,000 72 -16,000
13,000 4,000 52 -20,000
14,000 2,000 28 -24,000
Check your
calculations
before you
draw the
diagrams.
Plot marginal
in between
each sales
point
