slavery, underground railroad, hariet tubman

1. The Underground Railroad
CHAPTER 10

2. Compromiseof 1850
 California as free
state
 District of Columbia
will abolish slave
trade
 need fugitive slave
law
 Southwestern territory
open for slavery
 Decision under
popular sovereignty
(residents vote on
status of territory)
Henry Clay
Proposed:

3. Millard Fillmore
13th president
 Summer of 1850 Taylor died
 Congress accepted all terms of the
compromise
 Able to avert split

4.  Fugitive Slave Law
 Any black caught will
stand before a
commissioner not a
judge
 commissioner receive
$10 for capturing and
only $5 for freeing
 requires all citizens
to assist in
capturing fugitive
slaves
 anyone helping slaves
escape will be fine
$1000 or 6 months jail
 slaves escaped long
time can be captured
 free slaves can be
easily considered
fugitive

6.  Underground Railroad
 network of men and women
that helped slaves escape
from South to North
 slaves- passengers
 backcountry roads- tracks
 farm wagons- trains
 shelter- station
 Harriet Tubman
 escaped slave (Black
Moses)
 risked life to help others to
escape
 returned to save family
 $40,000 reward for her
capture

7. Harriet Beecher Stowe
 Wrote Uncle Tom’s
Cabin
 more than a million in
copies/some turned it into a
play
 Depicted haunted scenes and
images of slaves treatments;
 increase sectional tension

8. 1852 Presidential Election
Franklin Pierce Gen. Winfield Scott John Parker Hale
Democrat Whig FreeSoil

9. Election of 1852
 Franklin Pierce
 14th President

10. The “Know-Nothings”
(Political party)
 Nativists
 Anti-Catholics
 Anti-immigrants

11.  Kansas-
Nebraska Act
1854
 Sen. Douglas
 Introduce a bill to
organize
Nebraska territory
 propose to divide
the territory
 repeal Missouri
Compromise
 applied popular
sovereignty

12. Battle for control  Missouri fear that slaves
would easily escape
crossing the border
 proslavery rushed to
Kansas
 Anti slavery rushed to
Kansas- fear proslavery
will claim land
 thousands proslavery
rushed to Kansas to vote
illegally winning a
landslide
 the antislavery and
proslavery formed their
own government
 two government in the
territory.

13. Bleeding Kansas
 Lawrence (city)-antislavery town
 proslavery looted and burned
houses/bldgs
 John Brown took vengeance for
Lawrence
 Killed 5 proslavery

14.  Sen. Charles
Summer made
speeches
denouncing
violence in Kansas
 Sen. Preston
attacked Summer
with a cane to his
head several times,
 Summer suffered
brain damage but
Preston was
showered with
cane (printed “hit
him again”
Sen. Charles Sumner Congr. Preston Brooks

16. 1856 Election
 Free Soiler Party-
 oppose extension of slavery
into territories
 Know-Nothing Party
 nativist- favor native born
people over immigrants
 Birth of Republican
 Whigs, Democrats and Free
Soiler joined
 Democrats
 supports popular sovereignty
and Kansas-Nebraska Act
 showed nation divided

17. 1856 Election Results
James Buchanan
15th President

18. Dred Scott v. Sanford, 1857
 Scott- a slave taken a
free state then
returned to Missouri
(slave state)
 Suing for his freedom

19.  Does Scott has a right to
sue?
 is his residence in a free state
made him free?
 Court ruled “NO” to both
 Ruled: slaves have no rights
and can not become a US
citizen therefore cannot sue
 5th Amendment: no property
(slaves) can be taken from
their owner
 declare Missouri Compromise
Supreme Court Decision
Scott, you have no
right to sue. You’re not
a human being. You
are a property

20. The Lincoln-Douglas Debates, 1858
 Democrat
 Sen. Stephen Douglas
 “Little Giant”
 Defended popular
sovereignty
 Republican
 Abraham Lincoln -lawyer
 “Honest Abe”
 Argued for slavery to
cease

21. John Brown’s Raid
on Harper’s Ferry,
1859  led slaves in uprising
 With 16 men marched to federal
arsenal and seized its weapons
and waited for slaves to rise in
rebellion
 mistakes: few slaves lived in area-
others does not know Brown to
risk their life for
 Brown linger for two days- all
escape route was cut off
 He was capture with
his men then hanged
 many northerners saw
him as a martyr
 others think he was a
lunatic

22. 1860
Presidential
Election
Abraham Lincoln
Republican
JohnBell
Constitutional Union
Stephen A. Douglas
NorthernDemocrat
JohnC. Breckinridge
SouthernDemocrat

23. 1860 Election: A Nation Coming Apart?!

24. 1860 Election
 Abraham Lincoln
 16th President
 the only one elected
by a sectional party
entirely in the North

25.  southerners more convinced that their future was bleak-
 south only have 1/3 white male population will always be
outvoted
 the only way left was to SECEDE (withdraw)
 South Carolina- first to leave- Dec 20, 1860
SECESSION!!!

26.  formed Confederate
States
 stress sovereignty and
independence of each
state as well as slaves
held as property
 chose Jefferson Davis
as their president
 Six other southern states followed
 (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana,
Mississippi, Texas)
 South Carolina
 Mississippi
 Florida
 Louisiana
 Alabama
 Georgia
 Texas

27.  Buchanan was a lame duck
 Can only watched the development
 Could do little until Lincoln as inaugurated